What kind of fish is found in Lake Saltaim? Lake Ik, Omsk region: description, features, natural and animal world. When is it more profitable to fly? Chip flights
Lake Linevo in the Omsk region is located near the regional center of Muromtsevo (about an hour's drive). Linevo is part of the so-called “system of five lakes”, which are located close to each other.
There is a legend that five lakes were formed almost thousands of years ago as a result of a meteorite fall, and since then the water in them has been healing. But the meteorite origin and special properties of water have not received scientific confirmation.
Linevo is located near the Tara River, the size of the lake is 530 by 320 meters. There is a recreation area and tourist parking on the lake.
Maximum depth The lake is 11 meters. The water is clear at 2.5 meters. The lake is home to perch, tench, pike, and roach.
The lake is surrounded pine forest, where you can find mushrooms and berries.
Lake Ik
The lake has a round shape. The height above sea level is 101 meters, and the area is 71.4 square kilometers.
The lake basin is surrounded by ridges from the southwest and northeast. In some places the manes lie close to the water's edge and form high (4-6 meters) banks. In river valleys the banks are flat and low. In those places where the manes retreat from the water's edge by several tens of meters, birch, aspen and shrubs grow. It has distinct shallow and deep water parts. The bottom is flat and muddy. The Yaman and Krutikha rivers flow into the lake, and the Kiterma river flows out. The flora and fauna of the area is well varied.
Ik - popular place for recreation, hunting, fishing.
Lake Saltaim
The height above sea level is 98 meters and the area is 146 square kilometers. The maximum depth is 1.7 meters. The rivers Kiterma and Cheldak flow into Lake Saltaim.
The fauna of the reservoir is represented by birds of the wetland complex: ducks, geese, waders. Here is also the world’s northernmost colony of Dalmatian pelicans, which are listed in the Russian Red Book. The great cormorant also nests on the lake. There are a lot of crucian carp here, there are pike, pike perch, perch, bream, and carp.
Lake Saltaim is very popular among local residents.
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Nearest hotels (hotels, hostels, apartments, guest houses)
View all hotels in the area on the map
Five nearby hotels are shown above. Among them there are both regular hotels and hotels with several stars, as well as cheap accommodation - hostels, apartments and guest houses. These are usually private economy class mini-hotels. The hostel is a modern hostel. The apartment is private apartment With daily rental, and a guest house is a large private house where, as a rule, the owners themselves live and rent out rooms for guests. You can rent a guest house with all-inclusive service, a bathhouse and other attributes have a nice rest. Check with the owners for details here.
Usually hotels are located closer to the city center, including inexpensive ones, near the metro or train station. But if this is a resort area, then the best mini-hotels, on the contrary, are located further from the center - on the seashore or river bank.
Nearest airports
| Type | Name | Code | City | Code | Distance |
| Airport | Omsk | OMS | Omsk (RU) | OMS | 143 km. |
When is it more profitable to fly? Chip flights.
You can choose one of the nearest airports and buy a plane ticket without leaving your seat. The search for the cheapest air tickets occurs online and displays to you best deals, including direct flights. Typically this e-tickets at a promotion or discount from many airlines. Having selected the appropriate date and price, click on it and you will be taken to the company’s official website, where you can book and buy the required ticket.
Nearest bus stations, railway stations, bus stops.
| Name | Type | Transport | Distance | Schedule |
| Kiterma | bus stop | bus | 7 km. |
Today we discovered that images of the Omsk region have been updated in Google earth and studying the newly installed GPS navigation program - Navitel, I discovered that we have an awesome big lakes, some of them are medicinal and all of them are within 1 day of travel by bike.
Digging deeper, I discovered that some members of our community even went to one of them this weekend. under the leadership of URi
If only he had expanded on the topic, otherwise it’s difficult to understand from the title without an attached map where it is and what’s there.
And I'm talking about the lake Ebates what is in the Moskalensky district and lakes Saltaim, Tenis and Ik which are located near Krutinka.
Here's a little information about these places:
lake Ebeyty Amrinskaya beam
Moskalensky district, Omsk region
Amrinskaya Balka - Hydrological natural monument together with the lake. Ebeyty and Tumbinsaya beam.
Area 83.3 km².
The complex natural monument “Amrinskaya Balka” is a beautiful, virgin corner of nature, where you forget about everything in the world from communicating with this beauty. Of course, the pearl of this corner is the Ebeity sulfate lake. It is famous for its huge supply of healing mud and inaccessibility - for about 2 km along almost the entire circumference the lake is surrounded by salt marshes. It is located on the southwestern border of our region. The depth of the lake is from 1.5 to 2 meters, has an oval shape, elongated from north to south. The surface area of the lake is 83.3 sq. km. The lake is distinguished by low winding shores, the length coastline– 52.4 km. Salt marshes are common in the lakeside Ebeyta depression.
The bottom of the lake is flat and dense near the shores. The silty deposits are covered with a layer of mirabilite salt. This layer forms a dense crust that can withstand the load of an average person. Lake Ebeity has highly mineralized water – brine.
Tennis
Area 118 km². Connected by a channel to Lake Saltaim.
The rivers Karasuk, Balka dry, and Tleutsay flow into Lake Tenis.
A river flows from Lake Tenis, which flows into Lake Achikul, from which the Osha River originates.
Saltaim- a lake in the south of the West Siberian Plain. Located in the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region.
Area 146 km². The average depth is 0.9 m, the greatest is 1.7 m. The food is mainly snow. High levels in May-June, low in September-October. Freeze-up at the end of October, ice drift in May. Connected by a channel to Lake Tenis.
The rivers Kiterma (source from Lake Ik) and Gorkaya (Cheldak) flow into Lake Saltaim.
Ik- a lake in the south of the West Siberian Plain. Located in the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region.
Area 71.4 km. Lake Ik has a round shape, slightly stretched from southwest to northeast. The length of the lake is 12 km, width 8 km. The bottom of the lake is flat and muddy. The depth of the bottom gradually increases towards the middle, reaching a maximum (4.75 m) in the central part of the lake. Water transparency is 0.75 m. Water bloom is insignificant and is observed only in the second half of July. The banks are well drained, so reeds are insignificant, most of they are confined to the southeastern edge of the lake.
The last 3 lakes are famous for fishing, the first for its healing mud, especially useful for back injuries and rheumatism.
I suggest you go to these wonderful places and see everything with your own eyes.
The ideal option is, of course, an overnight stay, but I don’t have a tent, a sleeping bag, or any of the camping equipment at all, not even sneakers or a flashlight, just shoes and jeans, so if anyone is ready to join the company and has these simple belongings, I’m ready to share the burden half and join the company around the fire over a glass of tea.
You can get to Ebeyta like this - Omsk-Azovo-Borisovskoye-Sherbakul-Babezh-Novotsaritsyno-Gvozdevka-Amrinskaya Balka - distance about 140 km.
On the way to Azovo, the road condition is satisfactory.
Beyond Shcherbakul, the asphalt very soon ends, then there is a dirt road all the way to Novotsaritsyno, after the village of Gvozdevka - soil with crushed stone, well broken in places!
From there to the lake, as the locals say, two roads lead to the cherished goal.
We get to lakes Saltaim, Tenis and Ik simply by driving to Krutinka along the highway - it's about 200 km(9-10 hours travel)
I am attaching a map of the location of these lakes:
In the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region, in the south of the West Siberian Plain. Belongs to the Irtysh lake-river system. It is part of the Big Krutinsky Lakes.
The water's edge is located at an altitude of 98 m above sea level. The area of the water surface, according to literature data, is 146 km2. The lake is located in a region of insufficient moisture, so its level is subject to significant intra-annual and long-term changes. The length of the lake is 18.5 km, width – 16.5 km. The average depth of the lake before river regulation. Oshi was 0.9 m, after regulation - 2.3 m, maximum - up to 4 m. Saltaim is the largest lake in the Omsk region and the 85th lake in Russia in terms of water surface area.
The shape of lakes Saltaim and Tenis, connected by a wide channel, resembles a butterfly. Lakes Saltaim and Tenis are perceived as two reaches of a single body of water. The main rivers feeding the lake system are Kiterma, Karasuk and Koshara, providing 95% of the inflow, as well as Gorkaya (Chaldak), Shepunovka, Tenisovka, Konkulskaya. The Kiterma River connects reservoirs with the lake. Ik. The flow from reservoirs occurs along the river. Osha in r. Irtysh.
The shores of the lake are low and swampy in places. The bottom is muddy. The width of the floodplain is from 100 to 1000 m; in the northwest and southeast the floodplain turns into a swamp. The terrain of the territory is a gently undulating plain 100–140 m above sea level.
The food is mainly snow. High levels are observed in May–June, low levels in September–October. Freeze-up begins at the end of October, ice drift - in May. With a shallow depth and large area, intense wind circulation is often observed in the lake, which involves the entire water column, resulting in the absence of temperature stratification.
The lake water has a grayish-green or straw-yellow color. Water transparency is very low; the largest is recorded in winter - up to 95 cm, the smallest - in summer - 15–35 cm. The lake is fresh, periodically slightly salted. Water mineralization fluctuates seasonally, exceeding 500–700 (1300) mg/l in summer. The active reaction of the water is slightly alkaline, in summer – 7.8–8.0, and by the end of the sub-ice period it decreases to 7.2–7.5. The oxygen regime in summer is favorable, but in winter the lake is susceptible to frost. Ammonia nitrogen is constantly found in the water, which can be explained not only by the significant role of the waters of lowland swamps in feeding the lake, but also by the flow of wastewater from nearby populated areas.
Higher aquatic vegetation is developed very intensively. Its main part is represented by common reed, rush, cattail and sedge. Reed thickets are up to 150 m wide. Vegetation cover is up to 20–25%. In addition, there are thick thickets of pondweed, hornwort, and hornwort, occupying 10–20% of the lake’s area. Saltaim.
Phytoplankton is represented by cyanobacteria, dinophytes, golden algae, cryptophytes, euglena, diatoms and green algae. Phytoplankton biomass in the second half of summer is 20–25 mg/l.
The average long-term biomass of zooplankton in the Saltaim-Tenis lakes is 10.0 g/m3. Benthos is poorer in quantity, its average long-term biomass is 4.9–6.5 g/m2.
The lake is rich in fish. Before the regulation of the river. Oshi ichthyofauna of lakes Ik, Saltaim-Tenis and river. Oshi was represented by Siberian roach, lake minnow, common gudgeon, golden crucian carp, and common perch. After creation on the river. Osh hydraulic structures, the ichthyofauna has undergone a number of changes. At the same time, in different time purposeful and random introduction of fish into the system’s reservoirs different types– Amur silver carp, bream, pike perch, peled, carp, tench, bighead carp, ripus. However, only carp, pike perch, bream and crucian carp have passed the stage of population naturalization. Currently, the fish composition of the Saltaim-Tenis lake system includes 14 species, the main commercial species include roach, ide, dace, perch, as well as carp, pike perch, bream, peled and crucian carp acclimatized in the lake. The Saltaim-Tenis system is the largest fishing area in the Omsk region.
Ducks, geese, waders nest on the lake, and among the rare birds there is a cormorant, as well as a species listed in the Red Book Russian Federation Dalmatian pelican.
The nearest settlements are Ust-Kiterm, Saltaim, Berezovo, named after Maxim Gorky.
The structure and abundance of phytoplankton in the Saltaim-Tenis lake system indicate the tense ecological state of their ecosystems. Without taking a number of measures for the environmental rehabilitation of reservoirs and the adjacent territory, the process of eutrophication will lead to overgrowing and swamping of the water area, and ultimately to the loss of lakes that play an important role in providing food for the population water areas, fish, recreational and aesthetic resources.
The Big Krutinsky lakes, including lakes Saltaim and Tenis, are included in the Ramsar Convention's prospective list of wetlands as a place of mass nesting and molting of waterfowl and the most northern place Dalmatian pelican nesting site.
2.1 Brief description of Lake Ik
The territory of Lake Ik is most beautiful place Krutinsky district. On the territory of the Krutinsky district there are several dozen lakes of various configurations and sizes. Most large lakes Krutinsky district is Lake Saltaim (146 km.2), Tenis (118 km.2), Ik (71.4 km.2)
total area the surface of these three lakes exceeds 300 km2, and their drainage area is 400 km2
Lake Saltaim is located 40 km. northwest of Tyukalinsk and 60 km. north railway station Nazyvaevsk. The catchment area is 5710 km2 (together with Lake Tenis). The greatest length is 18 km, the width in the northern part is 15 km, in the southern part 4 km, the greatest depth is 2.5 m. The Kiterma River, flowing from Lake Ik, and the Gorkaya River with its left tributary of the Cheldak River flow into the lakes. The Balashov Strait connects Lake Saltaim with Lake Tenis.
Lake Tenis is located east of Saltaim. The length of the lake is 16.4 km, width 10.3 km, depth 2.5 m. The Osha River flows out of the lake with a water flow of 1.5 m/s, and the Karasuk River flows into the lake.
Lake Ik is one of the significant lakes in the Omsk region. Its area is 41.5 km2. The lake stretches 9.1 km from north to south and 11.8 km from west to east. The coastline is more than 22 km. The lake has a round shape, slightly stretched from north to west north to east.
Lake Ik is located between the Ishim and Irtysh rivers near the working village of Krutinka, 62 km north of the Nazyvaevskaya railway station and 48 km west of Tyukalinsk. The catchment area is 1190 km2, the mirror area is 71.4 km2, the lake has a round shape, slightly stretched - west to north - east.
The length of the lake is 11.8 km, width - 9.1 km, average depth - 3.7 m, greatest - 4.7 m, the lake basin is slightly elongated from the north - east direction(timed to coincide with the general inter-grieval decrease). The slopes of the basin are convex, round, and steep in places. Their height is 4-5 m and only near the village of Kiterma up to 6 m. The shores of the lake are steep and bare.
Due to the predominance of the south - westerly winds to the east and north - eastern shores are subject to constant erosion. The saucer-shaped lake bath has a clearly defined coastal shallow and deep-water part. Water transparency 0.75m. The water bloom is insignificant and is observed only in the second half of July. The banks are well drained, so the thickets of reeds are insignificant, most of them are confined to the southeastern edge of the lake.
The peculiarities of nutrition affect the water level of lakes. The water level of lakes begins to rise during spring snowmelt. The maximum is observed in April - June, then the level decreases, reaching a minimum towards the end of summer.
In dry years, the lakes reduce the surface of the water surface and greatly lower their level - they “shallow” or “dry out,” as local residents say.
According to the degree of water mineralization, the lakes are divided into fresh and salty. In the northern and central parts of the region, fresh lakes predominate, in the southern part - salty ones, and in some places here salty lakes alternate with fresh water bodies. By chemical composition The waters of salt lakes are quite diverse.
Fresh lakes are of great national economic importance. Freshwater lakes are used as a source of water supply for drinking and industrial purposes (watering livestock, watering agricultural land, etc.)
In the fresh lakes of the region there are about 20 various types fish, of which pike, burbot, ide, crucian carp, perch and others are of commercial importance. These lakes can be widely used for fishing and the acclimatization of new valuable fish species. The experience of stocking fresh lakes with fry, larvae of peled, grass carp, silver carp, and carp gave a fairly good effect on the reproduction of these fish. It turned out that growing valuable fast-growing fish species in the lakes of our region is possible only with aeration of the water during the freeze-up period.
Fishing is mainly based on the Krutinsky lakes.
Currently, Lake Ik is the most productive. A relatively small fish factory operates in Krutinka. The most commercially important fish species are crucian carp, perch, peled, ide, carp, pike, silver carp, and bream. Fish kills sometimes occur in the lake. This happens at the end of winter due to lack of oxygen. The largest kill was in 1991, when about 120 tons of fish were washed ashore.
The animal population of the lake is also represented by common pond snails, keeled reel, swimming beetles, dragonfly larvae, which are indicators of clean water and moderately polluted water, which indicates the purity of the water in the lake, but there are preconditions that cause concern for further pollution of the reservoir. The most common mammal is the muskrat. Birds include wild ducks, gray goose, and sandpiper.
2.2 Description of the studies conducted
The basic rule: get up in the morning, wash your face, put yourself in order - and immediately put your planet in order.
Antoine de Saint - Exupery.
Theoretical studies of the ecological state of the lakes were carried out based on materials from the Krutinsky district newspaper “Rural Tribune”
The main form of anthropogenic impact on the lake is runoff. Untreated waters of the coastal territory of the working village of Krutinka, grazing of cattle in the area of the village of Kiterma, littering with household waste, residents settlements, located near Lake Ik.
The main flow occurs in the spring, when the snow melts. Utilities. Drainage water flows into the lake and through the Krutikha River.
On the banks within the village there is trash: mostly plastic bottles and broken glass. A lot of garbage left behind by fishermen after the winter.
You can't forbid living in a trash heap!
Day by day, a mountain of garbage is growing in the area opposite the confluence of the Krutikha River into Lake Ik. For several years now, residents of surrounding houses have been dumping garbage and household waste here. As a result of such “life activity” fetid odors, wild dogs, rats, flies and the like create a special “color” in the area, this cesspool occupies almost 20 m., 2 t. continues to grow. Pollution is also indicated by changes in some organic indicators - the transparency of the color of water. Compared to previous years, the color and transparency of the water has changed. The algae in the lake has increased, and the coastal part of the lake is slightly overgrown with reeds in the area of the Krutinka – Kiterma highway.
Various industries produce a lot of pollutants, such as bakeries of private entrepreneurs, fisheries, butter and cheese production, etc. There is an unauthorized removal and release of organic substances into Lake Ik and the Krutikha River adjacent to the lake.
In such cases, it is necessary to resort to extreme measures: suspend (production) or close them, move them to areas that are safe for the population.
Environmental harm can be eliminated by restoring natural properties, but this requires long time and cessation of harmful effects. If the harmful effects are not reduced, nature does not have time to restore itself and gradually degrades.
In order to eliminate environmental damage on Lake Ik, it is necessary to carry out a number of measures, such as: allocating parking for cars, installing road signs prohibiting the parking of vehicles on coastal sections of intra-village roads, and installing garbage containers. You also need to talk with all residents of the adjacent streets to Lake Ik about the fact that a fine will be issued for dumping garbage into the lake and on the shore of Lake Ik. Every day there must be a raid to inspect the shoreline of Lake Ik (monitor the sanitary condition of the lake).
Based on the studied sources, a a brief description of lakes and their ecological state was revealed. To more fully study this issue, it is necessary to conduct field research:
Measurements of lake depths.
Investigate water quality.
Carry out bioindication of water quality for the animal population.
Explore vegetable world lakes.
Compile a herbarium of typical representatives of the flora.
Conclusion
Man has always used the environment as a source of resources, but until recently his activities did not have a noticeable impact on the biosphere. Only in the twentieth century did changes in nature influence economic activity humanity attracted the attention of scientists. Environmental monitoring is becoming a norm of life. A great role in the formation of this process belongs to the school through involving children in the simplest skills of observation, research and practical activities to form a new attitude and nature, studying the immediate environment (using the example of their native river, lake, grove - everything that is called the “small” Motherland ).
Contributes to the formation of an ecological culture, Krutinsky Lakes is the pearl of the Omsk region. Studying them using school monitoring methods will help not only create a more complete description of them, but also attract the younger generation and search and research activities, get to know and love their region more deeply, and realize their degree of responsibility for the state of the environment. Awareness of this responsibility is one of the components of the qualities of an ecologically cultural person.
Bibliography:
1. Andreev M.A. Field practice in general agriculture for students
I – II years of the Geographical Faculty of Pedagogical Institutes. – M.: Education, 1991-112p.
2. Atlas of the Omsk region. / under. ed. Zinchenko A.G., Kozhukharya A.A. – Omsk, 2001
3. Ashikhmina T.Ya. School environmental monitoring. M., Agar, 2000.
4. Bliznyak E.V. Water research. – M., 1992
5. Bogoslovsky B.B. Fundamentals of land hydrology. – Minsk, 1974
6. Newspaper of the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region “Rural Tribune” - June 2006.
7. Newspaper of the Krutinsky district of the Omsk region “Rural Tribune” - April 2007.
8. Geography of the Omsk region. / under. ed. Zinchenko A.G., Kozhukharya A.A. – Omsk, 2001
9. Kozhukhar A.A. usage natural resources Omsk region - Omsk "Omskaya Pravda" - 1976 - 187s.
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11. Field practice geographical disciplines. – M., 1980
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14. Chashchin V.P. Nature management and nature conservation in the Omsk region Omsk, 1999.
15. Chashchin V.P. "Nature management" 2nd ed. 1997 – 203s.
16. Ecological principles of environmental management: Tutorial/ ed. prof. E.P. Arustamova. -2nd ed. - M.: Publishing House "Dashkov and Co", 2002. – 236s.