Sights of the Golden Ring of Russia. Short story Pereslavl-Zalessky. What to see in Pereslavl in 1-2 days. The main attractions of Pereslavl-Zalessky. Photo. Description. Addresses. Museums, churches, monasteries of Pereslavl-Zalessky. Boat of Peter the Great.

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Pereslavl-Zalessky. Brief history and main attractions of Pereslavl.

Yaroslavl region | Population: 48 thousand people. | From Moscow: 142 km

Pereslavl-Zalessky- an ancient Russian city located on the shore Lake Pleshcheyevo. The names of Yuri Dolgoruky, Alexander Nevsky, Ivan the Terrible, and Peter I are associated with these regions. coat of arms The city depicts a vendace fish; since the 15th century the city was supposed to supply it to the court of the Moscow princes.

In the year of the founding of Pereslavl, a white stone Spaso-Preobrazhensky
Cathedral- the main attraction of the city. This is one of ancient temples Russia,
it served as a tomb for the Pereslavl princes. In the Transfiguration Cathedral,
in 1220 the prince was baptized Alexander Nevskiy- a native of Pereslavl.

The city has preserved many ancient buildings: churches,
five active monasteries, ramparts. Pereslavl
-Zalessky is one of the 8 cities that was included in
1960s in route " Golden ring».

Finno-Ugric tribes lived on the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo.
In the 8th century, the Slavs appeared here and founded a settlement
Kleschin. IN 1152 Yuri Dolgoruky pawned Pereyaslavl
(precisely with the letter “I”, over time it was “lost”), called
in honor of the city of the same name in what is now Ukraine. Zalessky meant - in the lands beyond the forests, now these areas are exactly covered by the Golden Ring route.

IN different years, there were about 50 monasteries in and around Pereslavl. Has survived to this day five monasteries. The most ancient - Nikitsky, in honor of the Great Martyr Nikita, was founded in the 11th century. And he became famous thanks to the hermit St. Nikita the Stylite, who spent his life in a stone pillar, chained in chains. Before the relics of St. Nikita, Ivan the Terrible prayed for an heir, and when his son was born
Ivan, he ordered the construction of a new Nikitsky Cathedral and walls.

IN 1238 Pereslavl-Zalessky was devastated by the Golden Horde. In total, during the Tatar-Mongol yoke the city was destroyed eight times. In 1302, Pereslavl became an ally of the rising Moscow, and later became part of the Moscow principality.

Dormition Goritsky Monastery was founded on a low mountain (goritsa). In 1382, the monastery was destroyed by Khan Tokhtamysh. Miraculously, Princess Evdokia, the wife of Dmitry Donskoy, who was then in the monastery, managed to avoid death. She and several townspeople escaped on rafts, floating to the middle of the lake. Works on the territory of the monastery Pereslavl Museum-Reserve- one of the largest provincial museums in Russia.

There is an opinion that Ivan the Terrible considered the Nikitsky Monastery as a place where he was going to move along with the oprichnina court, but in the end he chose Alexandrov. Among the guardsmen there were many people from Pereslavl, one of them, known for his cruelty, Malyuta Skuratov.

Feodorovsky Monastery was founded in 1304. The Fedorovsky Cathedral of the monastery was built in honor of the birth of the son of Ivan the Terrible - Fedor. At the entrance, from Moscow, stands the Fedorovskaya Chapel (“ Cross"), according to legend, Fyodor was born in this place.

Many private themed events are open for guests of Pereslavl. museums with original exhibitions. There are museums here dedicated to sewing machines, gramophones, radios, irons, the history of money, Russian ingenuity, etc. In the village. Talitsa is a museum,
where a section of a narrow-gauge railway with a collection of railway and automobile equipment has been preserved.

The "youngest" - Trinity-Danilov Monastery was founded by the monk Daniel in 1506. It was built with the money of Prince Vasily III. Daniel baptized the children of the Grand Duke, including Ivan, the future Terrible.

Pereslavl is the cradle of the Russian fleet. In 1689, with the direct participation of young Peter I, the first ships were launched onto the waters of Lake Pleshcheevo " funny flotilla" Three years later, the “amusing fleet” consisted of about a hundred ships, the largest “Mars” had more than 30 guns.

The boot has survived to this day "Fortune". Rest
the ships (more than 80) were burned in a fire in 1783. "Fortune"
survived because it was stored separately. For the 7-meter boat, through the efforts of the local nobility, it was built
building - it has survived to this day. The boat is the main exhibition museum-estate "Boat of Peter I".
(Veskovo village, museumpereslavl.ru)

In the 18th century, Pereslavl became a district town of the Moscow province. Further
it was part of the Vladimir province and the Ivanovo region, and since 1936 became
one of the cities Yaroslavl region.

For the defense of the city they were poured earthworks, which have survived to this day. Their length is more than
2 km, the height of the shafts is about 10-12 m. Pereslavl was the most
Big city North-Eastern Rus' of that time.

Yury Dolgoruky

Nikolsky Monastery was founded in 1350 by Dmitry Prilutsky, a student of Sergius of Radonezh. The two main buildings of the monastery - St. Nicholas Cathedral and the bell tower were destroyed; the existing ones were erected today. The main shrine of the monastery is the Korsun Cross. One of the ten crosses that Prince Vladimir brought to Rus' from Korsun.

Monasteries of Pereslavl-Zalessky

Nikitsky Monastery

Nikitsky
monastery

Museum
"Boat of Peter I"

Dormition Goritsky Monastery / Museum-Reserve

Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery

St. Nicholas convent

Feodorovskaya Chapel ("Cross")

Map of Pereslavl-Zalessky with the main attractions

Church of the Forty Martyrs

Feodorovsky Convent

Pereslavl-Zalessky is the city of the Golden Ring of Russia. It is located on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo near a tributary of the Trubezh River in the Yaroslavl region, 140 km northeast of Moscow and 120 km south of Yaroslavl. The area is 23 sq. km, population – 39 thousand people (2017)

Every year, about 300 thousand people come to the city for tourism purposes. Most of these are Russian travelers, since the city has a rich historical heritage and meaning. It is there that you can find rare examples of ancient Russian architecture, ancient Orthodox shrines, preserved ancient houses and other architectural monuments. The city is attractive for its beautiful natural landscapes, well-groomed conditions and comfort.

Pereslavl Zalessky History

In 1152, in North-Eastern Rus' in Zalesye, an area of ​​fields and agriculture, the city of Pereyaslavl was founded by Yuri Dolgoruky. Modern name the city received in the 15th century.
Pereslavl-Zalessky is the city where Alexander Nevsky was born.
In the 13th century the city suffered constant robberies and fires.
In 1302, according to the will of Prince Ivan Dmitry, the city went to the Principality of Moscow. It becomes an important trading point on the Moscow-Arkhangelsk highway, as well as the second religious capital of Rus', from which many famous saints and Orthodox figures originated.

Next, Pereslavl-Zalessky receives rapid development as a craft and shopping mall North-Eastern Rus'. On its coat of arms and flag in colors imperial Russia fish are depicted. This is due to the fact that in the 15-16 centuries the city was obliged to supply the royal table with delicious fish, which was found exclusively in Lake Pleshcheyevo.

At the end of the 17th century, the “amusing flotilla” of Peter I was built on the famous lake, which was the beginning of the development of the Russian navy. By 1692, this process was completely ready for ceremonial inspection.

In the 19th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky was a large, rapidly developing city with stone houses and factory production.

Nowadays, Pereslavl-Zalessky is the third largest city in the Yaroslavl region, where centuries-old churches and monasteries peacefully coexist with modern buildings.

Sights of Pereslavl-Zalessky

Pereslavl-Zalessky is famous for its ancient Russian churches and monasteries. The city remembers its great princes, who created not only its history, but the entire state of Rus'. Among the modern excursion sites you can find many interesting private museums with creative exhibitions. What are they not dedicated to! And the design of a peasant hut, and fairy-tale characters, and the resourcefulness of the Russian people, and even teapots and irons.

The city is located on the shores of the picturesque Lake Pleshcheevo. In its vicinity the forests and fields of the great Russian Plain stretch endlessly. The city is so rich in significant events that every piece of land literally breathes history, wanting to tell the traveler about it.

What to see in Pereslavl-Zalessky? The most beautiful places and main attractions

Lake Pleshcheyevo National Park

The lake is considered the most beautiful in Central Russia, it is a natural landmark of the Golden Ring. In the southeast of it lies Pereslavl-Zalessky, and on the other banks there are smaller settlements. There are also many tourist centers and hotels around the lake. People stop there for outdoor recreation, fishing and kitesurfing.

Blue stone on Lake Pleshcheyevo

The blue stone was used as a ritual sacred object in the rites of the Finno-Ugric tribes and ancient Slavs during the times of pagan Rus'. When dry, the stone is usually gray, but when humidity is high it turns blue. Local pagans gathered around this stone, lighting fires and dancing, and after accepting Christianity, this infuriated the monks of the nearby monastery. They vainly frightened people that evil spirits had crept into the block. There was a real struggle with the stone: they tried to bury it and drown it, but with mysterious persistence it returned to its original place.

Pereslavl Museum-Reserve

The museum with its exhibitions occupies the Goritsky Monastery, which was abolished in the mid-18th century. Its territory includes: the main building, the Transfiguration Cathedral, the Ganshins' museum-estate, the "Boat of Peter I", an exhibition hall and, finally, art Gallery. Here, in addition to historical exhibitions, you can see wooden sculptures, painting and iconography.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral is an ancient Orthodox church cross-dome type. The cathedral was founded by Yuri Dolgoruky in the mid-12th century. Here Alexander Nevsky received the baptism ceremony. The building is one of the oldest memorials of church stone architecture. It was here that the famous 15th century icon “Transfiguration” was discovered. Subsequently it was moved to the Tretyakov Gallery. Unfortunately, the ancient painting of the temple has been lost: the interior walls are covered with white paint.

Temples are located in the city center. They were erected in the mid-18th century thanks to a local philanthropist on the territory where the Bogoroditse-Sretensky was previously located Novodevichy Convent. Valuable icons from the 15th century hung in the churches, there were precious tabernacles and other decorations, until in 1925 all this was removed by the Bolsheviks. In the 30s, the closed cathedral and church were used as bakery workshops. The historical and architectural value of the buildings was recognized in 1936.

The tented church of the 15th century was built according to the design of an unknown architect. Similar buildings are enough a rare event for a given area. In the Church of Peter the Metropolitan there are two altars: the upper one of Peter the Metropolitan and the lower one of the Archangel Michael. In the 1880s and 1970s, two restorations were carried out, thanks to which the structure acquired a close to its original appearance. In the 1990s, the church was in poor condition. Restoration has been suspended, but despite the state of disrepair, religious services are still held in the building.

The Church of the Forty Martyrs is a real symbol of Pereslavl-Zalessky, which is known to us from postcards and beautiful photographs of the city. The church is located on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo in a fishing village. There is a stunning view of the temple from the pond. It was erected in 1755 with the help of Moscow patrons. The cold altar is dedicated to the Forty Martyrs, the warm altar to the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Today the temple appears before us as a picturesque building with a pink facade, a blue roof and skillfully decorated windows.

Initially, the monastery, built in the 14th century, was for men, but now it is for women. The monastery suffered devastation more than once, but monastic life in it did not stop. In the 1920s, the monastery was closed. The Bolsheviks blew up the main cathedral and the bell tower; dormitories, repair shops and a livestock base were organized in the remaining buildings. Since the 1990s, the ruins of the monastery were transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church, restoration and major repairs were carried out.

Nikitsky Monastery of the 14th century is one of the oldest in North-Eastern Rus'. Current residents believe that the holy monastery was founded in 1010. It was at this time, on the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo, that the first wooden churches appeared, establishing Christianity in pagan lands. The architectural ensemble of the monastery includes nine buildings - monuments of church architecture of the 16th-19th centuries, which have survived to this day.

Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery

This monastery is also a male monastery; it was founded by the monk of the Nikitsky Monastery, Daniel. In honor of the birth of Ivan the Terrible, the future first Tsar of All Rus', the main temple of the monastery was erected - the Trinity Cathedral. At that time the monastery was a significant feudal lord, owning many households and peasants. During the Time of Troubles, the monastery was seriously damaged, but was rebuilt in the second half of the 17th century.

The holy monastery was founded as a place to commemorate the battle between the Moscow and Tver princes in 1304. The monastery began as a men's monastery; in the second half of the 17th century, sisters moved into it, and by the beginning of the 20th century, half a thousand nuns and nuns served in it. The monastery owned four parochial schools and three hermitages, including Alekseevskaya. IN Soviet time the monastic community was liquidated. Then the monastery was transferred to the St. Nicholas Convent and restored.

Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"

“The Boat of Peter I” claims to be the very first provincial museum in Russia. It opened in the Botik estate in 1803. The central exhibit is the ship “Fortuna”, which was made by Peter the Great himself, the only one of its kind: the rest of the ships of the amusing flotilla burned down. The estate includes the imperial monument and obelisk, the Boat House, the White Palace, the triumphal gate and other interesting objects.

It is a technical museum, which was founded in 1991 by a private entrepreneur. It contains examples of rail transport from the 19th and 20th centuries, as well as related railway mechanisms and machines. Most of the exhibits are in working condition. There are steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, carriages, cars, tractors and railway equipment on display.

The private museum collection, located on the site of an ancient merchant mansion, presents more than 200 irons of the most different types. There is a souvenir shop on the first stone floor, and an exhibition on the second wooden floor. The Iron Museum is quite popular among tourists; several times a year it hosts the Iron Festival, where everyone can try non-electric irons at work.

It is impossible not to notice the “Teapot House” - this is a creatively painted wooden hut with a Russian stove, located not far from the Botik of Peter I. The house was founded by the owners of the Iron Museum in 2003. The collection features exclusive exhibits related to the traditions of tea drinking in Rus'. Inventive entrepreneurs placed original inviting slogans on the walls of the hut and on the fence - it is impossible to pass by the museum!

The newly built unique museum has already earned highly appreciated in Pereslavl-Zalessky. It contains two cozy halls with an original exhibition of peasant interior and household items. The museum is famous for its extraordinary atmosphere, which allows you to look at the Russian peasantry in a completely new way, discovering many interesting facts.

This is another private museum dedicated to the history and achievements of radio engineering. We can say that the owners of the museum collected the exhibition from attics and basements. And now visitors are presented with an interesting exhibition of radios from all over the world, of different sizes and formats. In the souvenir shop you can purchase rare parts for repairing old radio equipment.

This museum is an exhibition of more than a hundred rare sewing machines. You can see ancient pre-revolutionary exhibits, Soviet sewing machines, as well as products from famous world manufacturers. Along with the museum, there is a store in the building where you can buy ceramics, dishes and clothing.

The personalized museum was opened in 2012 on native land Alexander Nevsky. Dedicated to the period of his reign in Pereslavl-Zalessky, it is the only one of its kind in Russia. The museum will reveal to the visitor many little-known interesting facts. It contains a model of the city as it was in the 12th century. He has such compositions as “Three Warriors, icons depicting Alexander Nevsky, his medals and orders.

The composition of the museum is amazing and original. It consists of creatively invented items by peasants and townspeople to make life easier: original juicers, washing machines, special dishes for men with mustaches, a teapot with several spouts - you won’t find anything! Interestingly, many of the exhibits are in working condition: they can be tested in practice.

“Russian Park” is one of the main attractions of the city. This is a historical and cultural tourist complex, which consists of amazing wooden huts, where the atmosphere of a Russian village of the 19-20th century is reproduced inside. The museum tells the story of the inventions and discoveries of compatriots; the park contains art alleys where characters from Russian folk tales meet. The local tavern offers a menu of traditional Russian cuisine.

This one is small museum complex– a center for the preservation and development of folk traditions, a monument of ancient Russian architecture. In addition to the exhibition, there is a playground, a themed cafe and a souvenir shop. The guides theatrically tell the traveler about the traditions and customs of Russian life. The main character is the fabulous Berendey. "Berendey's House" offers a variety of excursion programs.

Museum "Birth of a Fairy Tale"

The fairy-tale museum immerses visitors in Magic world ancient Slavic legends. The exhibition represents a collection of local artist and sculptor Alexander Tikhonov - these are heroes from folk tales and Slavic mythology. The selected music and decorations add to the mystery of the atmosphere. The museum is part of the “Far Far Away Kingdom” structure and is located near the city, just a couple of tens of kilometers.

The garden appeared in 1952 on the initiative of S.F. Kharitonov. Since 1998, it has been part of the Pleshcheyevo Lake National Park. The garden contains more than six hundred species of trees and shrubs brought from different parts of the world: Siberia, Far East, Crimea, Caucasus, Europe, North America, Japan and China. Plants were planted in landscape-style alleys, and artificial ponds with bridges were created.

Since the 7th century AD, the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo and Alexander Mountain were inhabited by Finno-Ugric Merya tribes. At the top of the mountain, pagan holidays were held with games and dances. It is believed that this hill is man-made, and was created by order of Alexander Nevsky. A monastery was built on the mountain, which subsequently ceased to exist. Its traces were discovered during excavations by archaeologists.

How to get from Moscow to Pereslavl-Zalessky

The distance from Moscow to the center of Pereslavl-Zalessky is 140 km.
Pereslavl-Zalessky is located on the M8 highway "Kholmogory" Moscow - Arkhangelsk. Buses go to the city on a direct route. There are no trains to the city, so you need to depart from the nearest railway station in neighboring cities.

Bus Moscow – Pereslavl Zalessky

Buses run from the VDNKh bus station from early morning until late evening. The route takes two to three hours depending on the flight and traffic jams in the capital. There are no buses from Shchelkovsky station.
Tickets are sold at bus station ticket offices; you can purchase them immediately before your trip or in advance. The price for a bus Moscow – Pereslavl-Zalessky is 300-450 rubles. for 2018.

Pereslavl-Zalessky is an ancient Russian city founded by Yuri Dolgoruky near Lake Pleshcheevo. The city became famous for the birth of Alexander Nevsky, and in 1688 Peter the Great built the Amusement Flotilla here. There are numerous church monuments in Pereslavl-Zalessky; historical events important for the Russian state took place here.

The city is a protected area, part of the Golden Ring of Russia.

Founding and name of the city

In 1152, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky founded a city on the banks of the Trubezh River, where it flows into Lake Pleshcheyevo and named it Pereyaslavl, which translated from ancient Slavic means “Takeover the Glory.”

It was the third city in ancient Rus' with this name: at that time there already existed

• Pereyaslavl in modern Ukraine, renamed Pereslavl-Khmelnitsky in 1943
• Pereyaslav-Ryazan, renamed in 1773 to Ryazan.

In the 15th century, the city founded by Yuri Dolgoruky began to be called Pereslavl-Zalessky, since it was located in Zalesye, that is, behind the forest that separated this area from the Kyiv and Chernigov lands.

The city was located 130 km from Moscow at the intersection of many trade routes and in those days was famous and rich.

Here on May 30, 1221, the great Russian commander Alexander Nevsky was born, and in the ancient Transfiguration Cathedral he was baptized.

A mountain on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo, formerly known as Yarilina Mountain, is named in honor of Alexander Nevsky. Not far from Alexander Mountain, there is the so-called “blue stone”, considered sacred by the pagans.

Kremlin of Pereslavl-Zalessky

During the reign of Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo (then it was Lake Kleshchino) there was a powerful fortress for its time - a fortified princely town, called Kleshchin.

According to the chronicle, in 1152 the prince moved the city from Lake Kleshchina to a new location - at the intersection of important trade routes near the mouth of the Trubezh River.

In the new city, Yuri Dolgoruky erected a stone church of St. Savior, and also built fortifications, the most powerful among those erected in the cities founded by the prince.

The built Kremlin was the central part of the ancient Russian city. The length of its ramparts was almost 2.5 kilometers, the height was from 10 to 16 meters, and the width reached 6 meters. On top of the ramparts, wooden walls with towers were built. Researchers believe that in the 12th-13th centuries in the Vladimir-Suzdal land this fortress was the second most powerful after the capital Vladimir.

From the outside, the Kremlin walls were protected by natural barriers - the Trubezh River and its tributary Murmazh (now filled up), as well as a specially dug ditch. Thus, the fortress was surrounded on all sides by water.

The Kremlin was captured and plundered by the Horde more than once; it also suffered greatly during the Time of Troubles, but after each destruction its walls and towers were restored. Only in 1759 were the wooden walls dismantled as unnecessary and due to dilapidation.

Currently, a magnificent panorama of the old city opens from the ancient Pereslavl ramparts.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral in Pereslavl-Zalessky

Simultaneously with the defensive structures in the northern part of the fortress, the single-domed white stone Transfiguration Cathedral was erected in 1152-1157. This is a cross-domed tetrameter temple, the construction of which was completed under Andrei Bogoslovsky, the successor of Yuri Dolgoruky. The cathedral is the earliest of the five first white-stone churches of North-Eastern Rus' and the only one that has come down to us in good condition.

During its history, the Transfiguration Cathedral was restored many times, but, in general, retained its original appearance. Its height was 22 meters, and the width of the walls was from 1 to 1.3 meters.

The temple is located on Red Square. It is interesting that the name of Red Square in Moscow was borrowed from Pereslavl Red Square.

Initially, the inside of the cathedral was covered with frescoes, but all of them were removed during the restoration carried out in the 19th century. The surviving fragment of them was transferred to the Historical Museum of Moscow, and currently the walls inside the temple are white.

In ancient times, the cathedral was of great importance for the life of the city and was part of the system of its defensive structures.

Many Pereslavl princes were baptized in the temple, including Alexander Nevsky. The son and grandson of Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Alexandrovich and Ivan Dmitrievich, are buried in the cathedral.

Near the temple there once were princely palace, which researchers believe was connected to the cathedral by a gallery.

In 1958, as a sign of gratitude to his fellow countryman, a monument to Alexander Nevsky was erected opposite the Transfiguration Church.

The rise of Pereslavl-Zalessky

The city reached its greatest prosperity under the Grand Duke Vsevolod the Big Nest and his son Yaroslav. During the reign of Prince Vsevolod, who was a far-sighted politician and a skilled warrior, Pereslavl-Zalessky became one of the significant centers of culture in Vladimir-Suzdal Rus'.

Educated people served at the court of Prince Yaroslav, thanks to whom the historical chronicle “The Chronicler of Pereslavl of Suzdal” was written. During the same period, famous icon painters and wood carvers created many wonderful works of art.

Pereslavl-Zalessky - destruction of the city

In February 1238, the Mongol-Tatars took many Russian cities, among whom were Vladimir and Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. In addition, during the internecine war in 1293, Prince Andrei, in the struggle for the throne against his brother Dmitry, used hordes of Mongol-Tatars to capture Russian cities, among which was Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Subsequently, devastation and sieges repeatedly befell Pereyaslavl - for example, Batu’s warriors alone ravaged the principality six times.

Annexation to the Moscow Principality

Like Alexander Nevsky, his son Dmitry Alexandrovich proved himself to be an outstanding commander of his time. Under him, Pereslavl reached its short but brilliant heyday. In 1276, Dmitry received the great reign, but, having become the Grand Duke and having completed all the formalities in Vladimir, he remained in Pereslavl, which became the capital city of the Russian land.

His son Ivan Dmitrievich had no direct heirs and bequeathed Pereslavl to his uncle Daniil Alexandrovich, the first Moscow prince, the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky. Thus the first stone was laid in the foundation of the future Russian state. This event was important for the formation of Moscow as the capital of Rus'.

It is interesting that a tradition appeared as a sign of the voluntary accession of Pereslavl-Zalessky to the Moscow Principality. During the coronation of the heir to the Moscow throne, smoked Pereslavl vendace, which is found in Lake Pleshcheyevo, was served on the royal table.

Pereslavl-Zalessky as a religious capital

During this period, the city was actually the second religious capital of the Russian state. The names of Metropolitans Pimen, Athanasius and Peter, as well as many famous church figures and saints, are associated with Pereslavl, including:

• Sergius of Radonezh, ordained to the rank of abbot in the Transfiguration Cathedral
• Dmitry Prilutsky, born in Pereslavl-Zalessky. In the Dormition Goritsky Monastery, the wonderworker took monastic vows, founded the Nikolsky Monastery on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo and became its abbot.

Vasily III and Ivan the Terrible came to Pereslavl churches on pilgrimage. Russian tsars made rich contributions to the Nikitsky and Trinity, Danilov and Goritsky monasteries.

Pereslavl-Zalessky during the Time of Troubles

In 1608, Pereslavl-Zalessky was captured by the Poles, but on September 1, 1609, the Russian army under the leadership of Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky liberated the city. Later, detachments of the first zemstvo militia set off from here to liberate Moscow.

In the summer of 1611, the city managed to withstand the siege of Hetman Sapieha's detachment, and in 1618, an attack by Polish soldiers under the leadership of the Polish prince Vladislav.

Development and decline of the economy in the 19th century

At the beginning of the 19th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky was big city with numerous churches, factories and mills, forges and stone houses under construction. The Belomorsky trade route, the shortest and most convenient route from Moscow to Arkhangelsk, passed through the city.

At the same time, the constructed Northern Railway bypassed Pereslavl, 18 versts from it, which led to the fact that the economy of the Zalessky city began to decline. And gradually the once developed city turns into a quiet and inconspicuous county town. Neither sufficiently developed industry and trade, nor numerous ancient shrines and historical monuments saved it from this fate.

The Pereslavl land has always attracted writers and artists - writers Nikolai Ostrovsky and Mikhail Prishvin, painter Konstantin Korovin and many other masters depicted it in their works.

To date, the city rampart surrounding the historical center of the city has been preserved, as well as monuments of church architecture. These are six monasteries, four of which are active and 9 churches:

• Nikitsky Monastery
• Nikolsky Monastery
• Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Sretensky Novodevichy Convent was closed in 1764
• The Goritsky Monastery was closed in 1744; currently it is a Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve.

In the Goritsky Monastery you can see unique monuments of antiquity and art, including church utensils, paintings and furniture, household items and other historical values.

Among the 9 surviving churches, the most notable are:

• Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral of the 12th century, the oldest architectural monument of North-Eastern Rus'
• The tented church of Metropolitan Peter, 1585.

Museum-estate "Boat of Peter the Great"

The city became famous for the fact that here, on the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo, at the end of the 17th century, Peter the Great built an amusing fleet, which became the basis of Russian shipbuilding.

In 1692, ships built on Lake Pleshcheyevo were launched. Peter the Great was kind to ships and ordered them to be taken care of. However, during a fire in 1783, almost all of them were destroyed, leaving only the boat “Fortune”, built, according to stories, by the hands of the Tsar himself.

On Mount Gremyach, on south coast On Lake Pleshcheyev there is the Historical Museum-Estate “Boat of Peter the Great”, where you can see Peter the Great’s boat “Fortune”.

Nowadays, Lake Pleshcheyevo is one of the largest lakes in the Upper Volga region and the center of the National Park of the same name. The dimensions of the lake are more than 6.5 km by 9.5 km.

In Soviet times, Pereslavl-Zalessky lost many city churches, but even now it is one of the centers of Russian Orthodoxy. This is a cozy and attractive corner for tourists with beautiful scenery and ancient Orthodox shrines.

Basic moments

The history of Pereslavl is shrouded in secrets, legends, traditions and is inextricably linked with the names of the great Russian princes, tsars, famous warriors and famous clergy. Its magical aura is preserved by the ancient shrines of the city - white stone churches with golden domes and monasteries, each of which deserves a separate visit. The city museum displays the richest historical collections, and private atmospheric museums surprise tourists with original exhibitions and creative excursions.

In the parks of Pereslavl-Zalessky there are cultural and entertainment centers where city guests can immerse themselves in the atmosphere of ancient Russian fairy tales and get acquainted with the traditions and way of life of the people who lived in this corner of Ancient Rus'.

Pereslavl-Zalessky, standing on the shore of the huge Pleshcheevo Lake, at its confluence with the Trubezh River, delights with its wonderful landscapes. In the vicinity of the city, in the lap of generous nature, there are recreation centers for tourists, guest houses, tent sites, beaches. Lake Pleshcheyevo – most popular place For fishing. At any time of the year, fishing enthusiasts come here not only from neighboring cities, but also from Moscow.

History of Pereslavl-Zalessky

The land on which Pereslavl-Zalessky stands has been inhabited since Neolithic times - this is evidenced by archaeological finds, discovered off the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo and the Trubezh River. IN I-X centuries n. e. inhabited these regions ancient people Merya, belonging to the Finno-Ugric group of tribes. Later, the Slavs settled here: the Ilmen - immigrants from the Novgorod land, as well as the Krivichi, who migrated from the Dnieper region.

The city of Pereslavl-Zalessky itself owes its existence to Prince Yuri Dolgoruky. In 1151, having been defeated in the fight for Kyiv, he retired to North-Eastern Rus' and began an unprecedented development of these lands, founding new cities and actively encouraging the settlement of his possessions by immigrants from South-Western Rus'. In 1152, on the flat bank of a deep river flowing into a huge lake, in close proximity to the fortified fortress city of Kleshchino, he founded a city, later named Pereslavl-Zalessky. According to many historians, Yuri Dolgoruky built new town as the capital of his possessions in North-Eastern Rus', and also as a symbol of isolation from Kyiv and the assertion of his undivided right to reign in this land.

Pereslavl-Zalessky was one of largest cities in all of Rus', third after Kyiv and Smolensk. The city was protected by huge ramparts, on top of which were built chopped walls. In terms of scale and technical perfection, the Pereslavl ramparts surpassed most other earthen defensive structures of Rus'. Their height ranged from 10 to 18 meters, and they stretched along a circumference of 2,350 m.

The ancient name of the princely city is Pereyaslavl, which literally means “took over the glory.” There were three Pereyaslavl in Rus': Pereyaslavl-Ryazansky, Pereyaslavl-Novy (later Pereslavl-Zalessky) and their progenitor Pereyaslavl-Yuzhny (today Pereyaslavl-Khmelnitsky, Ukraine), located on the southern cordon of Kievan Rus. According to some sources, Yuri Dolgoruky himself grew up and may have been born in Pereyaslavl-Yuzhny, where his father Vladimir Monomakh ruled.

During the reign of the descendants of Yuri Dolgoruky - Vsevolod III the Big Nest and his son Yaroslav Vsevolodovich - the city continued to develop and prosper, becoming one of the most significant centers of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus'. Educated people, chroniclers served at the princely court, masters of icon painting worked, craftsmen honed the art of wood carving. The outstanding commander Alexander Nevsky was born and raised in Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Like all Russian lands, the city was ravaged more than once by the Mongol-Tatars, and civil strife also did not spare it. In the 14th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky, as part of the Vladimir Principality, came under the control of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. Over the following centuries, the city developed as a craft and trade center; churches and monasteries were erected here, the number of which was second only to Suzdal. The great Moscow princes, and then the tsars, often visited these places - some were attracted by the rich hunting grounds in these parts, while others went here on pilgrimage.

In August 1688, the energetic and ambitious young Tsar Peter I arrived in Pereslavl, accompanied by the Dutch shipwright Brandt Karsten. Here, near Lake Pleshcheevo, he decided to build a flotilla, which became known as the amusing flotilla. This idea served as the first step of the future emperor towards the creation of the Russian fleet. On August 1, 1692, a parade of ships took place in Pereslavl. In the presence of the Tsar and courtiers, under the solemn ringing of bells, the first Russian flotilla set out on a campaign along the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo. After Peter left Pereslavl, the construction of a real Russian navy began in Arkhangelsk, then in Voronezh and on the shores of the Baltic Sea. However, the first cadres of shipbuilders and sailors were forged right here, in Pereslavl-Zalessky.

In 1719, Pereslavl received the status of the main city of the Pereslav-Zalessky province, and by the end of the century it became a district city of the Vladimir province. In the 19th century it represented quite major center with factories - tanneries and maltings, mills, forges, its linen factories were famous. The well-being of the city was also based on the fact that the White Sea trade route passed through it, connecting Moscow with the Volga and going further to the north. After a section of the Northern Railway was built 20 kilometers from Pereslavl, and it lost its transit significance, the city began to gradually change its appearance, turning into an ordinary, quiet provincial corner of the empire.

In the first half of the last century, the buildings of Pereslavl-Zalessky remained mainly wooden, and the city continued to grow along the Moscow-Yaroslavl road. Only in the 60-70s, along with the construction of large chemical and light industry enterprises, new microdistricts began to appear here, remote from the historical core of the city. Nowadays, Pereslavl-Zalessky is the third largest city in the Yaroslavl region.

Tourism seasons

Pereslavl-Zalessky, like other cities of the Golden Ring, is part of middle lane The European part of Russia, which is characterized by rather cold, dry winters and warm, sunny summers. Summer time is the ideal time to travel to Pereslavl. During the day the temperature varies from +20 °C to +30 °C, in the evenings it is fresh. At this time of year, you will be able to make the most of your time and not be dependent on the early twilight that is typical for other months. In addition, many museums and attractions located below open air, accept visitors only in summer. Ancient temples, the interiors of which have preserved ancient paintings, are also closed to visitors in cold weather.

In spring and autumn you will have to rely on chance. If you are lucky and the days turn out to be clear, warm and fine, you will be able to enjoy the beauty of the landscapes of Pereslavl and explore local attractions in comfort, but if it rains or sleet, the trip will be complicated.

Cold weather begins in November and lasts until mid-March. In winter, daytime temperatures range from –10 °C to –5 °C, at night from –15 °C to –10 °C, although thaws here are no exception.

Sights of Pereslavl-Zalessky

In miniature Pereslavl-Zalessky, almost all attractions are located in historical center, within walking distance from each other, focusing on the picturesque banks of the Trubezh River and Lake Pleshcheyevo. Wherever you're heading from Old city, you will not be able to pass the earthen ramparts that have been rising around the ancient settlement - the Pereslavl Kremlin - for more than eight and a half centuries. The fortifications are well preserved and represent a rare monument of early fortification architecture in this part of Russia.

Most of the churches and monasteries of Pereslavl date back to the 16th-18th centuries, and the urban development dates back to the 18th-19th centuries. Wooden and stone buildings cannot be called masterpieces of architecture, but, inextricably linked with the history of the city, they are of interest.

Several colorful two-story stone houses can be seen on Rostovskaya Street. In the old days, their first floors housed shops and taverns, and the upper rooms served as hotel rooms or rented apartments. Ancient buildings have been preserved in the Red Square area, including a two-story building, the decoration of which is the front two-flight staircase. On Gagarina Street, not far from the ramparts, a house from the early 18th century, built for the city office, attracts attention; it has preserved its blue-and-white tiled stoves. The building of the former city estate, built about three centuries ago in the classical style, is also of interest. To the side of it is the building of one of the manufactories from 1781. The ancient houses of Pereslavl-Zalessky are also located on Konnaya Street, in the former settlements near the monasteries, as well as Rybnaya Sloboda - the most picturesque corner of the city, located at the mouth of the Trubezh River, near the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo.

Churches

In Pereslavl-Zalessky there is one of ancient monuments North-Eastern Rus' - Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral. The townspeople call it the Old Cathedral, and the square on which it is located has long been called Red. It is known that the temple was founded in 1152, simultaneously with the beginning of the construction of the city. Presumably, the work lasted five years, and the architects were Rostov and Suzdal masters who left numerous graffiti on the façade of the cathedral. Here is the tomb of the family members of Prince Alexander Nevsky, the great commander himself was baptized within the walls of the temple and took “princely tonsure” here - a rite of initiation into warriors. Next to the cathedral there is a monument to the prince.

Built in the Byzantine style, strict, laconic and majestic, the Transfiguration Cathedral is considered one of the first examples of famous white stone architecture in the lands of North-Eastern Rus'. The facades of each of its walls are divided by pilasters, forming a unique three-part rhythm, the apses are lined with ornamental brickwork, the windows are narrow and long, like slits. The interior decoration of the temple is modest; ancient paintings have not been preserved here.

Recently, restoration was completed in the temple, and today it is open to the public. Entrance here is paid - 80 rubles per person.

Near the Transfiguration Cathedral there is a tented church of Peter the Metropolitan, built in 1585. Its appearance is distinguished by severity and asceticism, which is characteristic of the architecture of that era. Of interest are the preserved old doors leading to the main church. Wall paintings and wood carvings in the interior belong to a later period.

Not far from the Church of Metropolitan Peter are the Vladimir (New) Cathedral and the Church of Alexander Nevsky, built in the Baroque style in the 40s of the 18th century outside the walls of the then existing monastery of the Presentation of the Vladimir Mother of God and belonging to it. After the abolition of the monastery in 1764, the churches received the status of ordinary parish churches.

On Rostovskaya Street you can see another ancient landmark of Pereslavl-Zalessky - the Temple of Simeon the Stylite, built in 1771. This temple has two floors. Previously, there was a summer church on the ground floor. In its western part there is a spectacular hipped bell tower.

Near the city bridge over Trubezh, Pleshcheevskaya Street begins, stretching west to the lake. Here, above the low residential buildings, rise a slender belfry and an elegant dome of the Church of the Intercession, built in 1769. The temple is a typical example of provincial baroque architecture of the 18th century. Its interiors preserve interesting examples of icon painting, church utensils, and wood carvings.

Rybnaya Sloboda stretches along the Trubezh River. The local houses are almost close to the shore, completely lined with boats. Previously, fishermen lived here and supplied the famous Pereslavl herring to the royal table. Near the shore, at the mouth of the river, stands the original scarlet Church of the Forty Martyrs. It is known that it existed already in the 17th century. A spectacular panorama opens up from Lake Pleshcheevo to the temple, familiar to many from the advertising brochures of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

On Gagarin Street you can see the Smolensk-Kornilievskaya Church, dating back to the beginning of the 18th century and belonging to the Boris and Gleb Monastery located here before Catherine’s secularization. The church itself, the refectory, the cell building, and the bell tower have been preserved from the monastery itself. The temple is a rare monument of provincial architecture, distinguished by some eclectic decoration.

On Moskovskaya Street leading to the capital, at the top of the slope is the Sretenskaya (Alexandro-Nevskaya) Church, built in 1776. It is located between two famous monastery ensembles - Goritsky and Danilov. The temple is clearly visible from the city center, and together with the monastery walls and towers it forms a magnificent architectural composition that adorns the southern outskirts of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Monasteries

Like many centuries ago, the appearance of Pereslavl-Zalessky is formed by magnificent architectural ensembles monasteries. Most of them were built at a distance from the fortified city, along the roads that led to it, but gradually the holy monasteries entered the city limits. The three largest monastery ensembles - Goritsky, Trinity-Danilov, Fedorovsky - are located in the south of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

The famous Goritsky Monastery, founded at the beginning of the 14th century, got its name due to its location on a hill, near the cliff. Initially it was called Uspensky, which is on Goritsa, and after that it was simply called Goritsky. Located on the highway coming from Moscow, the monastery was repeatedly subjected to armed attacks, looting, and survived more than one fire, but was always revived, since it was highly revered and was under the patronage of Moscow rulers.

Already in the 16th century, the monastery buildings were predominantly stone, but most of them have not survived to this day, since they were dismantled in the middle of the 18th century, when the monastery was abolished, becoming the residence of the bishop of the Pereslavl diocese. During the bishops' stay here, grandiose construction began: a new Assumption Cathedral, a bell tower, and two towers were erected. The monastery walls also underwent reconstruction and renovation. However, in 1788, the diocese, which included many churches and monasteries, was abolished, and the former monastic properties gradually fell into disrepair. In 1919, a local history museum began to operate on the territory of the Goritsky Monastery, on the basis of which the Pereslavl-Zalessky Historical, Architectural and Art Museum that exists today was created - one of the best in this region of Russia.

While walking around the territory of the monastery, examine the Holy Southern Front Gate, built at the end of the 17th century, and the St. Nicholas Church, located above it, dating back to the same period. It is definitely worth visiting the largest cathedral church of the monastery ensemble - the five-domed Assumption Cathedral. Its interiors look luxurious and represent one of the most striking examples of Russian Baroque: the walls and vaults are decorated with spectacular stucco moldings, figured belts, cartouches, sculptures, and monograms. The iconostasis of the cathedral, created in Moscow by carving master Yakov Ilyin-Zhukov, is magnificent. The creation of the famous carver was brought to Pereslavl in disassembled form. Here it was assembled according to the drawings. This iconostasis, as if woven from gilded lace, is one of the best works of decorative Russian art.

On the same axis with the Assumption Church is the five-domed All Saints Refectory Church of the 17th century. Part of the exposition of the Pereslavl Museum is exhibited in its premises. It is worth saying that its holdings include more than 30 thousand rarities. Among them are historical documents, archaeological finds, ancient books, and weapons. Of interest are icons, church utensils, as well as mitres of archimandrites, altar crosses, silver chalices decorated with pearls and semiprecious stones.

The art gallery displays works of painting and sculpture dating from the 15th century to the present. Here you can see canvases by Shishkin, Benois, Polenov, Semiradsky, paintings by famous artists of the beginning of the last century - Korovin, Mashkov, Lentulov, Serebryakova.

Entrance to the monastery territory is paid - 50 rubles per person. You must pay separately to view the museum's exhibitions.

Opposite the Goritsky Monastery is the active Trinity-Danilov Monastery, founded by the monk of the Goritsky Monastery Daniel in 1508. The walls have not survived, but the Holy Gate (1750), built in the form triumphal arch, can still be seen today. On the territory of the monastery, of interest is the recently restored Trinity Cathedral, dating back to the 30s of the 16th century, presumably built according to the design of the famous Rostov architect Grigory Borisov. In the appearance of this slender, tall, single-domed temple, features of Italian architecture are visible, which was characteristic of the era of Vasily III. In the interiors of the cathedral you can see restored frescoes from 1662 by famous masters Gury Nikitin and Sila Savin. Many monastery buildings were built at the expense of Prince Ivan Baryatinsky in the 17th century.

In 1660, at the northern side of the Trinity Cathedral, above the site of the tomb of the founder of the monastery, Daniel, a chapel was erected, to which an elegant hipped bell tower was later added. In the northeastern part of the monastery you can see the miniature one-domed Church of All Saints. To the south of the Trinity Cathedral there is a massive refectory building and the Church of the Praise of the Virgin Mary (17th century). This complex cost Prince Baryatinsky 11,237 rubles - a huge amount for those times. The temple is lavishly decorated and is considered a masterpiece of Russian architecture.

The entrance to the monastery, which returned to the Orthodox Church in 1993, is open from 8:00 to 22:00.

The southernmost monastery of Pereslavl-Zalessky is Fedorovsky. The first mentions of it date back to the 15th century. Before XVII century it was male, then turned into female. Among the nuns of the Fedorovsky Monastery there were many representatives of eminent and wealthy families. Noble families, as well as representatives of the royal family, constantly donated considerable money and precious things to the monastery treasury, which contributed to the prosperity of this monastery.

The oldest monastic building is the five-domed Fedorov Cathedral. Erected in honor of the birth of Ivan the Terrible's son, Tsarevich Fyodor, it is distinguished by the monumental style characteristic of monastery cathedrals of the era of Ivan IV. The richly decorated extensions to it belong to 19th century, as well as the paintings inside. To the north of the cathedral is the Vvedenskaya Church of the early 18th century, and in the southwestern part of the monastery you can visit the Church of Our Lady of Kazan, built in 1714.

The monastery buildings have not been preserved in their original form, but restoration work has not distorted the appearance of the monastery. Behind its white walls, as many centuries ago, it is light and calm, the dark green scaly domes of the cathedral and the golden domes of the chamber churches look fabulous, like an illustration to an ancient book.

Today there are 20 nuns serving in the Fedorovsky Monastery. The doors to the monastery are open from early morning until the evening service at 17:00. Entrance to the site is free, but donations are kindly accepted.

To the side of the road leading to Yaroslavl, closer to the Trubezh River, behind a low brick fence with decorative turrets is the St. Nicholas Monastery, founded in the mid-14th century. Over the centuries, it was devastated several times, first by the Mongol-Tatars, and then by the Polish-Lithuanian invaders. The revival of the monastery began in 1613, and at the end of the 17th century the Korsun cross was brought here, which is still the main monastery shrine.

Until 1898, the St. Nicholas Monastery was a male monastery, then it was converted into a female monastery, which it is today, after 70 years of desolation. Of the ancient churches, two have survived to this day: the Gate Church of Peter and Paul, built in 1748, which contains fragments of paintings on the walls and vaults, and the Church of the Annunciation, built in the Baroque style.

Most ancient monastery Pereslavl-Zalessky and one of the oldest in Russia - Nikitsky - is located on the northern outskirts of the city, near the Troitskaya Sloboda. Founded at the end of the 11th - beginning of the 12th century, it has preserved architectural monuments dating back to the 16th-17th centuries.

Its walls with loopholes and towers are the oldest stone fortifications of Pereslavl-Zalessky and the surrounding lands.

Main temple monastery - the five-domed Nikitsky Cathedral, built in the 16th century, and rebuilt several times in the next two centuries. The temple looks very impressive both outside and inside. His architectural feature are pointed arches, common in Western European architecture and the Caucasus, but not found in ancient Russian architecture.

Heading south from the Nikitsky Cathedral, you will see a large complex of monastery buildings, which includes the Annunciation Church, utility rooms, bell towers, and the refectory chamber, where, according to legend, Peter I stayed.

Not long ago, major restoration work was completed at the Nikitsky Monastery, and today many consider it the most beautiful in the city. There are always a lot of visitors here, whom the monks greet very warmly. There is convenient parking near the walls of the monastery; on its beautiful, well-groomed territory, the doors of the cafe-refectory are open for guests, where you can buy delicious monastery bread, herbal preparations, honey from the monastery apiary, and kvass. Entrance to the holy monastery is free.

Museums

In Pereslavl-Zalessky there are several very nice, mostly private museums, which will be interesting for both adults and children to visit. The subject matter of the exhibitions is unusual. For example, the Iron Museum, located in an old mansion, displays a collection of 200 ironing devices - heating, coal, alcohol, gas, modern. You will also get acquainted with a collection of everyday goods for city residents dating back to the 19th century. The staff is friendly, young and there is a fun atmosphere.

The original Teapot Museum, housed in bright blue wooden house behind a multi-colored fence, introduces guests to the history of tea drinking in Rus'. More than 130 unique teapots and teapots are presented here - cupronickel, copper, porcelain, shiny and worn, rusty and enameled, tiny and gigantic. The tours are conducted to the accompaniment of music played from an antique gramophone.

In Pereslavl-Zalessky there is also the Radio Museum, the Museum of Cunning and Ingenuity, and the “Kingdom of the Vendace” Museum, dedicated to this rare fish, which is found only in Lake Pleshcheyevo.

The youngest museum in the city is the Museum of Money, and the oldest is the Museum-Estate “Boat of Peter I”, opened back in 1803 in memory of the emperor’s historical undertaking - the construction of the “amusing flotilla”. The museum houses the boat "Fortune" - the only ship that has survived from those times. Here you can also see ancient equipment for the production of ships, as well as the remains of rigging: sails, masts, cables, ship steering wheels.

In front of the museum building there is a monument to Peter I - the work of the sculptor Campioni, next to it are anchors from Peter's large ships. To the west is the so-called Rotunda Palace, built in the 50s of the 19th century, then the White Palace, where there is an exhibition dedicated to the history of the Russian fleet.

Camping

One of iconic places in Pereslavl-Zalessky, which you should definitely visit, is Lake Pleshcheyevo. The local area is incredibly picturesque and romantic; in winter the lake freezes, and in summer its surface, usually calm and motionless, sometimes swells big waves. The banks of the reservoir, either flat or hilly, are open on all sides, and from everywhere the view of the reservoir is simply amazing.

Lake Pleshcheyevo is a protected area, however, excellent conditions have been created here for the townspeople and guests of Pereslavl. active rest. There are several beaches on the sandy shores - both wild and developed, with summer cafes, umbrellas, gazebos. It is possible to rent a boat or go surfing. The lake is also popular among fishing enthusiasts. Its waters are home to 16 species of fish, including the famous vendace.

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On the elevated shore of Lake Pleshcheevo, called Alexandrova Mountain, lies a huge stone - a boulder of an extraordinary blue color, brought here by ancient glaciers. It was once an object of pagan worship and today is a tourist attraction. A path paved with boards has been laid to the Blue Stone and a fee of 50 rubles is charged for its inspection.

The Pleshcheyevo Lake nature reserve also includes the Pereslavl Dendrological Garden, founded in 1952. Its territory is divided into 8 zones, each of which demonstrates the vegetation of different parts of the planet. The garden has paths and artificial ponds with nice stone bridges. Pass here interesting excursions, a special route – “Trail of Fairy Tales” – is designed for children.

In the very center of Pereslavl-Zalessky there is an open-air museum “Berendey's House” - an original cultural and entertainment venue with a museum, a souvenir shop, and an atmospheric folk-style cafe serving traditional Russian dishes and drinks.

During a tour of the museum, which takes place in a playful way, you will be told about the ancient traditions of the Russian way of life, rituals, demonstrated ancient household items, told and shown how our ancestors celebrated Maslenitsa, the Honey and Apple Savior. The Berendey House often hosts celebrations with songs, dances, entertainment, as well as wedding ceremonies in the traditional style.

On weekdays the museum can be visited from 8:00 to 17:00, on holidays and weekends - from 10:00 to 17:00. The cost of the excursion is from 385 to 525 rubles.

Another wonderful place for walking and getting to know Russian traditions is located at the entrance to Pereslavl-Zalessky from Moscow. Here, on an area of ​​several hectares, the Russian Park is located. Its center is a stylized Russian village, where in each of the wooden houses there is a museum or exhibition, their theme is Russian traditions and life.

At the Cossack Yard you will be offered a ride on a horse or in a cart, they will teach you how to throw an ax and handle a whip, and at the Ryapushka tavern you will be treated to royal borscht made from five types of meat, Guryev porridge, and fragrant kvass.

The cost of visiting the park is 300 rubles for an adult, 150 rubles for a child. Excursions must be paid separately.

Souvenirs

In Pereslavl-Zalessky there are many shops and kiosks where you can buy souvenirs. Most of them work at museums and in places near historical sites. In the Iron Museum, for example, you can buy stylized ceramic irons and elegant stands for them, in the Teapot Museum - porcelain dishes and samovars.

A wide range of interesting things is presented in the souvenir shop “Berendey’s House”: original Berendey toys, nesting dolls, ceramic, birch bark and pottery, all kinds of amulets.

The shops at the monasteries sell delicious honey and herbal teas.

A traditional delicious souvenir from Pereslavl is smoked fish, which has long become an indispensable purchase for every guest of the city.

Cafes and restaurants

There are enough establishments with European cuisine in Pereslavl-Zalessky; many cafes serve Caucasian cuisine, but, of course, the highlight of the local cuisine is traditional Russian food. One of the most popular restaurants among tourists is “Albitsky Garden”, located at the hotel of the same name. Here you will be treated to excellent pike cutlets with sauce, salmon caviar, baked pike perch, home-salted milk mushrooms, and excellent fish solyanka. The service here is excellent, a saxophonist plays in the evenings, but the prices are “Moscow”.

Guests also praise the atmospheric cafe "Monpensier" in the city center, the restaurant of the tourist center "Fish Herberg - Herring Tsarsky Ambassador", where, among other things, you can try delicious fresh herring, served with a variety of side dishes: potatoes, onions, under a fur coat. Prices in these establishments are quite affordable.

The cafe-restaurant “Pirog i Borshch” is famous for its home-cooked food – they serve excellent dumplings with potatoes, strawberries, cherries, and apples; pies with meat, cheese; branded berry juice.

On average in popular establishments In Pereslavl-Zalessky, a hearty lunch will cost from 600 rubles per person, this amount does not include alcoholic drinks. In an ordinary cafe you can have a snack, limiting yourself to 150-300 rubles.

Where to stay

In Pereslavl-Zalessky there are several three-star hotels, as well as motels and guest houses. The average cost of hotel accommodation is from 2300 rubles per room. You can rent an apartment here, which will cost from 500 to 1,500 rubles per day.

Many city guests prefer to stay at tourist centers. Near Lake Pleshcheevo there is an excellent recreation center “Sin-Kamen”, where you can stay in one of the comfortable houses with the whole family. Not far from it, in a pine forest, there is another wonderful corner - “Pleshcheyevo”. The Urev tourist center is also popular among guests of Pereslavl-Zalessky; here you can have a great time both in summer and in winter, going ice fishing or going hunting for wild boar, elk, hare, fox.

IN summer time“savage” tourists can camp in a tent right on the sandy shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo. In an unequipped area it will cost 250 rubles; in a specialized parking lot, setting up a tent will cost 400 rubles.

Transport

There are several working in Pereslavl-Zalessky bus routes, the most convenient and popular of which is No. 1, which runs through the entire city. To get to attractions located in the surrounding area, you will have to take a taxi. The cost of the trip is from 90 to 150 rubles, prices depend on the distance and season.

For those traveling by car, parking lots are available in Pereslavl. Renting a place costs 70 rubles/day or 20 rubles/hour.

Many tourists travel around Pereslavl-Zalessky on bicycles, which can be rented for 600 rubles/day or 100 rubles/hour.

How to get there

From Moscow to Pereslavl-Zalessky you can drive by car in two hours along the M-8 Kholmogory highway. Net highways connects the city with other points on the Golden Ring of Russia route.

Buses arriving at the Pereslavl bus station are direct routes from Moscow and Yaroslavl, as well as transit buses heading from Moscow to Kostroma, Rybinsk and beyond. Travel time from the capital to Pereslavl-Zalessky by bus is about 3 hours.

Subject of the federation	Yaroslavl region Yaroslavl region
Urban district	Pereslavl-Zalessky
Coordinates	56°44′17″ n. w. 38°51′22″ E. d.
Mayor	Koshurnikov Denis Viktorovich
Based
Former names	Pereyaslavl, Pereyaslavl-Zalessky
Square
Center height
Population	↘ 40,028 people (2015)
Density	1779.02 people/km²
Ethnobury	Pereslavtsy, Pereslavl
Timezone
Telephone code
Postal codes
Vehicle code
OKATO code
OKTMO code	78 705 000 001
Official site

Pereslavl-Zalessky is a city (since 1152) of regional subordination (urban district) in the Yaroslavl region, administrative center Pereslavl district, which is not included. Population - 40,028 people. (2015).

The city is located 140 kilometers from Moscow, on the M8 highway “Kholmogory” Moscow - Arkhangelsk, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo, at the confluence of the Trubezh River. Center national park"Lake Pleshcheyevo" The kilometer sign “140 km” is located in the city center at the turn from Svoboda Street to Rostovskaya Street. Ultimate railroad station on the freight line from Berendeevo (Moscow - Yaroslavl line).

The city is part of the Golden Ring of Russia. In 2009, the city was visited by 292.6 thousand people, 91% of whom came here on an excursion. At the same time, 2% of tourists (5.8 thousand people) were foreigners.

Source: Wikipedia

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• Ramparts of the city of Kleshchina
• Ramparts of the city of Kleshchina
• Blue stone
• Blue stone
• Transfiguration Cathedral
• Transfiguration Cathedral
• Transfiguration Cathedral
• Transfiguration Cathedral
• Nikitsky Monastery
• Nikitsky Monastery
• Nikitsky Monastery
• Nikitsky Monastery
• Nikitsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Dormition Goritsky Monastery
• Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
• Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
• Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
• Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
• Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Feodorovsky Monastery
• Varvarin spring
• Varvarin spring
• Alexander Nevsky Church
• Vladimir Cathedral and Alexander Nevsky Church
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Museum-estate "Boat of Peter I"
• Church of the Forty Martyrs
• Church of the Forty Martyrs
• Church of the Forty Martyrs
• Church of the Forty Martyrs
• Znamenskaya Church
• Znamenskaya Church
• Iron Museum
• Iron Museum
• Alexander Nevsky Museum
• Alexander Nevsky Museum
• Teapot Museum
• Teapot Museum
• Museum of Cunning and Ingenuity
• Museum of Cunning and Ingenuity
• Radio Museum
• Radio Museum
• Museum of Gramophones and Records
• Museum of Antique Sewing Machines
• Museum of Antique Sewing Machines

Pereslavl-Zalessky is one of the most ancient cities in the center of Russia, part of the Yaroslavl region. The history of the city is very interesting; it includes many significant events. It preserves the memory of many famous personalities, government and religious figures and important milestones formation of the Russian state. Situated in a very picturesque area, the city is an architectural monument. This is one of the few places where many ancient examples of Russian architecture have survived to this day.
Pereslavl is one of the famous a tourist route“The Golden Ring of Russia”, and is rightfully considered its pearl.

Location

Pereslavl-Zalessky is located in the middle of the route from Moscow to Yaroslavl. Small in area, the city has an elongated shape and occupies many kilometers along the Yaroslavl road.

The place in which Pereslavl-Zalessky is located is unconventional for Central Russia. The city was founded on the shore big lake at the mouth of the Trubezh River, in its vicinity there are two mountain ranges. Dense mixed forests alternate with open areas.

Trubezh divides the city into two approximately equal parts. The southern part is less populated and is located here private sector, in the northern part there are many new buildings.

Natural conditions

Zalessky region is a protected area. It uniquely combines vegetation typical of both northern forests and southern taiga.

The absolute pearl of Zalesye is Lake Pleshcheyevo. This amazing body of water is of glacial origin and is more than 30,000 years old.

Lake Pleshcheyevo National Park attracts lovers of scenic walks, fishermen and fans active species recreation. Here you can swim, go boating, and windsurf.

One of the objects of attention of tourists is the Blue Stone, which is a huge boulder of a grayish-blue color. According to legends, this stone has magical properties.

The dendrological garden of Pereslavl contains thousands of plant species from different parts of the globe.

City `s history

The first settlements in these places appeared before our era. Their traces are near Lake Pleshcheeva and on the coast of the Trubezh River. At the beginning of the new era, the ancient Merya tribe, representing the Finno-Ugric language group, lived on the site of present-day Pereslavl-Zalessky. The sanctuaries of this people include the mysterious Blue Stone, which is associated with a lot of legends.

The beauty of the local nature and the richness of the area attracted Slavic tribes here. The Krivichi and Slovenes were the first to settle on the shores of Lake Pleshcheevo.

Over time, a city called Kleshchin appeared on a hill near the lake, on the site of which Pereslavl was built.

The founding date of the city is considered to be 1152. Chronicles claim that this year Prince Yuri Dolgoruky ordered the construction of a fortress here for defense against numerous enemies. The reliable, strong structure was surrounded by earthen ramparts about 15 meters high. Inside, the prince ordered the foundation of a white stone temple, called Spaso-Preobrazhensky. In those days, temples acted as centers of princely power.
According to legend, the created city was named Pereyaslavl New, in honor hometown Prince Dolgoruky Pereyaslavl South. Over time, one letter from the name dropped out. The definition of “Zalessky” appeared thanks to geographical location cities from the phrase “behind the forest.”

Heyday

The Pereslavl principality reached its heyday in the 12th century, when Prince Vsevolod the Big Nest came to power, and then his son Yaroslav. The city turned into one of the cultural centers of Rus'. People with good education served at the princely court, a chronicle was created here, icon painting, architecture, and wood carving received great development.

From the beginning of the 13th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky acted as the center of an appanage principality. At this time, the reins of power passed to Yaroslav's son, the famous commander Alexander Nevsky, who ruled the city for 23 years.

Pereslavl is considered the birthplace of Alexander. Many memorable places located here are associated with his name. The princely chambers stood on Red Square, where the future commander was born, he was baptized in the Transfiguration Cathedral, and the Boris and Gleb Monastery, founded by the prince, is located on Alexander Hill. In the city there is a monument to Alexander Nevsky and a church built in his honor.

The Pereslavl squad, led by the prince, successfully fought during the Battle of the Neva and the Battle of the Ice.

At the end of the 13th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky was repeatedly attacked by the Tatar-Mongols and was significantly devastated.

Since the last ruling prince did not leave any heirs, in 1302 the Pereslavl principality became part of the Moscow state.

Reign of Ivan the Terrible

Ivan IV (the Terrible) showed considerable interest in the Pereslavl principality. Pereslavl could play an important defensive role, and therefore the fortified Nikitsky Monastery was built here. There is an assumption that craftsmen from the Caucasus took part in the construction of the fortress, who came to Moscow together with the wife of Ivan the Terrible, Maria Temryukovna.

On the initiative of Tsar Ivan the Terrible in 1564, the fortress walls, towers and cathedral of the oldest Pereslavl monastery - the Nikitsky Monastery - were rebuilt. In honor of the birth of the Tsar's son Fyodor, the Cathedral of Fyodor Stratelates was founded in the Fyodorovsky Monastery. 7 kilometers from the city, at the birthplace of Ivan the Terrible’s son, the Cross Chapel has stood since 1557.

Pereslavl-Zalessky gradually became a trade and craft center. He was repeatedly honored with visits from the great Moscow princes and kings. Within the city there were five monasteries where people came for pilgrimages. The monasteries have survived to varying degrees to this day. The kings were also attracted here by the hunting grounds.

Oddly enough, it was the freshwater herring, the so-called vendace, that brought real fame to the city. It even became an element of the city coat of arms. This fish was placed on the royal table and played an important role in the feasts. It was believed that in this way the voluntary entry of the Pereslavl principality into the Moscow state was celebrated, which marked the beginning of the unification of Russian lands.

Time of Troubles

At the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th centuries, Pereslavl-Zalessky, like many Russian cities, suffered seriously from the Polish invaders. At first, the townspeople supported False Dmitry and took his side. But soon a riot broke out, which was suppressed by Lisovsky’s troops. The city was almost completely destroyed.

After the liberation of the city, the Pereslavl squad participated in the liberation of Moscow from Polish troops.

Reign of Peter I

Pereslavl-Zalessky can be called one of the “homelands of the Russian fleet.” It was on Lake Pleshcheyevo at the end of the 17th century that the young Tsar Peter began the construction of a “fun flotilla”. To create this miniature squadron, craftsmen were gathered from all over the country. And although this flotilla initially acted as one of the tsar’s entertainments, it certainly played a significant role in the further development of the Russian fleet. From 1688 to 1692 More than 100 ships were launched, including several large frigates.

Pereslavl is called the birthplace of the Russian fleet, and Lake Pleshcheyevo is its cradle.

One surviving boat with the symbolic name “Fortune” has survived to this day. It is exhibited in a museum three kilometers away south of the city, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevo in the place where the shipyard was once located. Nearby there is a monument to Peter I.

Further development

Subsequent centuries did not bring much glory to the city.

From the beginning of the 18th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky turned into an ordinary district town of the Moscow province, and at the end of the century it became part of the Vladimir province. The suspension of development is due to the lack of direct railway communication. Due to the peculiarities of the terrain, the railway was built 23 km from the city. Probably, the significance of Pereslavl and its size were not considered particularly significant at that time. To connect the city to the circuit railways it was necessary to lay a hook, but this was not done.

However, the absence of this type of transport in Pereslavl also brought some advantages. The historical and architectural appearance of the city is well preserved. Not only buildings have reached us, Pereslavl - the only place, where the circular city rampart has completely survived. Now it serves as a place for walking, from where you can admire beautiful panoramic views.

The unique nature of the land of Zalesye, its architectural and historical monuments attracted many cultural and artistic figures: M. Prishvin, N. Ostrovsky, M. Gorky, F. Chaliapin, D. Kardovsky, O. Della-Vos-Kardovskaya, Korovin and V. Serov .

Modernity

Now Pereslavl-Zalessky is the third largest city in the Yaroslavl region. Its population is more than 23 thousand people. The development of the city is determined by the scientific, industrial and tourism spheres. It is home to an academic institute of software systems and a university.

The industry of Pereslavl-Zalessky is represented mainly by chemical and textile enterprises.

In the first half of the last century, the first film factory in the Soviet Union began operating here. Subsequently, on its basis, the Slavich company was created, which currently specializes in the production of photographic products, film and magnetic tapes.

Of particular interest are the products produced by the embroidery factory " New world" Here, traditional Russian patterns are skillfully applied to fabrics of any texture.

During times Soviet Union Pereslavl was included in the most interesting tourist route “Golden Ring of Russia”. Currently this ancient city receives about 200,000 tourists a year.

The unusual architecture of Pereslavl-Zalessky is of particular interest. Modern high buildings here they coexist harmoniously with ancient buildings, churches and monasteries. And although many of the ancient buildings cannot be classified as masterpieces of architecture, all of them are in one way or another connected with certain events in the history of Rus' and are of considerable interest from this point of view.

Religious monuments

During the Muscovite kingdom, Pereslavl-Zalessky occupied the position of the religious center of the Russian state, second only to the capital in importance. This period in the history of the city is associated with the names of Sergius of Radonezh, Metropolitans Peter and Pimen, Dmitry Prilutsky and many other religious ascetics.

In the Goritsky Monastery during the Mongol-Tatar invasion, the wife of Prince Dmitry Donskoy, Evdokia, with her little son in her arms, fled from persecution. The monastery was destroyed by the Tatars, and later restored with donations from Evdokia.

Tsars Ivan the Terrible and Vasily III came to the monasteries of Pereslavl on pilgrimage. They made great contributions to the development and strengthening of such famous monasteries as the Trinity, Danilov and Nikitsky monasteries.

The lives of many religious figures took place in the churches and monasteries of Pereslavl, who later Orthodox Church were canonized as saints.

Holy springs

In the vicinity of Pereslavl there are several underground springs. The water that flows from these springs is considered holy. Believers sincerely revere her, calling her healing.

Many legends and historical events are associated with the springs.

In a small chapel on the shore of the lake you can see the source of St. Barbara, which received its name after the appearance of the icon of this saint to the village holy fool.

The history of the Gremyach spring is interesting. According to legend, lightning once struck a large oak tree. In the place where the discharge went underground, a spring formed, which does not freeze in cold weather, and in the summer heat is protected from scorching rays by dense vegetation. Due to the low content of iron oxide in the water, the spring itself, its banks and aquatic flora have a reddish color.

The spring named after Nikita Pereslavsky is especially revered by religious people. According to legend, it was dug by the saint himself. The spring is surrounded by a small picturesque chapel and equipped with a bathhouse. It is believed that by bathing in its waters, you can be cured of any disease.

Legends of Zaleski town

The collection of household items on display covers a period of several centuries. Here you can see dishes for various purposes, samovars, tea boxes, table scales, and advertising signs. The museum is especially proud of its largest collection of irons of various shapes and sizes. Their number is about 170 copies.

Previously, this exhibition was called “Museum of Crafts”. Here are presented the original tools used by Pereslavl artisans, as well as the goods they produced: furniture and utensils.

Vase Museum

In the former manor's estate is located a large number of vases, decanters, jugs and jars created by skilled craftsmen of past centuries. In the museum you can buy souvenirs, as well as get a master class on artistic painting of dishes.

Berendey's House

The museum promotes the preservation of national Russian traditions and crafts.

Here you can buy original souvenirs made by craftsmen literally before your eyes, and try your hand at painting during daily master classes.

The house regularly holds folklore programs, during which visitors can have a lot of fun at the Fairytale Berendey Glade, where guests are greeted by the legendary Tsar himself. Here you can celebrate Maslenitsa, the Red Hill holiday and the Midwifery Rite.

Steam Locomotive Museum

The only railway museum of its kind in Russia. It is a railway line of a former narrow-gauge railway, overlooking a beautiful clearing in the middle of Lake Bludov. In several depots and on the tracks there is an exhibition of steam locomotives, carriages, railcars and other equipment. Those who wish are given the opportunity to ride on a steam locomotive or handcar.

The museum's collection consists of more than a hundred copies of all kinds of teapots made of various materials. Most of of them dates back to the century before last. Candy boxes, sugar bowls, spoons and other items related to the tea traditions of Rus' are also displayed here.

Money Museum

The private collection includes banknotes ranging from ancient Greek coins to securities of the last century. The exhibition also includes a selection of awards from Russia and European countries, expensive porcelain and antique toys.

Museum "The Birth of a Fairy Tale" or the Thirtieth Kingdom

The territory of the museum is stylized as an ancient Russian town. The entrance to it is blocked by massive gates with wooden towers. In the royal palace, guests are greeted by the owner himself and his daughter Vasilisa. Here you can take part in entertainment programs, frolic on the playground, but most importantly, the city museum is filled with characters from famous fairy tales and legends. Baba Yaga, Leshy, Vodyany, Brownies and Kikimors are waiting for the children in her hut.

Attractions:

The Kremlin, surrounded by an earthen rampart that has survived to this day, was the center of the city founded in 1152.
On the territory of the modern Kremlin there are several temples and churches and Red Square.

The single-domed cathedral made of white stone was founded in the 12th century by order of Yuri Dolgoruky. The temple is one of the most ancient architectural structures in the country. Currently it is located on the territory of the Pereslavl Kremlin and is a branch of the museum-reserve. Access to the interior of the cathedral is limited.

Red Square

The central square of Pereslavl-Zalessky, the place from which the construction of the city began. It is located on the territory of the Kremlin and is one of the favorite places for city residents to walk.

One of the most famous monasteries. The buildings that have survived to this day date back to the 17th and 18th centuries. On the territory of the monastery there is a beautiful Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. Its main difference is the luxurious iconostasis, consisting of several tiers.

The estate belongs oldest museums Russia. It is located on Lake Pleshcheevo, in the very place where Tsar Peter’s “amusing flotilla” was born. The ensemble of the estate consists of the White Palace, Botny House and Triumphal Gate. The surviving boat “Fortune” and a monument to Peter himself are also kept here.

Its origin dates back to the 12th century. The monastery was founded by order of Prince Boris Vladimirovich. The prince wanted local residents who worshiped pagan gods were converted to Christianity. For my centuries-old history The Nikitsky Monastery was destroyed more than once; the last devastation befell it in the last century. Nowadays, the entire monastery complex has been completely restored.

Nikolsky Monastery

St. Nicholas Convent was founded in 1350 by Dmitry Prilutsky. Over the years, it was destroyed several times, but has now been rebuilt. The main shrine of the monastery is the Korsun cross, brought here in the 17th century. Next to it is the Smolensk-Kornilievskaya Church, the only building that has survived from the Monastery of Boris and Gleb.

The legendary huge boulder lies on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo. It got its name due to its peculiar bluish-gray tint. The blue stone has been considered miraculous since ancient times. Currently, the stone block is gradually deepening into the coastal soil.

The Kleshchinsky complex, located on the shores of Lake Pleshcheeva, has the status archaeological site. In ancient times, settlements of the Merya people, and then Slavic tribes, were located here. The legendary Blue Stone located here was a symbol of their religious worship. For a long time, the center of this region was a city called Kleshchin, on the site of which Pereslavl-Zalessky was later founded. One of the objects of the complex is Alexandrova Mountain, which in ancient times was called Yarilin’s bald spot. From the top of the mountain there is a breathtaking view of Lake Pleshcheyevo and the panorama of the city.