Which is the deepest? What is the largest freshwater lake in the world. The largest shark in the world
Eternal human interest in everything very special in the world - big, small, long, high, deep - is inexhaustible in the search for new interesting facts and unusual records. And if it is not possible to outdo exceptional natural masterpieces, then in the fields of construction and industrial production people from generation to generation tirelessly strive to establish at least temporary superiority over competitors in height, size and a number of other parameters. The material below contains the most amazing sights of the world, created by nature and human hands.
The biggest country in the world
According to a 2015 estimate, its population does not exceed 1,000 people, and almost all are subjects of the Holy See.
The next largest state in terms of territory (other autonomous territories are not taken into account) is Monaco with an area of 2.02 square meters. km and with a population of approximately 38,800 people, according to a 2014 estimate.
The largest city in the world
The largest city in the world in terms of population and at the same time the largest sea port- Shanghai, China. According to 2015 data, this metropolis is home to 24,152,700 people.
The largest urban agglomeration is Tokyo-Yokohama, 37,843,000 people. The population of Tokyo alone is 13,617,445 people (as of 2016).
There is no single assessment of cities by area, since official city limits around the world are formed and indicated in different ways: with or without suburbs. Currently, one of the largest cities in terms of area is Beijing, 16,411 square meters. km (according to other sources - 16,801 sq. km), of which the city itself accounts for approximately 1,368 sq. km. km (and this territory is steadily growing every year due to the suburbs), for the suburbs - about 15,042 sq. km.
The largest and smallest island in the world
The volume of wood was taken as the main criterion for “calculating” the winner with such a vague definition. The volume of the trunk of this sequoiadendron at the time of setting the record was 1487 cubic meters, while the mass of the entire tree is estimated at 1900 tons - “General Sherman” is not only the largest, but also the heaviest living organism on Earth at the present time, if you do not take into account the aspen poplar grove - clonal colony of Pando (about 6000 tons). And this sequoiadendron, whose age is estimated at 2300-2700 years, continues to grow and adds about 1.5 cm in width every year. The measured height of the tree is 83.8 meters, the circumference of the trunk at the ground is 31.3 meters, the maximum diameter of the trunk is 11.1 meters.
However, in terms of diameter, the giant is inferior to the Mexican Tule Tree in the city of Santa Maria del Tule. According to measurements in 2005, its diameter at the ground is 11.62 meters, its circumference is 36.2 meters. The exact height of the tree is difficult to measure due to its wide crown; according to approximate measurements - about 35.4 meters. Scientists are still arguing about its age and the actual number of trunks, but this did not prevent the Tule Tree from being included in the UNESCO list as a natural monument of international importance back in 2001.
The largest animal in the world
The largest animal on the planet is the blue whale (aka blue whale, vomit). The body length of these marine mammals reaches 33 meters, and their weight can exceed 150 tons. Historically, the habitat of this species of cetacean was the entire World Ocean, but now their populations are scattered. All year round blue whales are found in equatorial waters Indian Ocean, they can be seen from the coasts of Sri Lanka, Maldives and Seychelles.
The largest whale ever caught by humans is a female blue whale, caught in 1926 in the waters of the South Shetland Islands. The length of its body from the fork of the caudal fin to the end of the snout is 33.27 meters, weight is 176.792 tons.
The largest animal on land is the savannah elephant (a species of African elephant). As a rule, males weigh on average 7 tons, females - about 5 tons. With a body length of about 6-7.5 meters, the height of the elephant at the shoulders is close to 3-3.8 meters. The recorded weight of the largest savannah elephant was 12.24 tons. The animal was shot in 1974 in the village of Mucusso (Angola). Tourists can see savannah elephants in Africa in national parks and reserves.
The fastest animal in the world
The cheetah is the fastest land mammal. According to various sources, these predators can accelerate in 3 seconds to a speed of 96.6 - 112 km/h. National Geographic magazine named a female named Sarah (also called Sahara) the fastest cheetah: she ran 100 meters in 5.95 seconds. The sprint run of cheetahs for prey lasts no more than 20 seconds and is limited to a distance of 400 meters.
Moreover, among all the animals in the world, cheetahs occupy only 13th place in speed. The championship belongs to the birds. And the fastest bird and generally the fastest representative of the animal kingdom is the peregrine falcon, which in a diving flight reaches a speed of 322 km/h, the record recorded by researchers is 389 km/h. However, in horizontal flight, the peregrine falcon is inferior to the Brazilian folded lip (a species of bat and the fastest mammal) with its speed of over 160-200 km/h and swifts (species - black, needle-tailed), capable of maximum acceleration up to 169 km/h.
Among fish, black marlin stands out for its speed: on average, these large oceanic fish are capable of cutting through water at a speed of 85 km/h, the maximum established speed of a representative of the species is 129 km/h.
Of the insects, horseflies fly the fastest - on average 60 km/h, maximum - 90 km/h.
Some representatives of the reptile class can reach speeds of up to 35-40 km/h, but no more. These include bearded dragons, green iguanas, and in the water, leatherback turtles.
The biggest fish in the world
The largest fish of our time is the whale shark, which is harmless to humans and lives in the warm waters of the tropics. It feeds mainly on plankton, and its average length varies between 10 and 12 meters, although such specimens are extremely rare for fishermen.
The second largest species is the basking shark (giant shark). Like the whale shark, this shark feeds on small organisms - plankton. On average, adult individuals reach 6-8 meters, and only a few sharks grow to 9-12 meters.
Beluga is the largest freshwater fish and belongs to the sturgeon family. This species is listed in the Red Book. The largest fish caught in the Caspian Sea and at the mouth of the Volga were more than 4 meters in length and weighed about 1.5 tons.
The largest shark in the world
The size and weight of the largest sharks have been debated for decades. Currently, exceptional specimens of whale sharks over 20 meters in length are allowed to exist. In particular, information that inspires the confidence of researchers includes reports of a shark 20 meters long and weighing 34 tons, caught near Taiwan in 1997, and a shark 17.5 meters long and weighing 15 tons, caught in the Arabian Sea off the coast of the city of Veraval, India.
The last report of a very large whale shark was on February 7, 2012. Then Pakistani fishermen caught a dead shark near Karachi, 11 to 12 meters long and weighing about 15 tons.
The largest shark that has ever existed is considered to be the megalodon - an extinct species, the size of whose representatives can be judged by paleontological finds: the average length is about 15 meters, while megalodons were predators.
The largest snake in the world
The largest snakes on the planet are representatives of constrictors and pythons, namely the green anaconda and the reticulated python.
The heaviest snake in the world is the common or green anaconda, and the name “water boa” also refers to it. National Geographic indicates that the largest female anacondas can grow up to 8.8 meters and weigh more than 227 kg. However, on this moment such an indicator remains only a theoretical estimate. There have now been a lot of reports about giant anacondas, but most of them do not have any material evidence and are classified as legends. The largest recorded specimen of anaconda in captivity was kept at the Pittsburgh Zoo. The snake grew to 6.27 meters, and was weighed at a length of 5.94 meters - 91 kg.
The longest snake, the reticulated python, originally from Asia, grows up to 1.5 - 6.5 meters in nature. The largest measured representative of the species was 6.95 meters long and weighed 59 kg, but had not eaten for almost 3 months before the measurement. Pythons, like anacondas, have a lot of unconfirmed evidence, including a length of more than 8 meters.
The largest spider in the world
The world's largest spider is the goliath tarantula of the genus Tarantula, in Latin - Theraphosa blondi. The specimen described in the Guinness Book of Records was discovered by members of Pablo San Martin's expedition in tropical forests Venezuela in 1965. The leg span of the goliath tarantula was 28 cm. In 1998, the same size was recorded in a two-year-old spider raised in captivity, and it weighed 170 grams.
Some species of the family Sparassidae grow with a leg span of about 25 cm or more; their sonorous and often used name is giant crab spiders.
The largest spiders in Russia are the South Russian tarantula and several species of spider spiders. Basically, the size of the largest individuals does not exceed 2.5-3 cm.
The biggest dog in the world
The title of the tallest dog in the world with a mention and photographs in the Book of Records belongs to Zeus, a Great Dane (aka Great Dane), a favorite of the Durlag family from Otsego, Michigan, USA. The height of Zeus is 111.8 cm, the dog weighs more than 70 kg. If Zeus stands on his hind legs, his “height” will be 224 cm. The record was set on October 4, 2011. At the same time, Zeus is not much taller than the previous record holders - Giant George (109.2 cm) and Titan (107.3 cm), which, by the way, are the same breed - Great Dane.
The English mastiff Zorba was named the heaviest dog back in 1987: a six-year-old dog weighed 142.7 kg. Two years later, when weighed again, he was even heavier: 155.6 kg with a height of 94 cm.
According to the Guinness Book of Records, the largest dog that ever existed lived on Earth approximately 15.3 million years ago, during the late Miocene era. The average weight of this ancient wild dog is estimated at 170 kg.
The biggest cat in the world
The longest living pet cat is Maine Coon Ludo, a favorite of Kelsey Gill from Wakefield, UK. The cat was measured for the Guinness Book of Records on October 6, 2015. As expected, measurements were taken three times, and then the average length was calculated - 118.33 cm. At the time of measurement, the pet was 17 months old and weighed 11 kg. Now several active pages on social networks are devoted to news from his life.
The record of Ludo's famous predecessor, also a Maine Coon, the cat Stewie, is 123 cm, he was named the domestic cat with the longest tail. He died in 2013 at the age of 8.
Officially, the largest living cat in the world is the liger Hercules (a hybrid of a lion and a tigress). He was born in 2002 at the Institute of Endangered and Rare Species in Miami, at the time of the last measurements at the age of 11 years, he weighed 418.2 kg, was 3.33 meters long and 125 cm high at the withers. Hercules is active and does not suffer from obesity.
Tallest man in the world
The height of the tallest man in history, American Robert Pershing Wadlow, recorded in the Guinness Book of Records is 272 cm. With this height, he weighed 199 kg. The giant was diagnosed with a pituitary tumor and acromegaly, so he grew rapidly from the age of four until his death at the age of 22 in 1940.
The second tallest man in the entire history of observation is John Rogan, whom contemporary newspapers dubbed him the “Negro giant.” However, already in adolescence, due to his height, he began to develop ankylosis - immobility of the joints. His exact weight was measured only posthumously, in 1905 at the age of 40, and was 267 cm with a weight of only 79 kg.
The tallest living person is Turkish farmer Sultan Kösen, born in 1982, whose height is 251 cm. Gigantism in his case is also caused by a tumor of the pituitary gland, but as a result of treatment, doctors managed to slow down the man’s further growth.
Currently, the history of medicine knows of 17 people who have reached a height of more than 244 cm.
Fastest man in the world
Usain Bolt
Kai Pfaffenbach / Reuters / Scanpix / LETA
The fame of Usain Bolt, a Jamaican runner, has been thundering since the 2008 Beijing Olympics, and now the athlete already has 9 gold medals from the Olympic Games and 11 from the World Championships. The athlete, nicknamed "Lightning Bolt" - literally "Lightning Bolt"), set 8 records.
The fastest person achieved his first world speed record in 2008 at the age of 22 - 100 meters in 9.72 seconds. In 2009, he improved his 100-meter time to 9.58 seconds. His world record for 200 meters is 19.19 seconds.
Tallest building in the world
The tallest building and structure ever built by mankind is the Burj Khalifa skyscraper in Dubai, also known as the Dubai Tower.
The grandiose eastern skyscraper, shaped like a futuristic center or stalagmite, rises 828 meters from the ground, includes 163 floors and a sharp spire directed upward. The grand opening of the skyscraper, which thundered throughout the world, took place in 2010, on January 4, then the ceremony included light show and fireworks, was broadcast online.
The Dubai skyscraper was built with a large margin, because the earlier (and also not yet overcome by the third high-rise) record corresponded to the Warsaw radio mast (646.38 meters), which fell in 1991.
The most high building in Russia and Europe - Federation Tower (about 374 meters) as part of the Moscow City complex, followed by two more skyscrapers of the same complex - OKO (South Tower, 354 meters) and Mercury City (339 meters). The fourth tallest building in Europe after the Moscow towers remains the pyramidal London skyscraper The Shard (309 meters), which opened for tourists in 2013.
The unspoken international competition to build super-skyscrapers continues, and perhaps very soon we will learn about taking a new height.
Tallest tower in the world
Among the already built television towers, the leader is the Tokyo Skytree, 634 meters high, rising in the special Sumida area. It is also the second tallest building in the world after the Burj Khalifa. The tower was built by February 29, 2012 as part of the program for the complete transition of Japanese television to digital format, since the height of the Tokyo Tower (332.6 meters) was insufficient for this task. The observation decks on the Tokyo Skytree are located on several levels, the highest being at 451 meters.
The Guangzhou TV Tower is 34 meters lower than the Tokyo Sky Tree, but with its highest observation deck You will be able to see the panorama of the metropolis from a height of 488 meters.
In the Western Hemisphere, high-rise superiority remains with the famous CN Tower in Toronto, Canada, built back in 1976. Its height is 553.3 meters, and the observation deck at 447 meters welcomes more than 2 million people annually. By the way, the Ostankino Tower in Moscow is only 13 meters lower than the Canadian CN Tower, and it has the 4th place in the world.
The longest bridge in the world
The three longest bridges are railway ones, all of which are located in China.
The maximum length is at the Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct (164.8 km), commissioned at the end of June 2011. The bridge is part of the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway, approximately 9 km of the bridge spans over water surface. The largest body of water crossed by the Danyang-Kunshan Viaduct is Lake Yangcheng. Two other active railway bridge of the three record lengths - the Tianjin Viaduct (113.7 km) and the Wei Bridge (79.732 km) - are two to three times longer than the largest structures of comparable type in other countries.
The longest sea girder bridge is laid along the route Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macau. The second longest girder bridge, the Qingdao Bridge, is also located in China.
The longest bridge-type above-ground structure currently remains the Bang Na Highway in Bangkok, which opened in 2000 and is 54 km long.
The largest plane in the world
Air giants make the dreams of many travelers come true when they travel to new countries and even to other continents.
Passengers who frequently fly internationally have the chance to see the largest production airliner, the Airbus A380, which is operated by several leading airlines. The wingspan of the airliner is 79.75 meters, length - 72.75 meters, width - 24.08 meters. The capacity of this double decker passenger plane— 853 passengers or 525 passengers with a three-class configuration.
Status of the largest and heaviest air plane holds the only copy of the An-225 “Mriya” in the world, which was put into operation in 1988. The board is used for cargo transportation and has already managed to break over a hundred records, including transporting the heaviest monocargo in the history of aviation, weighing 187.6 tons, while the maximum carrying capacity it achieved was much larger - 253.8 tons.
The largest ship in the world
The infamous Titanic, which amazed the whole world with its size at the beginning of the 20th century, can hardly be compared with the new ones these days. cruise ships. The Titanic, launched in 1912, was 269.1 meters long and 28.19 meters wide. At that time, these figures were record-breaking.
Currently, the leader in the size race of cruise giants is the Harmony of the Seas 362 meters long and passenger capacity 5479 / 6500 people, which was put into operation relatively recently - in the summer of 2015. It is noteworthy that Harmony of the Seas is the third vessel of the Oasis class and is only two meters longer than its predecessors - the twin ships Oasis of the Seas of 2008 and Allure of the Seas of 2010.
The largest floating facility currently is the Korean floating liquefied natural gas plant Prelude FLNG, which is currently under construction but has already been launched. The 488-meter-long factory ship is reminiscent of other smaller industrial ships in its appearance.
The fastest train in the world
A new world train speed record was achieved relatively recently - in April 2015. Japanese L0 Series magnetic levitation train (maglev train) reached high-speed railway Shinkansen speed 603 km/h.
Since 2007, the championship among rail trains has been held by the French TGV POS train, which reached a speed of 574.8 km/h. Now trains of this series serve regular routes in France and Europe, without exceeding the design speed of 320 km/h.
In constant operation, the Shanghai Maglev train maintains the highest speed - 430 km/h, but only on a number of routes (on others - 300 km/h) and at a distance of 30 km.
The largest metro in the world
When comparing the largest metropolitan areas in the world, it is customary to highlight several records: this is the deepest and longest metro, the leading subways in terms of the number of stations and the number of passengers per year.
The longest metro (based on the total length of completed lines) is Shanghai, the total length of the underground transport network is 588 km, and this is not the limit - the expansion of the subway is planned in stages for several decades to come.
The New York subway has the most stations and routes. This subway includes 472 stations (or 425 unique transfer hubs) on 36 branches.
The busiest metro (based on maximum daily load) is in Beijing, its daily load is an average of 9.998 million people, its peak is more than 12.69 million people, the annual figure is 3,660 million passengers. At the same time, the consistently expanding network of the Beijing Metro maintains its position as the second longest - 574 km.
The next highest daily load is the Moscow Metro: at the end of 2015, the volume of traffic reached 2384.5 million people per year or 6.533 million per day, the peak load was recorded on December 9, 2014 - 9.5 million people.
The undisputed leader in annual passenger traffic is the Tokyo Metro (3,334 million). And Seoul ranks third and is behind Beijing - according to the latest official data, it serves 2,619 million people annually.
The depth record belongs to the Arsenalnaya station of the Kyiv metro: it is located 105.5 meters underground. Sometimes there are attempts to “calculate” the deepest metro in the world based on the average occupancy rate of all its stations, but the clear champion for this indicator has not yet been precisely determined.
The longest car in the world
The car, recorded in the Guinness Book, was assembled according to the design of Jay Orberg, a Hollywood collector, designer and creator of unique cars. It was the 100-foot (about 30.5 meters) limousine that brought Orberg worldwide fame.
The car is placed on 26 wheels and the inside can hardly resemble the interior of a classic car. It has a swimming pool with a diving board and a double water bed; In addition, there are about a dozen sleeping places, satellite TV, a sunbathing area and other amenities. For safe driving of this, essentially an exhibition model, a second driver’s cabin is provided.
The fastest car in the world
The land speed record, set in 1997, is amazing: it is the world's first officially confirmed breaking of the sound barrier. In a Thrust SSC with turbofan engines, Briton Andy Green reached a speed of 1227.985 km/h. Speed measurements were carried out in the Black Rock Desert, USA.
The Guinness Book of Records stipulates that the first attempt to break the sound barrier was claimed by a race in a Budweiser Rocket Car in 1979 at the American Edwards Air Force Base, but this experience was not officially sanctioned by the USAF, and its results were never counted.
The fastest production car is the Hennessey Venom GT. The acceleration record - up to 300 km/h in 13.63 seconds was set on this car on January 21, 2013. In addition, the car showed the best result in average acceleration to 200 mph, its figure was 14.51 seconds. The maximum speed achieved by this car is 435.31 km/h.
And also anomalous creatures are born that cannot be found anywhere else on Earth.
Some lakes are the sites of catastrophic events in history, such as or, while others contain unique geological strata.
We present to our readers the 13 most amazing lakes on our planet.
Boiling Lake
Boiling Lake on the island of Dominica is the second largest in the world, although you probably wouldn't want to dive into its waters.
Along the shores, the water temperature rises to 80-90 degrees Celsius, while the central part is too hot to get close and take measurements. The lake is almost completely covered with clouds of steam, and its grayish water is constantly seething.
Laguna Colorado
The water of this eerie lake in Bolivia is blood red, and its surface is covered with strange islands of sodium tetraborate, the same substance that is found in many detergents.
The color of the lake is associated with colored bottom sediments and big amount red algae that grows rapidly in this place. People often walk in the waters of this lake, in sharp contrast
Plitvice Lakes
These amazing lakes in Croatia are truly unique, and the namesake national park represents one of the most beautiful places in the world.
In reality, it is a complex of 16 lakes, all interconnected by a series of waterfalls and caves. Each lake is separated from the others by thin natural dams of travertine - an unusual shape that is slowly formed from local lichens, algae and bacteria. Travertine dams are growing at a rate of 1 centimeter per year, making the lakes extremely vulnerable.
Lake Nyos
This lake in Cameroon is one of the few known exploding lakes in the world. Directly below it is a cavity of magma, which fills Nyos with carbon dioxide and turns its waters into carbonic acid.
Recently, in 1986, the lake produced a huge explosion that suffocated 1,700 people and 3,500 head of livestock from nearby villages. This was the largest case of asphyxia due to a natural phenomenon.
There is a danger that this could happen on one of the three exploding lakes in the world. In fact, it is Nyos that may be the most likely place for a repeat disaster, since the natural channel along which the lake flows is fragile and vulnerable to cracks.
Aral Sea
The Aral Sea, once one of the world's largest lakes, is now an almost completely dry desert. On its territory you can see the rusted skeletons of ships that once plied the expanses of this reservoir, emphasizing its scale.
Since 1960, the lake has steadily decreased in size, primarily due to irrigation projects of the former Soviet Union, within which the river beds that fed the lake were changed.
Today the area of the Aral Sea is only 10 percent of its previous size. The region's fisheries and ecosystems have been devastated in what has been described as one of the world's worst disasters. environmental disasters planets.
Peach Lake
Dismal Lake on the island of Trinidad is the world's largest natural source of bitumen. The lake covers an area of more than 40 hectares, its depth is up to 75 meters, and it is even inhabited by extraterrestrial, extremophile organisms.
Local residents claim that the waters of this lake have mystical properties. medicinal properties for everyone who bathes in it, although such claims have not been proven. Interestingly, bitumen obtained from Peach Lake was used to pave some New York City streets.
Lake Don Juan
The hypersaline lake, discovered in 1961 in Antarctica, is the saltiest body of water on the planet.
Its salt content is more than 40 percent, so high that Lake Don Juan never freezes, even though it lies near the icy south pole.
Dead Sea
The deepest hyperhaline lake in the world is too salty for living creatures to live in it, which is why the reservoir got its name.
The surface of the lake is 415 meters below sea level, making it the lowest on Earth. The salt levels in the Dead Sea make it very difficult to swim, but extremely pleasant to drift.
In the mid-20th century, in caves along Dead Sea, located in Israel, ancient biblical scrolls were discovered. They have been preserved partly due to the unique climate of these places. The Dead Sea also borders the state of Jordan.
Taal Lake
Taal Lake, located in island state The Philippines deserves special attention, since in its center there is an island called Volcano.
Since there is also a small lake in the crater of Vulcan Island, this entire complex is known as largest lake in a world on an island, which in turn is also in a lake on an island. The tongue twister doesn't end there: there is also a small island in Vulcan Island Crater Lake called Vulcan Point. Got it?
Lake Balkhash
Lake Balkhash, located in Kazakhstan, is the 12th largest lake in the world, but this is not actually what makes it unique. This lake is surprising in that half of it consists of fresh water, while the second half is salty.
Balkhash partly maintains this balance due to the fact that its two halves are connected by a narrow piece of land 3.5 kilometers wide and 6 meters deep.
There are fears that Balkhash could dry up like the Aral Sea, since the beds of many of the sources that feed it are currently being changed.
Tonle Sap
The unique Tonle Sap ecosystem in Cambodia is difficult to classify as a lake or a river.
During the dry season, the waters of the Tonle Sap flow into the Mekong River, but during the monsoon period the flow of water is so intense that it is literally carried back out of this river, resulting in the formation of the largest freshwater lake V South-East Asia. It is especially different in that its course changes in the opposite direction twice a year.
Due to these unusual conditions, the region is a real treasury in plan, and it has been named a UNESCO biosphere.
Crater Lake
After a large-scale eruption of Mount Mazama in the center of the American state of Oregon 7,700 years ago, a huge caldera about 600 meters deep into the mountain was left. Despite the complete absence of feeding sources, the crater of Mount Mazama gradually, over thousands of years, was filled with simply sediment.
Today it is the second deepest lake in North America, and its waters are nearly the clearest, cleanest, and least polluted in the entire world.
Lake Baikal
The huge body of water in Russia is truly unusual. This is the oldest and deep lake world, in addition, it is the second largest on the planet and contains almost the purest water. By unknown means, it remained filled for 25 million years, and in given time The lake contains 20 percent of the entire Earth.
Two thirds of the 1,700 species that call Baikal home cannot be found anywhere else in the world. It is not surprising that in 1996 the region was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
two in Braslav district and one each in Glubokoe, Polotsk and Rossony districts
Every year on March 22 the world celebrates World Day water resources. Already today, many regions of the world experience a shortage of fresh water. We don't notice this yet. Nature has generously endowed our country with surface and underground water resources.
A lake in the settlement of family estates “Zvon Gora”, which is 35 kilometers from Vitebsk. Photo by Svetlana Vasilyeva
Belarus is often called the country of lakes, and for good reason, because their total number exceeds 11 thousand. We decided to talk about 5 truly unique lakes in the Vitebsk region, each of which deserves to be known to everyone.
Southern Voloso - the deepest
In the Braslav region, Lake South Volos is located. This lake has unique characteristics: it is one of the deepest and cleanest in Belarus. Already at a depth of 1 meter, the gentle slope turns into a steep cliff.
If we add to this cold water with a high oxygen content, it becomes clear why in this reservoir you can still find relict species of crustaceans (related to Pontoporea, Pallas amphipod and others), which have lived in Southern Volos since the Ice Age, that is, already more than 9000 years.
Photo by Svetlana Vasilyeva
Drivyaty - the fishiest
The fifth largest in Belarus and, perhaps, the first in beauty, Lake Drivyaty is very popular among tourists and actually unites most of Braslav’s reservoirs into a single aquatic organism. on his south coast Braslav was founded north coast consists of glacial deposits that rise 20 meters above the water level. The depth in some places reaches 12 meters, which provides every opportunity for diving and surfing.
Since ancient times, this particular lake was considered the most fishy in the entire region. First of all, Drivyaty is famous for its catches of Braslav pike perch. Rare fish of the salmon family are also caught here: stink and selyava.
Lake Drivyaty. Photo photocentra.ru
The longest is the oldest
In the Glubokoe district there is Lake Dolgoe, whose maximum depth reaches 53.6 meters. If you look at the reservoir from a height, it will immediately become clear why it got its name: the average width of Dolgogo is almost 20 times less than its length.
This lake can also claim the title of the oldest in Belarus. During one of the underwater expeditions, a ledge was found, which, according to some experts, is the shore of a reservoir that existed in this place more than 12 thousand years ago, when a glacier still stood here.
Lake Long. Photo travel.me
The deepest is the purest
Despite its name, this lake, located in the Polotsk region, won the “cleanest” category. According to official data, the transparency of its water is 9.5 meters (it is at this depth that you can still see a special white disk, with which this indicator is measured).
It is not surprising that this lake is popular among Belarusian divers. However, the low content of mineral and organic impurities has a bad effect on the fauna of Glubokoye - it is poor in fish.
Photo by Svetlana Vasilyeva
Lakes are natural bodies of water formed in depressions on land that store 67.4% of all fresh water on Earth. The sizes and depths of lakes can be very different, and some of them are significantly superior to many seas in these indicators.
IN this review presented ten deepest lakes in the world.
10th place: – a lake of tectonic origin, located in the south of the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. Its depth is 590 meters. Matano is the deepest lake in Indonesia. Lake Matano is an important source of fresh water in Indonesia, famous for its crystal clear waters, which are home to many rare species of plants, fish and crustaceans. On its banks there are deposits of nickel ore. The Patea River has its source in Matano, which, flowing through a waterfall, flows into Lake Mahalona.
9th place: – crater lake, which has a depth of 594 meters. Crater - deepest lake in the USA and the second deepest in North America. This lake is the main attraction of the same name national park, located in Oregon. Crater Lake was formed in a deep volcanic basin (caldera) more than 7 thousand years ago due to the destruction of the Mount Mazama volcano. Thanks to the melting snow, the water in the lake is particularly clean and blue. Crater Lake has an unusual attraction - a huge log called the "Old Man of the Lake", which has been floating in a vertical position in the reservoir for more than a century. In 2005, Crater Lake was featured on the Oregon commemorative coin.
8th place: Great Slave Lake – the deepest lake in Canada and throughout North America . Its maximum depth reaches 614 meters. For eight months of the year, the surface of the lake is covered with ice, which in winter is so thick that it can support a heavy truck. In the 1930s, gold was discovered here, which led to the founding of the city of Yellowknife on the shores of the lake.
7th place: Issyk-Kul- it's salty closed lake in the northern part of the Tien Shan Mountains in Kyrgyzstan. The maximum depth of this deepest lake in Central Asia is 702 meters. From the Kyrgyz language “ysyk kel” is translated as “hot lake”. It received this name due to the fact that its brackish water does not freeze even in severe winters. Several interesting legends and stories are associated with Lake Issyk-Kul. According to one of them, an ancient Armenian monastery with the relics of St. Matthew is kept in the lake. Another legend says that it was in this place that Tamerlane’s warriors laid down their famous pyramids from stones. In 2006, traces were found at the bottom of the lake ancient civilization, which existed 2.5 thousand years ago.
6th place: Malawi(other name - Nyasa) is the southernmost lake of the East African Rift Valley, located between Mozambique, Malawi and Tanzania. This is the second deepest lake in Africa - its maximum depth is 706 meters. Malawi's tropical waters contain the greatest diversity of fish species of any lake on Earth. Scientists have concluded that over the past 100 thousand years the depth of the lake has decreased by more than 100 meters. The causes of water loss are surface evaporation (up to 80%) and the Shire River, flowing from the southern part of the lake.
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5th place: San Martin(other name - O'Higgins) is a fjord-shaped lake in Patagonia, located on the border of Argentina and Chile at an altitude of 250 meters above sea level. The area of the lake is 1058 km² and its depth is 836 meters. This deepest lake South America . In Argentina the lake is called San Martin, in Chile - O'Higgins. The lake is named after national heroes José de San Martin of Argentina and Bernardo O'Higgins of Chile, who fought together for the freedom of South America. The lake is fed by the waters of the Mayer River and small glacial streams, and flows into the Pascua River, which flows into Pacific Ocean. A unique feature of the lake is the milky blue hue of the water, which occurs due to particles of rock sediments that fall into the lake along with the meltwater of glaciers and settle on its bottom.
4th place: Caspian Sea – the largest endorheic lake on the planet with salt water, called the sea due to the fact that its base is made up of the earth's crust of the oceanic type. Located between Europe and Asia, the lake washes the shores of five countries - Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. The maximum depth of the Caspian Sea reaches 1025 meters, and its area is 371 thousand km². More than 130 rivers flow into the lake, the largest of which is the Volga. The Caspian Sea has a rich fauna - it is home to the Caspian seal, many sturgeon, and some species of fish are found only here. This huge body of water is a rich source of energy resources. Today, the total cost of oil and gas in the sea is 12 trillion. dollars.
3rd place: East – the deepest and largest of all subglacial lakes on Earth, covered with a thickness of ice of 4 kilometers. The unique reservoir is located in Antarctica, next to the Russian Antarctic station "Vostok", in honor of which it received its name. The estimated maximum depth of the lake is more than 1200 meters. The lake was opened in 1996. In February 2012, Russian scientists reached the surface of Lake Vostok, drilling into the ice shell of which lasted 20 years. Lake research can reveal a lot useful information world, because the conditions there are similar to those that existed many millions of years ago, and there is also an assumption that similar lakes exist on the satellites of Jupiter.
2nd place: Tanganyika- This deepest lake in Africa and the second deepest (1470 meters) in the world. It is also the first longest lake in the world (673 km), belonging to four countries - Tanzania, Congo, Burundi and Zambia. The lake is located in the deepest tectonic depression in Africa. It was discovered by chance in 1858 by British explorers John Speke and Richard Burton, who discovered it while searching for the source of the Nile. The lake is fed by several channels, and only one river flows out of it - Lukuga. Tanganyika is home to crocodiles, hippos, many waterfowl, and many unique fish species. After National Geographic magazine published a story about a 9-meter killer crocodile that caused the death of several dozen people, Lake Tanganyika has long been an object of special interest.
1st place: Baikal- This the deepest lake in Russia, Eurasia and the whole world, reaching a depth of 1642 meters. Located in the south of Eastern Siberia, the reservoir is the largest natural reservoir of fresh water - it stores 20% of the total supply of surface fresh water on the planet. The volume of water in Baikal is greater than in all US lakes combined. Baikal is also known as the most ancient lake on Earth, formed 25-35 million years ago, although lakes usually do not exist for more than 15 thousand years. Baikal is a unique ecosystem; about 1,700 species of flora and fauna live here, many of which are found nowhere else. The lake is included in the list of objects World Heritage UNESCO.
