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Anton Tarasov, historian: “At that moment, when Stalin was informed that Tamerlane’s grave had been opened and there was such a curse, he immediately gave the order to restore the grave, allocated money - about a million rubles, which in wartime was equal to the construction of several tanks or the supply of a large division. He gave the order to restore the grave as it was. In addition, at the same time as the miraculous icons, Tamerlane’s remains were transported by plane over all front lines, including over Stalingrad.”

Tamerlan found himself in his grave again on December 20, 1942. And two days later the news came about the beginning of the defeat of the Nazi troops at Stalingrad.

Near Veliky Novgorod rises a mysterious structure - Shum Mountain. It looks like a Slavic funeral hill - a mound in which princes were buried. But the hills have the shape of cones and are never found in the form of two-tier pyramids. Shum Mountain, according to legend, is considered the grave of Rurik, the founder of the first dynasty of Russian tsars. The name is associated with strange mournful sounds that sometimes come from its depths.

Tells Sergei Troyanovsky, head of the center for archaeological research: “It was believed that there was a temple inside Shum Mountain, and in the evening you could hear bell ringing emanating from the earth."

Geophysical research has shown that there are voids inside the mountain and underground passages. However, no one is in a hurry to excavate here. In 2003, a detachment of the St. Petersburg archaeological expedition found in the embankment amazing stone. When cleared, a trident was indicated on it, practically the same sign as on the seal of Rurik. Under the Tatar-Mongol yoke it was called tamga, that is, a kind of tribal sign. The stone was taken to St. Petersburg for research.

A report on the expedition's work was sent to Moscow. And a resolution came back: return the stone back, we don’t need a second Tamerlane... Official science considers the fact that the two-stage pyramid is related to Rurik unproven. But the famous artist Nicholas Roerich, whose family descends from the Rurikovichs, for some reason came to Shum Mountain and lived nearby for some time. And a strange thing is that excavations here are prohibited for the next hundred years.

Unfortunately, Russian chronicles earlier than the 9th century are almost all lost. But the Slavic cities had rich history. Archaeologist Sergei Troyanovsky, at excavations in the center of Veliky Novgorod, finds evidence every day that we know nothing about our ancestors. These lands were occupied by a developed civilization, and we don’t even remember the names of the ancient kings.

Sergei Troyanovsky convinced: “There was someone before Rurik. We know that the Novgorodians, before recognizing Rurik, drove out the other Varangians and refused to enter into trade relations with them. We will never know the names of these Varangians.”

Hyperborea - the cradle of humanity

Legends of all peoples of the world say that before the Great Flood the world was different. The cradle of human civilization - the country of Hyperborea - was located at the North Pole. Authentic maps of Hyperborea are known. A 1595 map, copied by Gerhard Mercator from even earlier sources, shows a round continent divided by four rivers, crowned by the Earth's Axis - main pyramid planets. Hindus call it Meru. After a large-scale planetary cataclysm, part of the continent went under water, and the remaining land above the water moved. Now this point is 12 degrees southwest of the North Pole, in eternal ice Greenland Islands. Remains of Hyperborea can also be found in the archipelagos White Sea, in Karelia and on the Kola Peninsula.

Scientists have found mysterious ancient structures - pyramids, labyrinths, megalithic buildings. Most of the traces were found on the islands of the Solovetsky and Kuzovsky archipelagos. For example, a mysterious stone throne 3.5 meters high. The one sitting on the throne faces south. This corresponds to the ancient tradition: the gods live in the north, where the axis of the world is, and the creature on the throne speaks on behalf of the gods...

Svetlana Zharnikova, ethnographer, candidate of historical sciences, believes: “It used to be believed that our entire territory was covered by a glacier. Today, any glaciologist will say that the border of the Valdai glacier did not go beyond the Mologo-Sheksninsky boundary. That is, the main territory of Eastern Europe at that time was optimal for human habitation, and the people who, according to anthropological data, came to the coast of the North Arctic Ocean 70,000 years ago, they didn’t leave here anywhere.”

Based on ancient documents, scientists today are drawing up a different map of the settlement of peoples. It will be able to explain many historical inconsistencies. After some global planetary cataclysm, Hyperborea went under water. The remaining lands froze. The surviving people headed south to look for territories with the favorable climate to which they were accustomed.

One branch went to India and remained there forever. It is known that in ancient language Hindus - Sanskrit - have many common words with Old Church Slavonic. On the other hand, in geographical names There are many words from the Russian North that are preserved in Sanskrit. Previously, scientists could not explain this in any way.

Another branch lingered in Ukraine and the northern Balkans - this is the so-called Trypillian culture. Another part moved east, to Altai. Further, the route of exodus of these peoples lay to the south.

The inhabitants of Hyperborea called themselves Aryans. They were blond and blue-eyed. French thinkers of the 18th century, who were members of the secret brotherhood of Freemasons, wrote that it was this northern people brought civilization to the world.

It all starts with the patriarchs of the North Pole. It was these tamers of the animal world, military engineers, irrigators, builders and wise priests, the likes of which mankind has never known, who gave people all their knowledge. European culture begins here.

And many centuries later, at the beginning of the 1st millennium AD, the capital of the empire of a mysterious people, whom contemporaries called the Huns, arose in the south of Russia. Today they are considered to be wild Asian barbarians who enslaved various tribes. But there are facts in favor of the fact that the Russian lands were never under the yoke of nomads. So who exactly were the Huns?

Exhibition of Huns' gold

There were legends about the enormous wealth of the Huns. Just think: the Romans themselves paid them tribute, giving them tons of gold every year! Why do nomadic savages, who supposedly did not need a developed economy and cultural life, need such wealth? Recently, the gold of the Huns was found in the very heart of Russia. A mound was excavated in Kursk where a wealthy Hunnic prince or commander was buried. Archaeologists saw gold and silver jewelry with precious stones, elements of clothing and harness.

Some of the things were not made of gold. The surprise of historians knew no bounds. The jewelry was made of copper and covered with gold foil, which is much more difficult to make! Scientists were shocked by the sword belt - on the outside it was richly embroidered with precious threads, and the part that was hidden under the cloak was made of ordinary bovine leather. But there were also real treasures in this burial - for example, weapons.

There were two blades in the burial, three fragments of one have survived. On one of the fragments the remains of a wooden scabbard were found, and on these scabbards there was preserved an imprint of the gold foil that decorated its outer side. The sword is made in the best traditions of ceremonial weapons. It is decorated with gold foil, mosaic inlay, and the handle is topped with an amber bead.

The question arises: if this Hun commander, who owned jewelry and weapons, was a passing nomad, how did he end up in these places? And why is there only one burial in the mound?

Olga Shcheglova, senior researcher at the Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences: “The first thought is that this is a visiting Hun who died there, in the depths of the forest. He was buried accordingly, with honors, with his weapons. And a set of his things related to the journey, and a rich weapon, were suddenly discovered in our Kursk region. Why so northern?

We know from school that our ancestors were pagans, worshiped stone idols, and had the vaguest idea about the forces of nature. And only Christianity, which came to our lands not so long ago, brought us to our senses and made us cultured and civilized people. However, is this so? There is almost no information left about the pre-Christian period; it was carefully destroyed, and in return we were offered a convenient fairy tale. The Magi - the bearers of spiritual knowledge - were cut out at the roots, and with them the traditions, culture, and the very history of our people disappeared.

As for the territory of the Russian North, it was always believed that this land was buried under ice, and it was impossible to live there. When the glaciers melted - and this happened about 8 thousand years ago - these territories were inhabited by Finno-Ugrians who came from beyond the Urals. They peacefully pursued their ancestral occupations of hunting, gathering and fishing. Their life, indeed, was quite simple, and their cultural knowledge fully corresponded to it. However, not everyone agrees with this official version.

The book “Paradise Found or the Life of Humanity at the North Pole,” written by the rector of Boston University in the mid-19th century, went through 10 editions, but was never translated into Russian. In his research, the author collected myths of many peoples - up to Central America and equatorial Africa - and came to the conclusion that paradise in all mythological systems was in the north.

At the beginning of the 20th century, some scientists undertook to dispel the hypothesis that our ancestors were Finno-Ugrians. For example, linguists have always been puzzled why Finno-Ugric words are practically absent in the Russian language. Anthropologists were surprised why the faces of the Northern Russians were completely different from the faces of their “ancestors.” Finno-Ugrians and northerners built their houses using different technologies. Even their national ornaments differed radically. And the names of rivers, villages, and lakes had nothing in common in the languages of both peoples.

Then paleoclimatologists got down to business. According to drilling data, they found that a hundred thousand years ago the northern territories were located in a fairly comfortable climate regime. There was no eternal ice, tundra vegetation, or even sub-zero temperatures. In those days the climate was the same as what we have now in the north of Spain or the south of France.

It seems that it was in such favorable conditions that the northern people were formed, who later became the progenitors of most nations. Indirect proof of this are the myths and legends of the Indo-Iranians and Aryans. This is what the ancient legends say.

“In the north, where there is a pure, beautiful, gentle and desirable world, in that part of the Earth that is the most beautiful and purest of all, live the great gods Kubena (the Kubena River flows through the Vologda region - ed.) - seven sages, the sons of the creator god Brahma , embodied in the seven stars of the Ursa Major. And finally, there is the ruler of the universe - Rudrahara, wearing light braids, with a light brown beard, the ancestor of all creatures.

To reach the world of the ancestral gods, one must overcome the great endless mountains that stretch from west to east. The sun makes its way around their golden peaks. Above them in the darkness shine the seven stars of the Big Dipper and the North Star, located motionless in the center of the universe. From these mountains all the great rivers of the earth flow down. Only one of them flows south to warm sea, and others to the north - to the white foam ocean. On the tops of these mountains the forests rustle, wonderful birds sing, wonderful animals live."

Ancient Greek authors also wrote about the great northern peoples. They often mentioned that great mountains stretched from east to west, representing the border of Scythia. The father of history, Herodotus, mentioned the distant mountains of the north. Aristotle also believed in the existence of the northern mountains, believing that all the rivers of Europe originate in them. Behind the northern mountains of Europe, ancient Roman and Greek geographers placed the Scythian and Great Northern Oceans.

In the language of the ancients, the cradle of civilization was called Hyperborea. And it was these mysterious mountains that confused scientists, not allowing them to determine its location. They could not be the Ural Mountains, since they stretch from south to north, and the ancient scriptures definitely say that the mountains resemble a curved bow and stretch from east to west.

Finally, a solution was found that seemed satisfactory to even the most persistent critics. The legends mention that the western point was Mount Ganghamadana. And such a mountain was found on the territory of modern Karelia, only the name changed slightly - Gandamadana. And the extreme eastern point was called Mount People, which is still called Narodnaya and is located in the Polar Urals. This means that ancient mountains have been found! Currently, little remains of their greatness; they represent only a chain of hills, which is called the Northern Ridges and is located on the East European Plain.

And once upon a time this ridge looked quite impressive and covered Hyperborea in a semi-ring, being a natural barrier and border. Now this place is Karelia, Kola Peninsula, Vologda, Arkhangelsk region and the Komi Republic. The northern part of Hyperborea rests at the bottom of the Barents Sea. The reality completely coincides with the stories from ancient legends!

There is another indirect evidence. Herodotus wrote about the absence of horns on the bulls that live near the Hyperborean mountains. He associated this fact with the very harsh climate of these places. So, hornless cattle, which have a high fat content in milk, are still common throughout the Russian North.

Having established the location of Hyperborea, the researchers decided to find out how the life of the people who inhabited this country turned out. Ancient Greece with its beautiful culture and deep philosophy is traditionally considered the beginning of Western civilization. Later the achievements of the Greeks were inherited Western Europe, and then they came to us. However, recent evidence suggests that the civilization of the ancient Greeks was “grown” by the Hyperborean, much more developed and ancient.

In the Russian North you can still find many patterns, which, according to experts, served as a kind of prototype for creating ornaments not only of Hindustan, but also of Ancient Greece. But what is most surprising is the similarity of the languages of peoples who are currently separated by large distances.

Tatyana Yakovlevna Elizarenkova, a translator of Rigveda hymns, claims that Vedic Sanskrit and the Russian language are most consistent with each other. Let's compare languages that seem so far from each other. “Uncle” - “dada”, “mother” - “matri”, “divo” - “divo”, “deva” - “devi”, “light” - “shveta”, “snow - snow”: here the first word is Russian , and the second is its analogue in Sanskrit. Examples can be given endlessly.

The territory of the former Hyperborea is currently a huge “blank spot”, devoid of settlements and roads. But it is there that you can find the knowledge of an ancient civilization, which became the ancestor of most peoples. So the expression “all men are brothers” has a very real basis.

Natalya Pavlovna Pavlishcheva

Aryan Hyperborea. Cradle of the Russian World

* * *

Dedicated to the blessed memory of a wonderful person, great scientist and most interesting interlocutor Svetlana Vasilievna Zharnikova

Introduction

Stones cannot fall from the sky, because there are no stones in the sky!” - a short and succinct resolution of the French Academy of Sciences on the message about the fall of a meteorite in 1768.

And really, can there be something that cannot be?

Non-Freudian slip

In the text you will find the word “Russians”. This is not a designation of nationality. I will try to prove that we are all - Khanty and Kamchadal, Pomors and Yakuts, Bashkirs and Chukchi, Tatars and Chechens, Don Cossacks and Karelians... including the Kyrgyz and Belarusians... and, of course, the Russians themselves - the descendants and heirs of the Great Hyperborea . In order not to write “descendants of the Hyperboreans” every other line, I will mean “Russians”.

This is not leavened patriotism, since the descendants of the Hyperboreans are not only Russians, but also all Indo-Aryans, and not only them. In our Hyperborean company, by the way, is the god Apollo himself. And Hercules. And Perseus cut off the head of the gorgon Medusa there. And Pythagoras was Hyperborean. And many, many more.

Are you against such a company? Personally, not at all.

But first we need to find Hyperborea itself.

What are we looking for?

Remember the nimble parrot from the cartoon:

- Yes, not here! Not here either! What are we looking for?

The 20th century passed under the sign of Atlantis and space. Moreover, the second could not overshadow the first. Only the lazy did not look for Atlantis. Placed anywhere and any way, without worrying about dimensions and logic - from Atlantic Ocean to the Black Bays or Mediterranean seas, forgetting that these seas were at the time the size of a plate. Well, okay, not the size of a plate, but a small basin, where, let alone Atlantis, the Isle of If would hardly fit.

In the 21st century, they are looking for Hyperborea - “The Land Beyond the North Wind” in the middle of the Arctic Ocean. Main proof of location ancient continent- Mercator map.

Somewhere beyond the north wind Boreas there existed a fabulously beautiful country, in the center of which was the main mountain of the world - Meru. The subsequent Greek Olympus is just a mound with teenagers playing gods. Meru was a mountain to all mountains! And the gods there are corresponding.

How is it known? From the numerous written evidence left by ancient authors. Not everyone calls the mountain that way, but the essence doesn’t change - there was an abode of the gods at the North Pole, but not everyone managed to get there (also logical, otherwise all sorts of non-gods will start wandering around, saying, I’ll just take a look... and they’ll trample down the grass themselves , they will leave behind dirty feet or, even worse, they will steal something).

And, of course, evidence from ancient historians. Here is a quote from Pliny the Elder’s “Natural History” (IV, 26): “Beyond these (Rhipaean) mountains, on the other side of Aquilon, a happy people (if you can believe it), which are called Hyperboreans, reach very advanced years and are glorified by wonderful legends. They believe that there are loops of the world and the extreme limits of the circulation of the luminaries. The sun shines there for six months, and this is only one day when the sun does not hide (as the ignorant would think) from the spring equinox to the autumn one, the luminaries there rise only once a year at the summer solstice, and set only at the winter solstice. This country is entirely sunny, has a favorable climate and is devoid of any harmful wind. The homes for these residents are groves and forests; the cult of the gods is carried out by individuals and the whole society; Discord and all sorts of diseases are unknown there. Death comes there only from satiety with life... One cannot doubt the existence of this people.”

Honestly speaking, the last phrase about the inadmissibility of doubts is what raises them. If such an authority is forced to demand unquestioning faith (but at the same time has many reservations), it means that there were doubters...

But in vain, by the way, because Hyperborea really did exist, but not there or not then.

By the way, why does Hyperborea mean “beyond the north wind”? Just because Boreas?

Why not behind the forest? This is not a forest now, but don’t understand what, it’s a mixture of a wide variety of trees from oaks and pines to rowan and bird cherry, but previously in most of Eurasia there were all forests ( pine forests, taiga) and oak forests. So why is Hyperborea behind the wind, and not behind the taiga, which was abundant in the North even when the rest of Europe was either subtropical or tundra?

The direction doesn’t change much, it’s still in the north, but at a distance this interpretation has a profound effect, it’s one thing - North wind, it’s completely different behind the taiga.

By the way, don’t be afraid of the taiga, these are the cleanest and richest forests. And not necessarily covered with snow to the tops of the pines.

The Mercator map was studied under a microscope and combined on computer screens with modern maps, not only physical ones, but also maps ocean depths, as a result, the bulk of researchers and simply curious people were divided into two camps.

One part believes that Mount Meru should be looked for at the current pole at the bottom of the Arctic, where the Lomonosov Ridge “bypasses” a neat gap, reminiscent of the caldera of an exploded volcano. At the same time, the former Hyperborea itself seems to be turned inside out (the greatest depths are in this area).

The second considers Greenland a quarter of Hyperborea and is ready to cede the honor of Mount Meru to a tiny mountain on the northwestern coast of the island.

And the truth, as usual, is somewhere in the middle.

Why are we looking?

Indeed, why do so many serious, busy people spend long months away from home, looking for some artifacts of the Hyperborean civilization, racking their brains over ancient maps or texts of ancient books, studying myths and ancient languages, arguing, and going on expeditions again?..

These people are looking for the truth, looking for traces of distant ancestors, trying to understand who we are and where we come from. And also to draw lessons from the fact of the death of ancient civilizations, so that the current one can learn something.

But there are completely different interests - those who need more than just traces ancient civilization and evidence of her achievements, and the achievements themselves are for very specific purposes. There are many more people who hope to obtain not just evidence of an ancient war using weapons unknown to us, but also to unravel the principle of operation of these weapons, and learn to influence the minds of people for their own purposes (not always humane and peace-loving). They are influential, well equipped and have sufficient funds for their quest. And there is no guarantee that they have not yet managed to find anything.

Perhaps this is why the heritage of the ancients is still closed to humanity, and why it is so difficult for expeditions to work?

The number of the first, those who have little interest in the technologies of ancient war and much stronger technologies of creation, is becoming more and more numerous in Russia every year. Every year expeditions are organized, scientific seminars and conferences are held, articles are written, books are published, films are made...

Who is looking and how are they looking?

It is impossible not only to talk about all those who care, but even to list them all, so I ask readers to be lenient if I don’t name someone, or mention them either at the beginning or later in the text. The main thing is their discoveries and conclusions.

Ancient historians placed blessed Hyperborea in the subpolar region above 60 degrees north latitude. It seems clear - this is the north of Russia and a little bit of Norway.

Little explored region, complete mysterious places, where anything can be hidden.

Mercator's map even places the four islands of Hyperborea at the North Pole, and Mount Meru - main mountain world - at the point where the meridians converge.

It would seem that the issue has been resolved - “look, Shura, look.” But it's not that simple. Here geologists enter into a dispute and prove that in the center of the Arctic Ocean, instead of submerged land, there is a real depression with a bottom that has never been on the surface of the water (except for the Lomonosov and Mendeleev ridges, but the ridges are not a continent).

But geologists are able to suggest where (and when!) the land shown on Mercator’s map could have existed in the Northern Hemisphere. And where (and when) Arctida could exist in this form.

One of the geologists interested in this topic is Alexander Viktorovich Koltypin, to whose data I will refer.

But an existing advanced civilization must certainly leave traces. They are searched for, found, studied and talked about.

Unfortunately, he passed away most interesting person and enthusiastic researcher Valery Nikitich Demin. But his work was continued, every year expeditions are organized not only to Karelia, the Kola Peninsula or Taimyr to search for new and new artifacts; traces of ancient civilizations have already been found throughout the country. Official science stubbornly ignores this, repeating only about antiquity Egyptian civilization. And, unfortunately, she’s not the only one. Even those who are ready to argue with official history about Egypt or the pyramids of the Indians do not want to recognize the prophets in their homeland, denying the man-made nature and antiquity of the same megaliths of Mountain Shoria.

Legends of all peoples of the world say that before the Great Flood the world was different. The cradle of human civilization - the country of Hyperborea - was located at the North Pole. Authentic maps of Hyperborea are known. The 1595 map, copied by Gerhard Mercator from even more ancient sources, depicts a round continent, divided by four rivers, which was crowned by the Earth's Axis - the main pyramid of the planet. Hindus call it Meru. After a large-scale planetary cataclysm, part of the continent went under water, and the remaining land above the water moved. Now this point is located 12 degrees southwest of the North Pole, in the eternal ice of the island of Greenland. Remains of Hyperborea can also be found in the White Sea archipelagos, Karelia and the Kola Peninsula.

Svetlana Zharnikova, ethnographer, candidate of historical sciences, believes: “It used to be believed that our entire territory was covered by a glacier. Today, any glaciologist will say that the border of the Valdai glacier did not go beyond the Mologo-Sheksninsky boundary. That is, the main territory of Eastern Europe at that time was optimal for human habitation, and the people who, according to anthropological data, came to the coast of the Arctic Ocean 70,000 years ago, did not leave here.”

One branch went to India and remained there forever. It is known that in the ancient language of the Hindus - Sanskrit - there are many words in common with Old Church Slavonic. On the other hand, the geographical names of the Russian North contain many words that have been preserved in Sanskrit. Previously, scientists could not explain this in any way.

The inhabitants of Hyperborea called themselves Aryans. They were blond and blue-eyed. French thinkers of the 18th century, who were members of the secret brotherhood of Freemasons, wrote that it was these northern people who brought civilization to the world.

Exhibition of Huns' gold

The question arises: if this Hun commander, who owned jewelry and weapons, was a passing nomad, how did he end up in these places? And why is there only one burial in the mound?

Olga Shcheglova, senior researcher at the Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences: “The first thought is that this is a visiting Hun who died there, in the depths of the forest. He was buried accordingly, with honors, with his weapons. And a set of his things related to the journey, and a wealth of weapons, were suddenly discovered in our Kursk region in a remarkable way. Why so northern?

Other finds, for example, in Lipetsk, showed that “this north,” to use the words of archaeologists, the Huns lived constantly. Several years ago in Lipetsk region discovered a whole chain of ancient settlements.

Whether the Huns founded these cities or came here when other tribes were already living here - it’s hard to say now. But historians are sure: in these places the mysterious warriors who conquered half the world were frequent guests.

While some jewelry can still be made in nomadic camps at the site of a temporary settlement, pottery production cannot be established there: this requires a permanently operating kiln, a nearby clay deposit, and a potter’s place of work. The same goes for iron mining. Therefore, nomads have always existed in symbiosis with sedentary peoples.

Perhaps such cities were important industrial bases or intermediate points on the route of armies or trade caravans. Historians have yet to understand which of the sedentary peoples inhabited them.

Andrey Oblomsky, leading employee of the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences: “We need to say a little about the nature of archeology itself as a science. The fact is that not a single shard, not a single thing says whether they are Slavic, Germanic, Finno-Ugric or anyone else. All this is the fruit of scientific reconstruction.”

It is the Huns, a mysterious people whose traces were lost in history 15 centuries ago, who can clarify many dark spots in Russian history.

Hun tribe

Attila - Russian prince?

One and a half thousand years ago, a tribe of Huns, who are considered to be wild nomads, appeared out of nowhere and just as mysteriously disappeared, passing through Eurasia in a swift whirlwind. In an incredible way, the Huns created one of the most powerful empires in human history, uniting different peoples. How did the barbarians manage to do this?

Sergey Trusov, historian, believes: “They were able to bring together huge crowds of people, and that’s what made them successful. They learned to manage genetically different tribes.”

Contemporaries believed that the Huns did not know how to speak or even walk, because they spent their entire lives in the saddle and even slept on horseback. But that’s what those who never met them said.

If they were as they are described - naked, dirty and living anywhere - how did they create very powerful states that united dozens of nations into different parts Sveta? The Huns amazed their contemporaries with their noble morals and the democracy that reigned among them.

And here is what the Byzantine ambassador Priisk Panisky wrote. In 449, he went to the Hun king Attila to negotiate the size of the Roman tribute. The diplomat was sure that he would see tents made of horsehide and unwashed horsemen. But the capital of the Huns amazed him. The city was located across three rivers northeast of the Danube and was built of wood. The royal palace with carved towers rose on the mountain. Guests were greeted with bread and salt, honey and kvass. And girls in long dresses danced in circles, celebrating the arrival of guests... Is this a familiar description? All these are rituals close to us, similar to Slavic ones.

It is known that Attila was from the Volga. His country was called Bulyar, and it was founded by Attila's great-grandfather, King Balamber. Some historians read his name as Vladimir. Attila's brother's name was Bled, which sometimes sounds like Vlad. And in the ancient Bulgarian chronicle “Gazi-Baraj Tarikha” the real name of Attila himself is written - Mstislav. The chronicles clearly indicate that the basis of Attila’s invincible army was the Slavs. Therefore, many researchers believe that Attila’s state was not only Hunnic, but also Slavic.

Attila led the Huns in 443 and began to rapidly expand his possessions: in some places by fire and sword, in others by political marriages. Legends say that Attila had 300 wives and 1000 children. While still a prince, he married several Hun princesses, legitimizing his rights to their lands. And then, having mastered each new territory, Attila took the heiress of the family as his wife. He loved to play weddings. Many aristocrats sought to give their daughter to “the king of kings himself.” European countries. Strange for a barbarian leader, isn't it? It is unlikely that the daughters of the nobility would be sent to the bare expanses of the steppe.

Roman historians, who often never even saw Attila, describe him as follows: small eyes, a flattened nose, a thin gray beard... and in general - a disgusting savage. Of course, by that time the Emperor of the Huns was not young. But outwardly, the ruler of the imaginary nomads was far from Asian. If genetically he was not a Slav, then everything Slavic was clearly not alien to him.

Chroniclers testify: Attila's people had mostly blond hair and blue eyes. The Hun Empire extended from Hungary to China. And this data may explain the mysterious discovery of archaeologists in the Gobi Desert. Fifty years ago, the tombs of Chinese aristocrats were discovered here. The time of the 4th–5th centuries was the heyday of the Hunnic Empire. The mummies are so well preserved that the color of their skin and hair is visible. And here’s what’s surprising: these women had European appearance!

Svetlana Zharnikova, ethnographer, candidate of historical sciences : “This is completely normal. After all, the same Genghis Khan was blue-eyed and blond and was very sincerely surprised when one of his grandchildren was born black-eyed. I was shocked while reading the Altai epic “Maadai-Kara”, which describes the hero, the ancestor of the Altai peoples, and says: ”In a thick beard, the face is whiter than silver, the eyes are two blue stars, between them is a nose as straight as a mountain. „».

The Byzantine diplomat Priysk Panisky calls the people of Attila “Unns”. This word is of Slavic origin. Even in The Tale of Bygone Years the expression “dull” is found - that is, young, young. This was the name given to the squad of young warriors - younger sons who, lacking an inheritance, went to foreign lands for a better life.

Svetlana Zharnikova believes that “There is no difference between the Russians and the Huns, between the Russians, Slavs and Unns. These are different names for the same thing.”

Other sources - Scandinavian legends - describe wars with the Unns and Russians, who were constant allies with each other. The Unns lived where the Arkhangelsk region is located today. This is also evidenced by the geographical names: two rivers of Unna, Lake Unno, Unsky Bay, Unskaya Bay. It seems that the Russians and the Unns were the two strongest and oldest Slavic tribes. Perhaps further research will even establish that the Russians and the Unns constitute the same tribe and that the name “Unns” is the same common noun as the name “Slavs,” i.e., “glorious.”

It is unknown what language the Huns spoke. It is believed that they did not have their own writing. In fact, historians are not sure which ancient texts can be called Hunnic. But the chronicle of Attila's burial contains sensational data. Perhaps this is the oldest Slavic document!

We meet the first recorded Slavic words precisely in the story of the death of Attila and his burial, in the place of which a river was opened. A feast was arranged, called “strava” in the chronicle. This is a Slavic word. And at this feast, representatives of the entire motley horde drank a drink called “medos”. It is clear what it was made of - and this is also a Slavic word.

New data changes everything ancient history humanity. One and a half thousand years ago, the empire of a people called the Huns united hundreds of tribes on the continent. The Hun army reached the Danube and stopped in Hungary. Attila died here, and from here the collapse of his empire began. This mysterious people stayed in Europe for only about 70 years. A meager period of time, by the standards of history. However, during this time it was redrawn political map peace. And the military elite of the Huns, led by Attila, managed to become related to almost the entire European nobility.

The crown of the Hungarian kings still keeps one an ancient riddle. Since ancient times, it was she, and not the king, who was the source of power in the Hungarian kingdom. She was kidnapped many times, buried in the ground, lost and found again. This regalia was made in 1000 and was placed by Pope Sylvester II on the head of the Hungarian king Stephen the Saint. The cross on the crown is beveled - and this is not accidental. The angle is exactly 23.5 degrees. This - the amount of inclination of the earth's axis to the planet's equator. How could people know this in the 11th century? And does this mean that the creators of the crown - the descendants of the Huns - kept the secret knowledge of an ancient, perhaps unknown, highly developed civilization?..

Xiongnu tribe

Russians in the Middle Kingdom

Three centuries BC, long before Attila's empire, nomads lived in the east of Eurasia and made daring raids on China. For several centuries in a row, these people even kept the Celestial Empire in fear and forced them to pay tribute. In ancient manuscripts this tribe is called the Xiongnu.

Tells Prokopiy Konovalov, leading researcher at the Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetological Studies: “The Xiongnu originated in the south of Central Asia. More precisely, these are the northern reaches of China, Northern China and the south of modern Manchuria. This is the area where the Xiongnu culture was first formed.”

Chroniclers of China, which has always been dissatisfied with its proximity to nomads, describe them as semi-wild and bestial creatures. But in those days it was customary to speak of enemies as barbarians, attributing to them all possible shortcomings. And the main insult was to compare a person with a beast.

However, one should not assume that the Xiongnu were completely savage - after all, to fight these naked crazy nomads, the ancient Chinese built the Great Chinese wall, which is visible from space. Apparently, they were so afraid of them and considered them such serious enemies that they had to build this incredible architectural structure.

The Xiongnu quite successfully plundered Chinese territories. The turn of our era is a difficult time for Ancient China. The country was split into parts by constant internecine wars. The Xiongnu, who even then had a strong state, took advantage of this.

Alexander Karabaev, orientalist, leading researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, believes: “They had an imperial type of statehood, but it only had specifics due to the characteristics of their nomadic civilization. Nevertheless, it must be said that the conventionally called empire of the Xiongnu [the ancestors of the Xiongnu] was not just some kind of tribal association.”

The Hunnic Shanyu - generals - demanded Chinese princesses as wives, which meant recognition of them as equals. They didn't dare refuse. But each such wedding was mourned in the palaces of the Celestial Empire more than mass funerals. Young aristocrats had to exchange silk outfits for coarse fabric or horsehide, and elegant palaces and calligraphy and art classes for the primitive life of a savage. But this was big politics, where sometimes lesser sacrifices were made.

In September 199 BC, Chinese diplomat Lou Jing proposed to Emperor Liu Bang a plan for a long-term settlement of the Xiongnu problem: to give the emperor's eldest daughter as a wife to the chief Shanyu Mode. By right of birth, she will become the main wife of the Xiongnu ruler, and her son will become the heir to the throne. And the grandson will never go against his grandfather... Emperor Liu Bang approved of the intrigue, but he felt sorry for his daughter. The empress, who had only one daughter, cried the most, day and night. The cunning emperor found another girl, from a simple family, and declared him his daughter, after which the named princess was escorted to the groom's house with great honor.

Over time, to counteract the raids, the Chinese set out to unify the empire. This marked the beginning of the decline of the Xiongnu state. Now the nomadic army had to deal with a well-trained Chinese army. The Xiongnu suffered defeat after defeat.

Tells NikolaiNikolaev, employee of the Department of Archeology of Eastern Europe, Siberia, State Hermitage: “A ruler of the southern Xiongnu appears who is absolutely loyal to China and is its vassal. The Northern Xiongnu are irreconcilable opponents, behaving absolutely uncompromisingly in relation to the empire. But a coalition is formed against the northern Xiongnu, as a result of which the remnants of the former empire simply cease to exist.”

Part of the Xiongnu people submitted to China. But the majority of warriors, accustomed to a free life, preferred wandering to slavery. To maintain freedom, they have to break away from familiar places. Everyone was gathered for the journey: women, children, old people...

Pavel Zariffulin, director of the Moscow Lev Gumilyov Center convinced: “The nomads could not tolerate suppression, they could not tolerate occupation. They simply moved partly to Semirechye, that is, to modern Kazakhstan, where the city of Almaty is. And the other part of the horde made some incredible leap to completely unknown and clearly inhospitable lands. And after them came the Symbian and Chinese cavalry, which finished off all the tired and fallen.”

After the defeat and flight from the Chinese, the Xiongnu lost their fertile lands, and therefore the opportunity to graze livestock. They moved further and further to the West in search of better conditions.

Modern Buryats are sure: they are descendants of a tribe of ancient nomads.

Tells Oleg Butulov, head of the International Hun Foundation: “I belong to the Bulagat tribe. I say: “I am a Xiongnu of the Bulagat tribe...” In the West they call us Huns, the Chinese call us Xiongnu. But we ourselves have always called ourselves Xiongnu since ancient times.”

The ancient traditions of the Xiongnu were preserved in their purest form by Buryat shamans. It seems that the mysterious people knew how to control the forces of nature. As can be seen from ancient texts, the riders of this nomadic tribe were faster than the wind, more dangerous than fire and more elusive than water. No one knew where the Xiongnu warriors were going and when they would come again. Not a single Chinese saw their settlements. This gave rise to legends that nomads do not build houses and are even afraid of any buildings, like tombs.

On the territory of Russia, in Buryatia, more than 2000 years ago there stood the city of Suzha. It was a fairly large settlement, with workshops, a burial ground and even a defensive system. Those who erected these structures, apparently, planned to settle here for a long time.

Denis Migyashev, archaeologist, explains: “The place, which at first glance seems like an ordinary field, is in fact a world famous fortification. The Ivolginskoye fortified site of the Xiongnu has a rectangular shape; it extends 300 meters from north to south and 250 meters from west to east. There were dwellings of the dugout and semi-dugout types, and only two of the above-ground type. This was probably the ruler's house; it was large in size. The dugouts had a unique heating system - “kan”. The dwelling was built in such a pit in the ground, buried to a depth of one and a half meters. A fireplace was built in the northwestern corner, and chimney channels made of stone slabs ran from it along the walls.”

Archaeologists have found similar settlements on the territory of Mongolia. Based on the items found in the burial grounds, historians determined that they belonged to the Xiongnu. The find changed all ideas about this people. Capital buildings, workshops, numerous utensils... This refutes the assertion that the Xiongnu were an exclusively nomadic tribe and rarely stayed anywhere for long.

Tells Nikolay Nikolaev: “When we suddenly received archaeological evidence that there were settlement centers, there was some confusion in our understanding. Because they are supposed to be nomads, and they have settlement centers.”

Perhaps representatives of other conquered cultures introduced elements of settled life into the life of the Xiongnu. They were more accustomed to living and working in one place, providing the so-called rear. And besides, such a city - such as Suzha - had important strategic and military significance. A well-protected settlement with developed industry was simply necessary for a state that was in a state of perpetual war.

Here they farmed and supplied food to the army, which was constantly at war with China. There were many artisans in the city - they may have made weapons, which were also used to supply the army.

Today, historians are trying to recreate the appearance of the fortified city of Suzha in the form in which it was built more than 2,000 years ago. The layout is already ready, construction is about to begin. But, despite the conditions for a settled life, people for some reason left the city. Scientists will still have to puzzle over this mystery. WITH it is read that at this time the Great March to the West began - a road half a millennium long. Yes, during this time the Xiongnu could have mixed with local population and change a lot. But southeastern genes are stronger. In the marriage of a Chinese man with a European woman, a Chinese man will still be born. Therefore, a number of researchers today are asking the question: maybe the Eastern Xiongnu and Western Huns are related? And is it possible that the ancestors of the Slavs kept one of the most powerful empires of antiquity - China - in fear?

Nikolaev believes: “These are two different stories. The archaeological material that we have at our disposal does not provide grounds for direct parallels. We can say that carriers of the Xiongnu culture appear on the territory of Tuva and Altai. This historical fact. In my opinion, there is no reason to talk about the Xiongnu advancing further than this territory.”

But where do the fair-haired and blue-eyed people in the original Chinese villages come from? For example, the village of Liqian, where the blond “Chinese” live, is located in northwestern China, on the edge of the Gobi Desert. Not far from here, burials of ancient mummies with a European appearance were found. Many residents of Liqian have blue or green eyes, long noses and even blond hair... Genetic tests have already been done for a number of such residents. The results confirmed the European origin of 56% of the residents.

Andrey Tyunyaev, President of the Academy of Basic Sciences: “This haplogroup marks the Caucasian population. According to some studies, it is tied directly to Europe, according to other studies, it is attributed, for example, to Altai.”

Chinese chronicles contain stories of blue-eyed, blond-haired men who were the creators of Buddhism and the first leaders and organizers of Chinese society. They came from the north to Northern China. Today scientists have no doubt that these were the ancestors of the Slavs. They reached China and there, naturally, mixed with the local population. This is not a one-time process, not a year or two, it lasted for a century.

An ancient Chinese legend says: civilization began with the White God named Huang Di, or the Yellow Emperor, flying to them from the north on a heavenly chariot, who taught people everything from cultivating rice fields and building dams on rivers to hieroglyphic writing. The hieroglyphs were transmitted to the Chinese by a representative of a highly developed civilization located to the north of Ancient China. The appearance of the Yellow Emperor is recorded in chronicles and dates back to the 3rd century BC. The very height of the war with the Xiongnu. Perhaps, in fact, the battles did not end in victory for the Chinese, and no one drove out the Xiongnu nomads. And in the chronicles they wrote down what the authorities needed.

Genetic analysis of remains in ancient burials of the Xiongnu era in northern China shows that all these people belong to the so-called R1B1A2 haplotype. But this is the Russian genetic code! The civilization of Northern China was formed by people of the European race, whose genetic marker is the same as that of the population of the Tver or Ivanovo regions.

Andrey Tyunyaev explains: “Haplogroup R1B1, which we are talking about now, just refers to the southern root of the Russian people, it is an Atlantic haplogroup, as it is called. And the sister group R1A1 is called Hyperborean, northern.”

It is still impossible to say with certainty who the Huns or their historical counterparts, the Xiongnu, were. They did not keep chronicles and biographies of their own rulers, did not create works of art telling about their exploits and campaigns... Or maybe they did - but we most likely know them under other names.

Pavel Zariffulin, director of the Moscow Lev Gumilyov Center, believes: “They pushed the Great Migration of Peoples, but were not subject to its strict authority, but followed their own path, perceiving life as a path, as energy, as endless light. That's why they appeared and disappeared. And we can only talk endlessly about them as a heroic, ancient, magnificent people, worthy of admiration.”

There are more legends about the Huns than reliable evidence. Whoever the Huns were, today for us they are only a shadow of a great power that stretches from Mongolian steppes to the Belovezhskaya forests. And along the contours of this shadow we are trying to recreate the true story.

Chapter 9

China: Between past and future

The mysteries of Ancient China never cease to amaze even the most experienced archaeologists. Here is one of them, which became known quite recently. Lake Fushian Hu is one of the largest in China. It is compared to Russian Baikal. The length of the reservoir is 35 kilometers, width is seven kilometers, depth in some places reaches 180 meters. This lake has been revered since ancient times. According to local legends, in ancient times, at its bottom there was a golden city in which people lived, sometimes going out onto land.

"Atlantis" of Ancient China

For many years this folk legend was considered fiction. But recently it turned out that the legends may be somewhat true. In 2006, the Chinese military decided to test new underwater equipment here - echo and sonar. With their help, we began to explore the bottom. Unexpectedly, the instrument data showed: at a depth of 80 meters there is a cluster of underwater buildings, shaped like giant pyramids... After a more thorough study, something completely incredible was revealed: there really is an entire city under water.

He remembers what he saw Leonid Gavrilov, oceanologist, member of the expedition to Lake Fushian-Hu: “The place is not easy, it is located at an altitude of almost two kilometers above sea level. This makes it difficult to do normal dives using bottled air. I had to prepare for a long time. One of the buildings was rectangular - like looking at a pyramid from above. Taken by sonar, this is exactly what it looked like. An ordinary pyramid is a tetrahedron. And here was half. A wall that ran smoothly, in steps. In addition to the pyramid, there is also a “Colosseum” - a kind of round amphitheater, presumably for theatrical performances. That is, at that time it was a fairly developed city, protected, built by a good architect and builder. Because it’s not easy to move such blocks – we don’t know many places where this is possible. This huge step pyramid-staircase is similar in size to the Mexican one. Now we can definitely say this, since the distance to each step is known.”

Leftovers underground city at the bottom of Lake Fushian Hu

Experts have established that the ancient buildings are quite large and consist of huge stone blocks with a side length of three to five meters. According to scientists, the mysterious structures are located at a depth of approximately 90 meters. It is very problematic for a person to dive there even with scuba diving. Archaeologists crossed the 70-meter mark and were able to see only the tops of the buildings of the ancient city and take pictures of them. The divers were unable to dive to the base of the buildings. But they managed to bring to the surface several objects proving that once upon a time there really was a city under water in which people lived. According to Chinese scientists, it was built approximately 12,000 years ago.

Some researchers believe that the city has always been at the bottom of the lake and underwater people lived there. After all, it is about them that ancient legends tell. However, the majority thinks differently. They believe that the city used to be on land and sank into water as a result of earthquakes.

There may have even been two earthquakes: one occurred 1500-2000 years ago, and the second much earlier - the exact date is not known, but, according to various sources, from 6000 to 7000 years could have passed since then. One can hypothesize that it was the Great Flood, because there are no other similar events in history, when water washes away everything at one moment. This means that the building blocks of the underwater city were scattered either by an earthquake or by a strong mudflow.

If the assumptions are confirmed and the oldest unexplored pyramids are actually found at the bottom of Lake Fushian Hu, this will mean that 12,000 years ago there was a supercivilization on Earth capable of building pyramids.

Leonid Gavrilov: “Chinese archaeologists unofficially said that they had never encountered anything like this in their culture. The archaeologists who spoke to us said: they do not believe that this culture belongs to China, the civilization that formed 5,000 years ago. To Chinese history this stone city It has nothing to do with this incomprehensible staircase, because there is nothing to compare them with. IN Chinese culture there are no cities built according to this type.”

Here's what he said researcher of ancient civilizations Philip Coppens: “Undoubtedly, the pyramids were built over water, and the reason for their being under it was due to rising sea levels or some kind of national disaster. In cases where the pyramids are in the sea, we can say that they are tens of thousands of years old, that is, they were built before the last Ice Age."

But another discovery caused a real sensation - “cosmic disks” made of jasper. They were found in Tibet by Oxford professor Caryl Robin-Evans back in 1947. Then the scientist traveled through China and came across the mysterious Dropa people. In his burials, round thin disks of jasper were discovered, with holes in the center and strange grooves along the edges. It was they who gave researchers the idea that the discs were something like ancient records on which music or some information could be recorded.

Jasper disc

Alexey Maslov, director of the Center for Strategic Studies of China at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, opines: “The history of Tibet, of course, is largely mystified and mythologized. A certain supernatural ancient energy is attributed to Tibet, not because this place is, say, more ancient than China or than India, but because it is less studied and a variety of rumors can be attributed. Therefore, when disks with writings were found in Tibet, they immediately believed that this was confirmation of the antiquity of Tibetan civilization.”

Some claim that Chinese jasper discs had completely inexplicable qualities. With the help of special instruments it was possible to establish that they produced strange vibrations. But the most mysterious thing was not even this, but the mysterious symbols. Chinese scientists tried to decipher them for several decades, and in the early 1970s they finally succeeded. The results shocked the world. According to archaeologists at the Beijing Academy of Sciences, the disks contained encrypted messages describing various space objects. Of course, it’s not easy to believe this - after all, the finds date back to the 10th century BC!

Hartwig Hausdorff, historian: “If this is really true, then such a find could change our understanding of the ancient civilizations that lived in these places thousands of years ago. Just think what knowledge those people must have had!”

Unfortunately, it is now impossible to verify the authenticity of the disks and inscriptions - the artifacts were stolen. Today one can only guess about their approximate location. It should be taken into account that some of the valuables were exported to Taiwan after 1949. Perhaps some of the most famous exhibits related to painting, archeology and bronze went there. Fortunately, during the “cultural revolution” the most interesting bronze complex in China and the mysterious images of strange creatures - people of an incomprehensible anthropological type - were not damaged. But today these finds are not exhibited in museums.

In China, people have actually made disks from jasper since ancient times. The approximate age of these finds is 5500 years. Such discs are not uncommon for Neolithic strata, however, they did not vibrate and had more primitive decorations without inscriptions. They were called "bi". Presumably, they symbolized heaven, and were of great value. Only noble people could afford such jewelry, which, by the way, was buried with the owner. In the chronicles there are indications that the defeated governor handed over his disk to the winner as a sign of submission. But scientists still cannot fully understand the specific meaning of these objects, because there are no written sources from the Neolithic times left. Most likely, the discs really were of a ritual nature, personifying heaven and earth, protecting against evil spirits and giving good luck to their owner even in the afterlife.

Amazing underwater city

Recently, Chinese archaeologists discovered a unique city with a thousand-year history in the east of the country. Majestic palaces and the temples simply amazed the scientists. But it’s not easy to admire them; to do this, you must first dive to a depth of 30 meters, because the unique city is located under water. How did it happen that it ended up at the bottom, and could intelligent underwater creatures have built it?

Eastern Chinese province of Zhejiang, Tzendao Lake. Today this is one of the most scenic spots Celestial Empire. Thousands of people come here every day to admire the beautiful water landscapes, temples and enjoy the parks that are spread across numerous islands. Until recently, few tourists knew that the real treasure of these places was hidden under this blue surface. At the bottom of Lake Tzendao is ancient city– the city of Leo, which was built more than a thousand years ago.

In 2011, sensational news about the existence of an underwater city excited the entire Celestial Empire. It was discovered completely by accident. Amateur divers dived into the lake and explored the bottom, and then it turned out that at a depth of 40 meters there were incredible ruins - massive walls of temples, halls of palaces, large houses.

Secrets of the Celestial Empire [Everything you need to know about China] Prokopenko Igor Stanislavovich

Hyperborea - the cradle of humanity

Legends of all peoples of the world say that before the Great Flood the world was different. The cradle of human civilization - the country of Hyperborea - was located at the North Pole. Authentic maps of Hyperborea are known. The 1595 map, copied by Gerhard Mercator from even more ancient sources, depicts a round continent, divided by four rivers, which was crowned by the Earth's Axis - the main pyramid of the planet. Hindus call it Meru. After a large-scale planetary cataclysm, part of the continent went under water, and the remaining land above the water moved. Now this point is located 12 degrees southwest of the North Pole, in the eternal ice of the island of Greenland. Remains of Hyperborea can also be found in the White Sea archipelagos, Karelia and the Kola Peninsula.

Svetlana Zharnikova, ethnographer, candidate of historical sciences, believes: “It used to be believed that our entire territory was covered by a glacier. Today, any glaciologist will say that the border of the Valdai glacier did not go beyond the Mologo-Sheksninsky boundary. That is, the main territory of Eastern Europe at that time was optimal for human habitation, and the people who, according to anthropological data, came to the coast of the Arctic Ocean 70,000 years ago, did not leave here.”

The inhabitants of Hyperborea called themselves Aryans. They were blond and blue-eyed. French thinkers of the 18th century, who were members of the secret brotherhood of Freemasons, wrote that it was these northern people who brought civilization to the world.

Exhibition of Huns' gold

The question arises: if this Hun commander, who owned jewelry and weapons, was a passing nomad, how did he end up in these places? And why is there only one burial in the mound?

Olga Shcheglova, senior researcher at the Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences: “The first thought is that this is a visiting Hun who died there, in the depths of the forest. He was buried accordingly, with honors, with his weapons. And a set of his things related to the journey, and a wealth of weapons, were suddenly discovered in our Kursk region in a remarkable way. Why so northern?

Other finds, for example, in Lipetsk, showed that “this north,” to use the words of archaeologists, the Huns lived constantly. Several years ago, a whole chain of ancient settlements was discovered in the Lipetsk region.

Perhaps such cities were important industrial bases or intermediate points on the route of armies or trade caravans. Historians have yet to understand which of the sedentary peoples inhabited them.

It is the Huns, a mysterious people whose traces were lost in history 15 centuries ago, who can clarify many dark spots in Russian history.

Hun tribe

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