Presentation on the topic of the Vyatka River. Presentation on the topic: "The city of Kirov on the Vyatka River. The coat of arms of the city of Kirov. For the first time, a bow and arrow appeared on the Vyatka Seal, which was included in the State Seal of Ivan the Terrible." Download for free and without registration. In p

Coat of arms of the city of KirovFor the first time a bow and arrow appeared on
Vyatka seal, which was introduced
on the State Seal
Ivan the Terrible in 1557.
There are several hypotheses
the appearance of the Vyatka symbol. In one of
the most probable hypotheses,
the bow is believed to symbolize
main occupation of the local
population - hunting.
Based on the Vyatka seal of the highest
approved May 28 (June 8), 1781
Empress Catherine II

City flag

Kirov (former names - Khlynov, Vyatka) is a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Kirov region. Forms a municipal entity "

Kirov (former names - Khlynov, Vyatka) -
city ​​in Russia, administrative center
Kirov region.
Forms municipality"city
Kirov". Located on the Vyatka River, 896 km from
Moscow.
The city has been known since 1374 under the name
Khlynov.
Historical, cultural, industrial and
scientific center of the Kirov region. Homeland
Dymkovo toys. "Fur" and "peat"
capital of Russia

History of Kirov

The first settlements in the territory
of the present Kirov were
presumably formed 2.5
thousands of years ago. By the 7th century here
the first ones formed
people of the Udmurt tribes,
Mari and Komi. Basic
settlements are located along
banks of the Cheptsy, Moloma and
Vyatka.

The city's attractions

Kirov is one of the oldest historical
Russian cities with rich
heritage in the form of historical monuments,
culture and architecture. City,
located on seven hills and having
amazing silhouette of buildings and places of worship
architectural ensembles, preserved
historical layout and connection with
to those around natural landscape.

One of the oldest cultural monuments is the majestic architectural ensemble of the Assumption Trifonov Monastery, paintings

One of the oldest
cultural monuments
is
majestic
architectural ensemble
Uspensky Trifonov
monastery,
picturesque
located on
embankment of the Vyatka River.
The monastery was founded
Saint Tryphon
Vyatsky in 1580.
Architectural ensemble
the monastery has the status
federal monument
architecture.

The building of the FSB Directorate for the Kirov Region, formerly the mansion of the merchant T.F. Bulycheva (architect I.A. Charushin)

Tikhon Filippovich Bulychev was
famous Vyatka merchant,
entrepreneur, owner
local shipping company,
owner of many houses and
philanthropist. His coffers
demonstrated wealth and
luxury finishing of the buildings being built
on the streets of the city residential
mansions. Beautiful castle With
griffins at the front entrance and
the openwork cast iron fence was
built in 1911. IN
mixing Gothic style with
exotic of the east, the building became
a unique building,
which became the decoration of Vyatka

Vyatka Kunstkamera

Museum "Vyatka Kunstkamera"
located in a typical
city ​​mansion of the 19th century,
built in 1860
The exhibition is based on
collection principle represents collections
items that existed in
urban environment of the late 19th and early 20th centuries: watches, dishes
from porcelain and earthenware,
household appliances, furniture and
etc.

House-Museum of M.E. Saltykova-Shchedrin

The museum is located in
house, where from 1848 to 1855.
lived a famous Russian
writer M.E. Saltykov Shchedrin, serving exile in
Vyatka

Examples of urban sculpture appearing in the city

"Horseshoe of Happiness" with
paved alley
personalized granite
slabs,
"Wish Tree"
Sculptural
composition “Stork
bringing forth a child"

Monument to the Vyatka Seal

The monument represents
stone copy of the Vyatka seal XVI
century. On the front side picture
a fragment of the monument is depicted
state seal of Ivan
Grozny - emblem in the form
bow with a bow overlaid
him with a feathered arrow and an inscription
around the "VYATTSKAYA PRINT".
The first printing monument in Russia
opened in 2007
Monument "Vyatka Seal", in
which is based on historical
coat of arms of the region - unique in meaning
in the expression "landmark"
Kirov, which has no analogues in the world.

The city has a large number of parks and recreation areas

Among them:

Green embankment with the Eternal Flame monument installed

Park named after S. Kirov

The Diorama Museum and Exhibition Center is located in the park named after S. Kirov.

Located in the park named after S. Kirov
Museum- Exhibition Center"Diorama"

Kirov is one of those priceless Russian cities that cannot be called a tourist city, although there is a lot to see. It is rich in cathedrals,

temples,
museums and many other cultural
legacies. This presentation gave you
opportunity to walk through some of them.
Love your city!
Thank you for your attention!

TRAVEL AROUND OLD VYATKA

Leading: Hello guys. Today we will go to unusual journey. It’s unusual because we don’t have to walk or drive. But, nevertheless, let's take a walk around the city of Kirov.

How often do we not notice the history that unfolds on the streets of our city. It is contained in the names of streets, houses... You just need to be able to see it. Let's walk with you through the streets old Vyatka and let's try to open it again.

Back in 1970, Kirov was recognized historical place Russia. And it’s not surprising: there are many buildings built in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. And we often pass by them, it seems to us that there is nothing to see in Kirov. But that's not true. You just need to know where to look. We have something to be proud of. If only because the city will be 635 years old this year. Less than Moscow or Kyiv, but more than St. Petersburg or Novosibirsk. Everything is learned by comparison, isn’t it?

Many streets of Kirov are more than 300 years old, so we will walk along the oldest streets of the city. Of course, we will not go around them all, but those that today, like 100-200 years ago, were the main streets of Vyatka.

So, take a look at the first slide. You see that it depicts the FSB Directorate of the Kirov Region. But this is now, but before it was the mansion of the merchant T. F. Bulychev. On what street is this house located?(Lenin). That's right, which means we will now talk about the street. Lenin.

St. Lenin – before the revolution had several names: Voznesenskaya, Pokrovskaya, Nikolaevskaya. The length of the street is 5870 m. Once upon a time, on the corner of the street. Lenin and Vorovsky (Semyonovskaya) stood the pearl of local architecture -Alexander Nevsky Cathedral. In January 1832, the Vyatka merchants decided to build a church in the name of the holy patron Alexander I, who visited Vyatka in 1824. At that time, the exiled architect A.L. Vitberg lived in the city, who drew up the design of the temple. This happened in 1839, and on August 30 the foundation stone of the temple took place. It took 25 years to build, the construction was completed in 1864. The temple was extraordinarily beautiful: the huge dome seemed to hover over the city, visible from afar, and especially well - in the perspective of Semyonovskaya Street (Vorovsky). It became perhaps the most important attraction of Vyatka. But... A revolution and a civil war broke out. The year 1937 came. They tried to close the temple for a long time, and then they got permission to demolish it. It was not possible to do this the first time, the strength of the masonry was so great. That's why they blew it up piece by piece. The place was empty for a long time, and only in 1968 a standard building of the Philharmonic was built, but it did not fulfill the main function: unifying the buildings of that part of the city, and such a task was not set, just an empty place reminiscent of the Witberg Cathedral.

In general, Lenin Street is rich in architectural monuments. So, next to the Philharmonic building there isAlexander's Church. There are not so many churches in Russia, and especially not every one has its own organ, and a real Catholic organ at that. In 1892, at the request of exiled Poles, the governor allowed local Catholics to open a house of worship. Two years later, the Poles applied for permission to build a church in honor of the deceased Emperor Alexander III, for which they turned to the Tsar. A lot of time was spent raising funds for the stone temple. They were collected not only in the Vyatka province, but also in Poland. On June 17, 1899, the foundation stone for the future church took place, and it opened on August 31, 1903. Services were held there until 1933. At the beginning of the 20th century. it was the only church from Vologda to Perm, from Kazan to Arkhangelsk. Fortunately, it did not suffer the same fate as other religious buildings; it was simply closed. The building was first transferred to the Veterinary Institute (now it is an agricultural academy), then it housed the society of the blind, the Almaz organization, and since 1978 it came under the jurisdiction of the Kirov Regional Executive Committee. In 1992-1993 the building was restored and it was used concert hall organ music. A Polish organ, Catholic crosses on the towers, and statues of the apostles in niches appeared here.

Next we will see the FSB building , built before the revolution by the merchant Bulychev. Even the purpose of the building still remains a mystery: according to some sources, it was built for Bulychev’s daughter, who allegedly lived in France, but she lived in Vyatka. There were rumors that the merchant had another daughter, and also that the house was intended for the bride (Bulychev was a widower), but the marriage did not take place, and the house remained empty. According to another version, the house was built for the Bulychev family, but soon after the completion of construction, the merchant separated from his wife, and no one began to live in the house. The style of the Bulychev mansion is a mixture of Gothic elements with oriental and classical elements. Therefore, the house looks quite impressive. Even by modern standards, the mansion was landscaped to the highest standard. All floors have baths with showers and hot and cold water in taps. Water heating with special heat regulators. The house had an elevator, electricity and telephone. And all this in 1911! Then it housed a hospital for war invalids, which was closed in 1915. Under Soviet rule, the building was used for a variety of purposes. Now it houses the Directorate of the Federal Security Service.

Probably many of you know where it isTrifonov Monastery. But not everyone knows what mystery is associated with it. Like everyone old City, Kirov has its secrets. One of them could even serve as an idea for a Hollywood horror film.

Now listen to the opinion of a student like you. “I like to listen to legends associated with different places. For a long time I thought that all the most interesting things were somewhere far away, and in my hometown of Kirov there could be nothing interesting or mysterious. It turned out that this was not the case."

He goes on to tell the story of the real underground passage. It was discovered in 1946 in the House of Pioneers, when renovations were being done there. The move led to the side cathedral. This cathedral does not exist now, but previously it was located next to the Tryphon Monastery. The length of the passage is only 17 m, it was examined several times, but little was found: an antique necklace, a candlestick. It turns out that an underground church was built in 1871; people called it a cave church, but not everyone could get there. Under Soviet rule, the cathedral was blown up, but the underground church survived. Now those who go downstairs, after walking a little, run into an iron door with an old rusty lock, and it is not clear what is behind it. By the way, some time ago the newspaper “Pro City” reported that workers excavated ancient masonry and found the crypt of a monk buried in the 19th century.

Yes, the system of ancient underground passages actually exists, it is hidden under the basements of houses, under the asphalt of the road. Legends say that underground passages extended much further. They also say that there is an underground lake, and therefore nothing was built on the site of the park that surrounds the House of Pioneers.

These are the secrets our city hides. Perhaps one of you can solve them. Now try to answer my questions.

Quiz

  1. The city of Khlynov was founded in...(1374)
  2. Botanical Garden in Vyatka was founded in ... year(1912)
  3. The original name of the ravine at the entrance to the city of Vyatka
  1. Razderikhinsky
  2. Zderikhinsky
  3. Vzderikhinsky

4 . The only nature reserve in the Kirov region

  1. "Bylina"
  2. "Nurgush"
  3. "Atar bow"

5 . The first name of the city of Kirov reads...(Khlynov)

6 . Famous brothers who lived in Vyatka?

  1. Grimm
  2. Vasnetsovs
  3. Kristovskie

7. What is the name of the famous religious procession?(Velikoretsky)

8. Children's park in Kirov, where at the beginning of the 20th century. was the first cinema opened?

  1. Gagarinsky
  2. park named after Kirov
  3. Apollo

9 . What is the oldest library in the city?

  1. them. Herzen
  2. them. Pushkin
  3. them. Greena

10 . In what year was it opened?

  1. 1850
  2. 1926
  3. 1837

Leading: Now we will move to another street. It is located in a completely different direction. Pay attention to this slide(A slide with a photograph of Kazanskaya Street is shown). This photograph is more than 100 years old, and it depicts Kazanskaya Street, its modern name is Bolshevikov. And we move through time and space, virtually, of course!

Bolshevikov Street- before the revolution bore the beautiful name Kazanskaya. One of the oldest and longest streets in the city: its length is about 3480 m. It got its name from the fact that the street led to the old Kazansky tract. After the revolution, the street changed its name twice: first it was Trotsky Street, and then the Bolsheviks.

In the past, the former Kazanskaya had several unique features.

1. At the beginning of the 19th century. it was one of the longest, busiest, and busiest. 2. Kazanskaya street is the only one that does not cross the Razderikhinsky ravine, but goes around it.

3. There are Old Pits on it - unique place in our city. But for this we will go to medieval Khlynov. Christian church prohibited burying in cemeteries those who died an unnatural death: suicides. Their bodies were taken to wretched houses (skudelnitsy), which were the names of the deep pits into which the bodies of the dead were thrown. Only once a year did they serve a memorial service here, and after it they dug a hole and immediately dug a new one for the next year. In the 18th century The only reminders of this burial were the unevenness of the relief - the old pits and the funeral chapel next to them. Researcher Tinsky clarified the “address” of Stary Yam: this is a section of Kazanskaya Street between Razderikhinskaya (Truda) and Pyatnitskaya (St. Khalturina) streets.

Leading: Our path today is difficult and long, but let's continue it and move to the next street.

st. Moscow – One of the few streets in the city that has returned to its original name. It was called that because it overlooked the old Moscow highway. From 1918 to 1993 it was called the street. Communes.

On May 9, 1985, car traffic was banned along it for the first time (on part of the street up to Teatralnaya Square), but this section never became completely pedestrian.

The length of the street is 4250 meters, there is a trauma clinic, school No. 22, a military prosecutor's office, a pharmaceutical factory, a law academy, a cabinet of curiosities, etc.

This is one of the ancient streets of the city, its history is rich and interesting. On it, one of the first four streets, lanterns were installed to illuminate the streets, “adhering to the patterns existing in capital cities.” By December 1823, 160 lanterns had been made, with tallow candles burning dimly.

Moscow street is interrupted Theater Square. Many people think that this is a young square. But that's not true. It appeared more than 200 years ago, originally called Khlebnaya. In 1865 a park was laid out on the square, and in 1877 a wooden theater was built. As a result, the square began to be called Teatralnaya. In 1939, the modern drama theater building was erected, and in 1974 the fountain was reconstructed. Our city was among the first in the country to implement the idea of ​​a dynamic fountain with a changing jet shape.

Leading: Look at the next slide, you will see K. Marx Street as it was at the beginning of the 19th century, 100 years ago.

Karl Marx Street- before the Vladimir revolution. The most central street of the city, but only the fourth in length: 5600 m. There are exactly 100 houses on it, although the last house is number 191. The explanation is simple: new houses “sat down” in the place of several former “pieces of wood” at once.

The street doesn’t need any special introduction: it’s great amount the most important objects are located on it. The street ends quietly and imperceptibly, getting lost in the dilapidated houses in the area of ​​Blucher Street.

The memorial plaque on the memorial house of K. Marx, 73 tells only about the events of 1905 - a meeting on the occasion of the Tsar's manifesto, and January 1918 - the first provincial congress of Soviets. However, the history of the house is long. The building was built in 1799. And in 1884 it became the property of the provincial zemstvo government. After the revolution, the provincial executive committee was located here, and now it belongs to children: the first floor is occupied by the regional children's library named after. A. S. Green, and the second - a puppet theater.

Leading: We only have two streets left to go through. They are central, one of the main streets of the city, and we often drive along them and do not think about how many events they have seen. Pay attention to Drelevskaya and Engels streets.

St. Drelevsky (Spasskaya)– One of the most ancient streets of the old city was even paved with cobblestones. A public meeting, a men's gymnasium, banks, the residence of the Vyatka governor, and the first power station (1903) were located here. The first city transport passed along Spasskaya Street, although the route was short by the standards of our time. Despite the renaming (1918), the street retained its business spirit even under the new government. The buildings of the regional court, the main post office, and Kirovenergo are located here.

At one time, an attempt was made to create a “mini-Arbat” on the street, but then the artists moved to Moskovskaya. Another attraction of the street is the Smena children's cinema; in 1997 it celebrated its 40th anniversary, but in 1999 it was closed by decision of the city administration.

The length of the street is almost 2 km, there are 71 buildings on it. In 1903, Spasskaya Street, one of three, received electric lighting.

Probably the most famous building in our city belonging to this street is the Theater on Spasskaya.

There are also bad rumors and legends about this street. In the 30s 17th century There were already three prisons in our city. One was built in 1627-28. not far from the bishop's house. Khlynov also had its own executioner, who tortured those arrested and carried out court sentences. History has preserved for us the name of Pavel Gavrin; he was an executioner in 1679. His work site was located outside the city on an elevated place near the intersection of modern Drelevsky Street with Oktyabrsky Prospekt. There, those sentenced to death were quartered and wheeled, and their bodies were left to be torn to pieces by birds and dogs. Church criminals, mainly schismatics, were often burned here.

Engels street – Before the revolution it was called Preobrazhenskaya. This is one of the oldest and main streets of the old city. It started from the Transfiguration Convent, hence the name.

For the entire 2360 m it goes strictly to the west, without turning anywhere until it hits the railway. The Museum of Cosmonautics and Aviation named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky is located on it, on the street. Engels is published by the Drama Theater and a number of organizations: CNTI, Central City Library named after. A. S. Pushkin, various dispensaries. The street ends. Engels Kirov-2 station (Former Petersburg station). Now we call it “Kirov-2”, but once it was the first station in the city of Vyatka, and its construction is connected with the construction of the first Perm-Vyatka-Kotlass railway. The decree on the start of construction of the railway from Perm to Kotlass was signed by the Tsar in 1895, work began on August 19, 1895, two years later the building was laid, and on October 21, 1898 at 7.30 the railway ticket office opened, and the station came into operation action, accepting the first passengers on the Vyatka-Glazov train. With the construction of the railway to Kotelnich, the importance of this station fell; from the main station it turned into “Vyatka-2”, except commuter trains Only the Kirov-Kotlass train stops here.

Leading: Our journey has ended. Today we tried to look at old Vyatka, look at the old houses, old streets, touch the secrets of our city. And finally, I suggest you answer the quiz questions.

1. What year do you think the Alexander Garden was opened?

  1. 1861
  2. 1835
  3. 1881

2. What was the name of Lenin Street before?(Nikolaevskaya, Voznesenskaya)

3 . What was the name of the street before? Tap water?(Kikimorskaya)

4. Whose house-museum is located on the street. Lenin?(Saltykova-Shchedrin)

5. How many and what kind of stations do you know?(4: river, 2 railway, bus station)

6. What do you think is the oldest museum in the city?

  1. Vasnetsov
  2. local history (142 years old)
  3. B) museum named after Tsiolkovsky

7. How many hills is Kirov located on?(At 7)

8 . Do you know what distinguishes school number 27 from all other urban schools in the country?(It houses the only school planetarium in the country)

9. What is the name of the oldest train station in the city?

  1. Permian
  2. Moscow
  3. Kotlassky

10. Which park in the city is more than 300 years old?

  1. Gagarinsky
  2. Zarechny
  3. arboretum

Literature:

  1. Vyatka. Monuments and memorable places// state M. N. Boychuk. - Kirov, 2002. - 256 p.
  2. Vyatka alphabet. Encyclopedia for children // comp. G. I. Emelyanova. - Kirov, 2005. - 112 p.
  3. The capital of the land of Vyatka. Photo album. - Kirov: Vyatka Book Publishing House, 2002. - 248 p.
  4. Khlynov. Vyatka. Kirov. Guide to the city streets // comp. G. I. Emelyanova. - Kirov, 1999. - 72 p.

Preview:

Famous people of Vyatka

Leading. Vyatka has always been famous for its people. Many famous personalities were born either in Vyatka itself or in the Vyatka province. They glorified Russia, and with it their small homeland, because they never hid their origin and were proud of the land that gave them life. Today we will talk about them, learn new names, remember old ones. Your task is to guess the person in question. Using my clues you can guess who it is. So, let's begin.

Slides are shown, after each - full name, years of life, occupation.

Shalyapin Fedor Ivanovich (1873-1938)

  1. He was born in Kazan in 1873, where his parents moved in search of a better life. His mother was born in the village. Dudintsi of Kumensky volost, father - in the village. Vozhgaly. Since childhood, he began to work early, and from his youth he was interested in theater, participating in performances as extras.
  2. As an artist, he emerged in St. Petersburg, where his brilliant creative activity began. He performed with great success in America, France, Italy and Finland.
  3. After the revolution, he remained to live in Paris, but was very homesick for Russia. Until the end of his life, he carried with him a Vyatka box with a handful of Russian soil from his mother’s grave. He died in Paris in 1938, his ashes were transported to Moscow and reburied at the Novodevichy cemetery in 1984.

Answer: F.I. Chaliapin - the great Russian singer

Yes, that's right. Chaliapin loved the Vyatka land very much, called himself a “Vyatka peasant”, “Vyatichi”. He always helped his fellow countrymen: he sent money and books to the Vozhgal library, and when there was a crop failure in the province, he sent part of the proceeds from the concert to the starving.

Savinykh Viktor Petrovich (born in 1940)

  1. He was born in 1940 in the village. Berezkiny Orichevsky district. After school he graduated from Perm College railway transport, worked for railway. He studied at the Moscow Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography Engineers. He worked in the design bureau of S.P. Korolev, developing instruments for spacecraft. I flew into space myself.
  2. Now he is the rector of the University of Geodesy and Cartography, writes scientific papers, and was elected academician of the International Academy of Astronautics.
  3. With his help, they created the Tsiolkovsky Museum of Aviation and Cosmonautics, to which he provided personal items and awards.

Answer: V. P. Savinykh - cosmonaut, twice hero of the Soviet Union

Konev Ivan Stepanovich (1897-1973)

  1. He was born in 1897 in the village. Lodeyno, Podosinovsky district, in a peasant family. A participant in the First World War, after the revolution he fought in the ranks of the Red Army, where he held important positions. After the end Civil War studied at the Military Academy named after M. V. Frunze.
  2. He began the Great Patriotic War as commander of the 19th Army and commanded the troops of the Western Front. After a severe defeat near Vyazma, Zhukov saved him from trial and execution. And then he successfully acted during the counter-offensive near Moscow, his troops liberated Kharkov and Belgorod. In 1944, he was awarded the highest military rank of “Marshal of the Soviet Union.”
  3. He was twice awarded the Order of the Golden Star, and was also awarded the highest Soviet Order of Victory, seven Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, three Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of Suvorov, 1st degree, two Orders of Kutuzov, 1st degree, the Order of the Red Star, and medals.
  4. In the city of Kirov there is a square named after him, as well as a monument.

Answer: I. S. Konev - commander, twice hero of the Soviet Union.

Our famous fellow countryman, an extraordinary personality, military talent. The monument to Konev was transported from Polish city Krakow. Streets in Moscow, Kharkov, Kirov, Donetsk and other cities, as well as a higher military school in Alma-Ata, are named after him. He was buried in Moscow on Red Square near the Kremlin wall.

Green Alexander Stepanovich (1880-1932)

  1. Our hero was born in 1880 in the city of Slobodsky, in the family of an exiled participant in the uprising, and when he was 4 years old, the family moved to Vyatka. Soon his mother died, and he did not get along with his stepmother, so he left home. For many years he wandered around Russia, suffering hardships and humiliation everywhere.
  2. For participation in the Socialist Revolutionary movement (revolutionary terrorists) he was sent into exile, escaped from there, and lived on a false passport. It was at this time that he began to write, signing them with the pseudonym under which he became famous.
  3. During his lifetime he wrote more than 400 works, some manuscripts were lost. His imagination created magical land, and its name gave the name to the famous music festival, which, by the way, takes place every year in the Kirov region.
  4. He is called a romantic writer, he believed in the power of goodness and love, which is why many works are written about people going through difficult trials and receiving rewards for their patience.

Answer: A. S. Green is a writer.

Streets and libraries in many Russian cities are named after him; in Kirov, since 2000, a prize named after him has been awarded annually. A. S. Green "for works for children and youth, imbued with the spirit of romance."

Dyakonov Leonid Vladimirovich (1908-1995)

  1. Born in 1908, in the city of Kirov (then Vyatka), he learned to write and read early. He first published his first poems and notes in the school wall newspaper, and from the age of 17 he began to publish in Vyatka newspapers. Became a children's writer by accident. He was arrested on false charges and sent to prison. He came out of it a completely sick man; he was not published anywhere. Often there was no money even for bread. That’s when he began publishing books of Vyatka folklore.
  2. He collected songs, riddles, proverbs, traveled a lot around his native land, met people, wrote down fairy tales, ditties, and riddles everywhere. In total, he accumulated about 60 thousand texts. In addition to collecting folklore, he wrote his own children's poems.
  3. He is known for the collection “The Magic Ring” and the story “The Deer - Golden Antlers”. In total, he wrote more than 30 books.

Answer: L. V. Dyakonov - poet and writer

His name is included in the reference publication “Soviet Children's Writers”, one of the libraries in Kirov bears his name, and a prize named after him is awarded annually. Dyakonova.

Zabolotsky Nikolai Alekseevich (1903-1958)

  1. He was born in Kazan in 1903, but the family moved to the village. Sernur, Urzhum district. His cousin is our Vyatka writer. Our hero has been published in many magazines and is known for his poems for children. Some, by the way, you teach at school.
  2. In 1938 he was repressed and was in Kazakhstan, the Altai Territory, and the Far East. Since it was almost impossible to publish, he made his living by translating. Among the most famous is “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign,” which you also read at school.
  3. In May, traditional days dedicated to his memory are held in the Kirov region, and since 1989 a literary prize has been awarded in Urzhum. His cousin, Leonid Vladimirovich Dyakonov, was engaged in research into the Vyatka period of his life.

Answer: N.A. Zabolotsky is a poet.

Likhanov Albert Anatolyevich (born in 1935)

  1. He was born in 1935. After studying at the university, he worked for the Kirovskaya Pravda newspaper, as Komsomolskaya Pravda’s own correspondent for Western Siberia, and was the editor of the Smena magazine. He was the chairman of various organizations for youth, youth and children. It was on his initiative that the Children's Fund was created. Lenin.
  2. Now he is the chairman of the Russian Children's Fund, president international association children's funds. He is also known abroad.
  3. He is also the author of many books for children and youth, which are read in school. But there are works for adults too. Several years ago, a library named after him was opened in Kirov.

Answer: A. A. Likhanov is a writer, journalist and public figure.

Sitnikov Vladimir Arsentievich (born in 1930)

  1. This man was born in 1930 in the village. Maloe Kabanovo, Kumensky district. And at the age of 7 he moved to Kirov. Even at school, he realized that he would be a writer. He studied at the university and was assigned to Moscow, but returned to hometown, where he worked at a newspaper and wrote books. His early works were written on the theme of revolution and civil war.
  2. The heroes of the following books were ordinary Vyatka people. And he was glorified by the story “Russian Stove”, which was republished several times, and then he became famous throughout the Soviet Union. This man seriously studied the problem of agriculture, wrote and is now writing a lot on this topic, is a leading publicist in the Non-Black Earth Region and chairman of the board of a regional writers' organization.
  3. In the 90s he managed to organize the publication of a multi-volume encyclopedia of the Vyatka region: “Encyclopedia of the Vyatka Land”, and no other region in the world can boast of such a publication Russian Federation. He was awarded the title “Honored Worker of the Russian Federation” and the title “Honorary Citizen of the Kirov Region”; he is a laureate of the All-Russian Prize named after. N. M. Karamzina.

Answer: V. A. Sitnikov is a writer, publicist and playwright.

Isakova Maria Grigorievna (born in 1918)

  1. This athlete went down in the history of speed skating as a multiple champion of the USSR, multiple world, European and USSR record holder, multiple world champion in classical all-around. Now, in order to win the classic all-around, you need to show the best result in all races, that is, you don’t have to win everything. And earlier, in the middle of the 20th century, it was necessary to become a winner in all races: 500 m, 1500 m, 5000 m, 10000 m, so there were multiple winners in this discipline in the middle of the 20th century. there was very, very little.
  2. Her path to world fame began at the Kirov Dynamo stadium, where she entered as a “hare”. Then they noticed her talent and perseverance and took her to the national team. She first competed at the World Championships in 1948, where she immediately won a gold medal. After this victory, in 1949 and 1950 she won the world championship in classical all-around, and her record was broken only 15 years later.
  3. In total, she won 4 gold medals at the world championships, she is the author of the books “Ice Paths” and “Towards Treasured Frontiers”, an Honorary Citizen of the city of Kirov.

Answer: M. G. Isakova is an athlete.

Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Eduardovich (1857-1935)

  1. This outstanding man was born in 1857 in the village. Izhevsk Spassky district Ryazan region, but soon his family moved to Vyatka. Since childhood, he loved making toys and watching birds fly. I dreamed about flying. While studying at the Vyatka men's gymnasium, he began to conduct experiments, design machines, instruments, and aircraft.
  2. He was never able to receive the special technical education that he dreamed of, since in childhood, having suffered from scarlet fever, he lost his hearing. Therefore, he began to educate himself, but in Moscow. Until the end of his life he taught physics and mathematics.
  3. He wrote more than 600 works devoted to aeronautics and aerodynamics. He was the first to propose a retractable wheeled chassis. In his books, he described with amazing accuracy the conditions and many details of space flight. It was he who predicted the phenomenon of weightlessness and proposed the idea of ​​​​creating near-Earth orbital stations. He also outlined the theory of composite rockets - the prototype of modern multi-stage rockets.

Answer: K. E. Tsiolkovsky is a scientist, inventor, founder of the theory of astronautics.

Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich (1848-1926)

  1. He was born in 1848 in the village. Lopyal, but all his childhood and youth years were spent in the village. Ryabovo. At home he learned to read, write, count, as well as his first drawing skills. He continued to draw while studying in Vyatka. He made drawing his profession.
  2. Being a mature man, at the age of 30, he moved to Moscow. It was then that he moved from genre painting to the historical genre, the genre of the Russian epic, the genre of the Russian fairy tale. He creates a large canvas “After the battle of Igor Svyatoslavovich with the Polovtsians.”
  3. He became famous for his paintings based on Russian folk tales, many of them are included in anthologies on Russian literature. I visited my brother Arkady in Vyatka many times in his house on Volodarsky Street, and took part in the creation of an art museum in our city, which, by the way, bears his name.

Answer: V. M. Vasnetsov is an artist.

Bekhterev Vladimir Mikhailovich (1857-1927)

  1. This man was born in 1857 into the family of a village policeman. Since childhood I have been interested in natural science. After high school, he entered the Medical-Surgical Academy, from which he graduated with honors. He began to specialize further in nervous and mental illnesses.
  2. He is the creator of the psychophysiological laboratory, the founder of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists, and the journal “Neurological Bulletin”. On his initiative, the Institute for the Study of the Brain and Mental Activity was created in St. Petersburg. It was he who created the doctrine of the conductive tracts of the spinal cord and brain, and proved that there are centers in the brain that control the activities of all human organs.
  3. He proposed new methods of treating nervous and mental illnesses; he was the first to suggest treating the mentally ill with music. He is the author of more than 600 scientific papers.

Answer: V. M. Bekhterev – medical scientist, psychiatrist, academician.

Leading: Today we did not talk about everyone whose homeland was Vyatka or Vyatka land. There are many more people who were born here and became famous writers, poets, artists, scientists or athletes. In addition, Vyatka has traditionally been a place of exile, and many great people served it here. Let's remember their names (Names are given: Saltykov-Shchedrin, Vitberg, Herzen, Klyuev, etc.) Stalin also visited here while passing through during his revolutionary activities. And learn more about famous people Vyatka, you can always learn about its history, the history of the Vyatka region in our library.

QUIZ “MIXED-UP PAGE”

Leading: I suggest you play a little game. You will see a slide with names famous people our city, but on the contrary - the type of their activity. Only here's the problem! Names and professions are mixed up, so your task is to correctly determine who each person is.

A. A. Likhanov writer

V. P. Savinykh figure skating

F. I. Chaliapin poet

I. S. Konev ex-governor

V. M. Vasnetsov Chairman of the Children's Fund

M. G. Isakova cosmonaut

O. V. Lyubovikov singer

O. Domnina speed skating

N. I. Shaklein Marshal

L. V. Dyakonov artist

Bibliography

  1. Vyatka and Vyatchans. Encyclopedia for teenagers // comp. L. V. Shevchenko and others - Kirov, 2006. - 176 p.
  2. Encyclopedia of the Vyatka Land. T. 6 “Notable people”. - Kirov: “Vyatka”, 1996. - 364 p.

    Likhanov Albert Anatolyevich (born in 1935) - writer, journalist and public figure

    Sitnikov Vladimir Arsentievich (born in 1930) - writer, publicist and playwright

    Isakova Maria Grigorievna (born in 1918) - athlete - speed skater

    Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Eduardovich (1857 - 1935) - theorist of aeronautics, aerodynamics, founder of astronautics, philosopher

    VASNETSOV VIKTOR MIKHAILOVICH (1848 - 1926) - RUSSIAN ARTIST

    Bekhterev Vladimir Mikhailovich (1857 - 1927) - scientist - physician, psychiatrist, academician

    N. I. Shaklein O. Domnina O. M. Lyubovikov O. L. Knipper - Chekhova E. I. Charushin N. N. Khokhryakov Actress Writer and artist Ex-governor Figure skating Artist poet



    • At that time, different tribes and peoples lived on the Vyatka River. Our native country Vyatka was rich. There are many gifts of nature in Vyatka, the abundance of animals was simply surprising. And the Novgorodians settled on this land. And they gave the town the name Nikulitsyn. In honor of the memory of Saints Boris and Gleb, the first temple was built on Vyatka land.

    • A lot of people poured into our area. Built new fortress with towers near the Khlynovitsa River. The city was named the city of Khlynov. This is the first Khlynovo Kremlin.

    • Our pagan neighbors wouldn’t let up; they were going to attack Khlynov. The Vyatichi Ustyuzhans called to help, and they came into the night. Dark. The guards are in the dark and angry! Our guys fought with ours all night. In the morning we realized the mistake and shed tears. In memory of those who fell, a chapel stands above the ravine. And the ravine is called Razderikhinsky.

    • Popular wisdom says: “The earth does not stand without a righteous person.” St. Tryphon, the Vyatka miracle worker, saves the earth. Father Tryfon became the first monk in Vyatka and built the first monastery here. This temple is called Assumption, because. it was built by the monk brothers in honor of the Dormition of the Mother of God.. St. Tryphon is in heaven responsible for the Vyatka land and helps in all matters.

    • Later the city became like this: a Kremlin, a moat around it, a suburb behind it. In the Kremlin - main temple Vyatka Land - Holy Trinity and St. Nicholas Cathedral. The Vyatka shrine was preserved in it - the icon of Nicholas the Wonderworker. To the left of the cathedral is the bell tower. The bishop lived nearby. Here is his courtyard in front of the cathedral.

    • And behind the walls of the Kremlin lived ordinary people. The kids loved to ride down the hill and throw snowballs in the winter.

    • On the high steep bank of Vyatka: churches, houses, gardens. More recently, the city was decorated with 3 monasteries, 5 cathedrals and 39 churches.


    • Pushkin’s wife, the scientist Tsiolkovsky, and the architect Vitberg came to this church to pray.

    • What didn’t they sell there! Berries, mushrooms, felt boots, little shoes, whistle toys... That’s how the fair was noisy on retail space at the Holy Trinity Cathedral.

    • In ancient times, churches were built from wood. In the old days they began to build from stone. Stone is stronger. The temple will stand longer and will not burn down.

    • In front of us is the Alexander Garden. On the right is the rotunda, on the left is the Church of the Transfiguration.

    • Tsar Alexander 1 came to Vyatka. In memory of this event, the Alexandrovsky Garden was built in the city and the Alexander Nevsky Church was built.

    • There have been bad times in history. To stop the time of troubles, the Russian people chose Tsar Michael from the Romanov family. The Feodorovskaya church in Vyatka rose in praise of the royal family.

    • In order for Vyatka to stand and look prettier, you need to do more than just look at pictures! You need to take care of and love every blade of grass, hut, and toy, so that future children will want to live in our city!

    Thank you for your attention!

    Literature:

    N.V.Demidova OLD VYATKA

    Drawings by T.P. Dedova

    Lesson topic: “On the streets of Old Vyatka”

    (Slide No. 1)

    Purpose of the lesson: to introduce students to the layout and architectural monuments of the provincial city of Vyatka in the 19th century.

    Type of lesson - learning new material (the lesson can also be held as a final lesson at the end of studying the topic; then students can participate in preparing the presentation, and you can also listen to various excursion options prepared in advance by students)

    The form of the lesson is a practical lesson.

    The lesson material can be designed for 40 or 80 minutes (depending on how much time the teacher has on this topic)

    Expected results: as a result of the lesson, students will be able to

    • name the architectural monuments of our city of the 19th century.
    • list the names of famous residents of Vyatka;
    • expand your understanding of the life of provincial residents;
    • correlate historical street names with modern names;

    Basic concepts: architectural monument, regular city plan, classicism

    Key dates: 1780, 1784, 1917,

    Equipment: table with street names ( appendix 2), city plan ( Annex 1), presentation .

    During the classes

    1. Introductory part of the lesson:

    a) Motivational block and updating of the proposed topic (the teacher’s task is to create interest in the proposed topic)

    b) Organizational part (expected results are formulated, work rules are determined, instructions are given)

    2. Main part of the lesson:

    Information block of the lesson (considering information during a conversation, working with a regular city plan, commenting on illustrations from the presentation, searching for answers to questions; it is important that the result of the activity is a certain product - a city tour scheme)

    3. The final part of the lesson

    :

    (Substantive and organizational results are summed up, reflection is carried out, student activities are assessed, homework).

    Expected results must correspond to three main components - knowledge, skills, values ​​and attitude.

    (Slide No. 1 of the presentation)

    Historical maps are different. How many of you have seen a map of a city the height of a five-story building? Who knows what map? we're talking about? This is the implementation of the project of the youth historical and local history club “Mir” for the 635th anniversary of the city: at the end of house No. 89 on the street. Derendyaeva. There is a plan of the old city with a historical landscape (Moskovskaya Street with the Catherine Church). A recreation area has been created near the house, pedestrian paths have been laid out with tiles with inscriptions of street names. According to the project, it is planned to install a sculpture of a Vyatka city dweller here. Once the landscaping of the area is completed, the site will become a venue for excursions and exhibitions of young photographers and artists.

    (Slide No. 3)

    Our map is very similar to this one large map, but only in much smaller sizes. On everyone's desk there is a copy of one of the first plans for the regular development of Vyatka. To make it easier for us to find the necessary streets and buildings, we will use a chip (button) and, like in a children's game, we will move it as we move along the city streets.

    (Slide No. 2)

    Today in class I invite you to take a short trip through the streets of the old provincial Vyatka. Let us leisurely walk along the main streets of the old city and see the architectural monuments of the 19th century. We will see temples and churches, noble estates and merchant mansions, trading shops and wooden houses of ordinary townspeople.

    Expected results: at the end of the lesson, students will be able to: name the architectural monuments of the city of the 19th century; list the names of famous residents of Vyatka; correlate historical street names with modern names;

    (Slide No. 3)

    The very first regular plan of Vyatka was drawn up by the Vyatka architect Filimon Merkuryevich Roslyakov in 1784. He worked in this position for 20 years, drawing up 128 designs for churches and bell towers, 816 designs for residential buildings, schools, pharmacies, shops, and barns. Buildings built according to his design still stand on the streets of Vyatka. The layout of the city used to be radial, like in Moscow, where streets like rays ran from the Kremlin. On the new plan of Vyatka, the city looked like a chessboard: the streets ran in straight lines from north to south, from west to east, intersected at right angles and divided the city into squares (blocks). In F. Roslyakov’s first plan there were 16 streets and 6 squares. It was planned to build bridges across ditches and ravines inside the city. According to the new rules, only stone houses could be built in the city center. The first to build were two large stone houses for provincial institutions (public places), then they began to build up Moskovskaya, Spasskaya, Preobrazhenskaya streets. The first bridge, which connected the oldest part of the city with the Monastyrskaya and Kikimorskaya Sloboda, was built across the Zasora ravine.

    (Slide No. 4)

    The city grew quickly. In 1820 there were 23 streets, the number of stone buildings increased to 30. In the middle of the 19th century there were already about 100 stone houses in the city. In times of mud, Vyatka streets and squares were completely impassable, and pedestrians were saved from the mud by sidewalks made of boards, raised so high that the feet of passersby were visible from the windows of the first floor. At the beginning of the 19th century, each house had its own vegetable garden, and cows could graze freely on the outskirts of the city. In 1880 there were already 28 streets and 8 squares, which divided the city into 130 blocks. There were 1080 wooden houses, and 172 stone ones. On the main streets of the city, Spasskaya, Moskovskaya, Preobrazhenskaya, Vladimirskaya, Nikolaevskaya, Tsarevskaya, 160 lanterns were installed.

    (Slide No. 5)

    Find the Vyatka River in the eastern part of the plan. “The city (Krutogorsk) is located very picturesquely. When you approach it on a summer evening, from the side of the river, your eyes from afar will see the city garden, public places and this beautiful group of churches that dominates the entire surrounding area on the steep bank. You won’t take your eyes off this picture,” Russian satirist M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote about our city.

    In 1848, the 22-year-old youth Saltykov arrived in Vyatka, accompanied by a gendarme, to serve political exile and remained here until 1855. He was appointed an official of special assignments in the office of the Vyatka governor. The writer constantly traveled around the province, sorting out litigation between landowners and peasants. The heroes of Saltykov’s books, everyday life and landscape sketches are associated with Vyatka, and in his “Provincial Sketches” the city “Krutogorsk” is our Vyatka: “In one of the distant corners of Russia there is a city that somehow especially speaks to my heart. It’s not that it is distinguished by magnificent buildings, there are no seven-ramid gardens in it, you won’t find even a single three-story house in a long row of streets, and all the streets are not paved; but there is something peaceful, patriarchal in his whole physiognomy...”

    (Slide No. 6)

    Find a large circle in the plan south of the river, with the number 1 in it. This is Novo-Khlebnaya Square in Staraya Vyatka. Now it doesn’t exist, but then, in the middle of the 19th century. the largest and most beautiful temple in Vyatka was built on it; it is also called the “Pearl of Vyatka architecture.” What was the name of this temple?

    (Slide No. 7)

    This is the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral. With a huge dome, as if floating above the city, it was visible from afar, especially clearly visible from the perspective of Semenovskaya Street (modern Vorovsky Street). The temple became the main attraction of the city; it was considered popular because... it was built using voluntary donations collected throughout the province. Now this is the territory of the modern park named after. Gagarin, almost in the same place where the building of the Kirov Philharmonic is located. The cathedral was built from 1839 to 1864 according to the design of the exiled architect Alexander Vitberg, a student of the Academy of Arts. The young unknown architect Vitberg won the competition for the construction of the main cathedral of Russia - the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow. But during this construction, a number of violations were committed, and as a result, the innocent Vitberg was exiled to Vyatka into exile under police supervision. Thus, instead of the main temple of the country, Vitberg built a temple in Vyatka. On October 8, 1824, Emperor Alexander I returned from the Urals to St. Petersburg through Vyatka and Orlov. In honor of his stay in Vyatka, the Church of the Holy Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky was founded. Art historians talk about a mixture of architectural styles (eclecticism): elements of romanticized Gothic are combined with Byzantine traditions. Therefore, the cathedral is a unique architectural monument. What can you say about the future fate of the cathedral?

    (Slide No. 8)

    After the revolution, the authorities tried to adapt the temple, first as a theater, then as a physical education palace. In the 1930s, during the Bolsheviks’ struggle with religion, about 20 churches were blown up in the Vyatka province, including the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral that was blown up on March 26, 1937. In total, 277 churches were destroyed on Vyatka land in the 20th century.

    (Slide No. 9)

    Look at the plan: from the cathedral we will walk along Nikolaevskaya Street. This is one of the main streets of our city. During its history, Lenin Street had several names: first Voznesenskaya, then Voskresenskaya, the third name was Pokrovskaya, before the revolution it began to be called Nikolaevskaya, and now Lenin Street. This is already her fifth title.

    (Slide No. 10)

    Find the number 40 on the plan of Nikolaevskaya Street. Here is a unique monument of Vyatka architecture, which looks more like a Western European castle. This mansion belonged to the shipowner, merchant and philanthropist Tikhon Bulychev and was built according to the design of the Vyatka architect I.A. Charushin in 1909-1911. in the English Gothic style with elements of Assyrian-Babylonian and Moorish architecture. The castle was made with fantastic ingenuity: there were baths with showers on all floors, water heating with heat regulators on radiators. The mosaic floors and wide staircase were amazing. Electricity, telephone, elevator - another unheard of thing for provincial Vyatka at that time. Due to family troubles, the house was hardly used and T. Bulychev gave the mansion into the ownership of the city. In 1915, the Home for the Disabled and Orphans was opened in the building, under the patronage of His Majesty the Emperor Nicholas II. During the Civil War, the Headquarters of the 3rd Army of the Eastern Front moved into luxurious apartments, as evidenced by the memorial plaque installed on the building. Since 1919 it has been protected by the state as a historical and cultural monument. In 2000, the building was restored, and sculptures of chimeras and double-headed eagles with crowns were installed on the façade. Now the Directorate of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation for the Kirov Region is located here.

    (Slide No. 11)

    Find on the plan to the west of the river the Zasora ravine, st. Kikimorskaya (modern Vodoprovodnaya), it runs almost parallel to the river. Here, in the quarter of modern Gorbachev, Uritsky, M. Gvardiya, and Vodoprovodnaya streets, there is an entire architectural complex. In the plan this is number 6

    Who can say what this architectural ensemble is called? This is the first Trifonov monastery for men in Vyatka, which was founded in 1580 by the Monk Tryphon according to a charter from Ivan IV the Terrible.

    (Slide No. 12)

    The most ancient building of the monastery is the Five-domed Holy Assumption Cathedral; it was built in 1689 and has survived to this day. This temple was built according to the canons of ancient Russian architecture, modeled on the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. In the 17th century, the Slavic-Greek-Latin school of Vyatka was located in the Assumption Cathedral. After the revolution of 1917, the book depository of the provincial archive was located in its building. Now the Assumption Cathedral of the Trifonov Monastery has again become the center of spiritual development of the Vyatka land.

    (Slide No. 13)

    If we climb up through the Zasora ravine along a high wooden ladder, we will find ourselves on observation deck at the modern Eternal Flame. On this territory in the 16th–17th centuries the Khlynovsky Kremlin and the Holy Trinity Cathedral were located / number 12 / . It was considered one of the first stone buildings in Khlynov in the 18th century and was built according to the design of the chief architect of Moscow D. Ukhtomsky in the Baroque style. In the cathedral there was a pulpit from which the bishop (the main priest of Vyatka) conducted the service, which is why the cathedral was called the Cathedral, the main one. The cathedral was the architectural center of the city of Vyatka. the main street Vyatki - Moskovskaya - overlooked this cathedral - Cathedral Square . On the plan, Moskovskaya Street is marked in red. The Kremlin in our city has not survived because it was built of wood, burned several times, then the walls of the Kremlin lost their defensive significance, and they no longer began to build a new stone Kremlin. Now Kirov local historians name 8 places in the city center where the remains of the Kremlin rampart are still preserved. A further fate Trinity Cathedral is as follows: in 1931. The Vyat City Council decided to dismantle the temple, a monument to I. Stalin was erected in this place. After another “war with the past,” an obelisk “To the Kirov Soldiers” who fell during the Great Patriotic War was unveiled there on May 9, 1967.

    (Slide No. 14)

    Let's continue our excursion. Let's walk further along the high bank of the river. In our city, another picturesque monument has been preserved about the stay of Emperor Alexander I in Vyatka. This is the Alexander Garden. On the city plan it is shown as number 15. In Soviet times, it began to be called the Stepan Khalturin Culture and Leisure Park. The garden was founded in 1824: birch, linden, poplar, bird cherry, and rowan trees were planted there. According to the design of the architect A. Vitberg, a cast-iron lattice and a stone portal were made - the entrance to the park, built in the monumental Doric style. The cast iron gratings were cast at the local Kholunitsky factories and belong to the best examples of late Russian classics. The grand opening of the Alexander Garden took place on August 30, 1835. The park hosted a Summer Club, an electric theater “Progress”, a chess pavilion, a Summer Theater, and mechanical attractions.

    (Slide No. 15)

    The decoration of the modern park is the coastal rotunda-gazebo. Architect A. Timofeev.

    (Slide No. 16)

    Next on the plan, find the number 7. This is another square of Staraya Vyatka, located near the Spassky Cathedral. The Spassky Cathedral was built with the money of parishioners over 57 years. At this place in the 17th century. there was a Trinity Church. It contained an ancient painting of the Face of the Savior Not Made by Hands. At the request of the Russian Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who heard about the miracles of the icon, it was brought to Moscow. The Tsar himself met the icon, carried it through the Frolov Gate of the Kremlin and placed it in the Assumption Cathedral. Since then, the Frolov Gate of the Moscow Kremlin has been called Spassky. The tsar did not keep his promise to return the icon. An exact copy of it, richly decorated, was sent to Khlynov. After the revolution of 1917, the domes of the Spassky Cathedral were removed, and in 1931 the bell tower of the cathedral was dismantled. At the beginning of the 21st century. The cathedral was closed for restoration. Who knows what the streets were called before? That's right, by the name of the church located on it. This means that Spasskaya Street begins from the Spassky Cathedral. Until recently it was called st. Drelevsky. It is marked in yellow on the plan.

    (Slide No. 17)

    But this building is located almost opposite the Spassky Cathedral. Find number 7a in the plan.

    Who knows when it was built? What was it called before? What is in this building now? The building was built in the 1st half of the 18th century. This is the earliest extant stone structures civil purpose. In the 19th century it was called a “drinking establishment”, and on the regular plan of F. Roslyakov the building is indicated as “ Stone drinking house with basement ” . Since 1977, there has been a museum of folk art crafts, of which there were more than 70 in Vyatka in the 19th century; in terms of their number, our Vyatka in the 19th century took 2nd place after Moscow. Now the building is better known as the “Pikaznaya Izba”.

    (Slides No. 18,19)

    From the Museum of Folk Crafts we will walk along the street. Spasskaya, on which the architect F. Roslyakov indicated a place for wooden small shops. And when the shops burned down in a fire, at the beginning of the 19th century merchants began to build stone trading shops with 1-2 floors. On the plan this historical object is indicated by the number 36 . Now a number of retail shops have been transferred to the Regional Museum of Local Lore, which is reconstructing the premises for exhibition halls.

    (Slide No. 20)

    Don’t forget to move the button chip around the city plan. At the intersection of Voznesenskaya or Nikolaevskaya and Spasskaya the following interesting object is located; indicated on the plan by the number 35 . At the intersection of modern Lenin (former Nikolaevskaya) and Spasskaya (former Drelevsky) streets in 1817, by order of the merchant Repin, a house with hotel rooms, a tavern, a store, and a confectionery were built. IN late XIX century, this house was restored, the 3rd floor was completed, and the new owner of the house, Chuchalov, opened the “European” hotel in it, and rented out the first floor for shops. The most famous guests of our city once stayed in this hotel, including Natalya Goncharova, the wife of Alexander Pushkin, and the great poet Vladimir Mayakovsky.

    (Slide No. 21)

    Another unique architectural monument, a monument of republican significance, is located on Spasskaya Street. It is called the Vitberg House or the House with Columns or the Zhmakina Mansion. On the plan there is the number 39 . The building was built as a noble estate in 1815. This is the only wooden building in Vyatka in the classicism style. It was rebuilt many times, in Soviet time it housed an institute of culture. Several years ago it burned, then was completely demolished. The Department of Culture promised to restore the building. The preliminary cost of the project is 12 million rubles. After restoration, it is planned to create a memorial room in the mansion dedicated to the famous exiled architect A. Vitberg (he lived in this house in 1836-1837). The other part of the building will be occupied by the Kirov branch of the Union of Writers of the Russian Federation and the Public Chamber.

    Along Moskovskaya and Vladimirskaya streets (modern K. Marx street) we exit to the main square modern city- Theatrical. On the plan these are numbers 21, 22, 23. According to the first regular plan approved by Empress Catherine II, the area was intended for trading in bread, so its first name was Khlebnaya. By the end of the 18th century. it was built up with wooden merchant shops and grain barns.

    (Slide No. 22)

    In 1877, according to the design of the architect Nefedyev, a log wooden theater “in the style of Russian antiquity” was built on this square. Plays by Ostrovsky, Griboedov, Gogol, Chekhov, Shakespeare, and Schiller were staged here. The Vyatka audience had a special love for opera. Every time an opera troupe came to the theater, the auditorium was full. In the plan, the theater is indicated by the number 22. Therefore, the second name is Teatralnaya Square. It received its third name, Constitution Square, in 1977, when the new Soviet Constitution was adopted. Now the square is again called Teatralnaya.

    (Slide No. 23)

    Where the number 23 is located on our plan, in 1799 the architect F. Roslyakov began construction of the mansion of the Mashkovtsev merchants on the corner of Khlebnaya Square and Moskovskaya Street. In 1867, the house was purchased by the board of trustees of the Mariinsky Women's Gymnasium . In 1897 - 1899 the building was reconstructed by the architect A. Charushin: an assembly hall, three classrooms and the House Catherine Church were added. Nowadays, secondary school No. 22 and the Vyatka Orthodox Gymnasium are located here.

    Now this is Herzen Street. In Vyatka from 1835 to 1837. in exile was the Russian writer, thinker, founder of Russian socialism, revolutionary - democrat A.I. Herzen.

    (Slide No. 25)

    With his active participation, on December 6, 1837, the first public library was opened in Vyatka, which since 1917 has been named after Herzen. On the plan it is number 19 . Now “Gerzenka” is one of the largest libraries in modern Russia. There is a memorial plaque installed on the façade of the building (this is already the second library building). In 194 8 A monument to Herzen (sculptor Ryazantsev) was erected near the library building. Last year, an additional building was added to the library building, which harmoniously fits into the library complex.

    (Slide No. 26)

    Our journey through the streets of old Vyatka ends. We saw ancient buildings that not only decorate our city, but also give our descendants an idea of ​​what our city used to be like. Let's find on the plan of the architect F. Roslyakov the place where our school is now located. This is the number 37 . Find the wide unlabeled stripe on the left side of the plan. This is modern Oktyabrsky Avenue. Previously the avenue was called st. Glasisnaya (glacis - embankment, rampart, city boundary), from 1918 to 1927 Krasnopitersky Boulevard, from 1927 - Oktyabrsky Avenue.

    Now let's Let's summarize our lesson.

    1. We took a tour of old Vyatka in the 19th century. and got acquainted with the most famous architectural monuments. Name any of them.
    2. Which of these monuments would you tell guests of our city about first?
    3. Now in your notebooks there is a brief diagram - a plan for conducting an independent excursion. You can supplement it at home or create your own tour of our city. This homework can be done in a notebook, on A-4 sheets or electronically as a presentation.
    4. What names and surnames of Vyatka residents will you name in your story?
    5. Each of you has already written a creative work on the history of your street in the last quarter. I think that now you will be able to relate the historical names of the city streets with modern names. And those who wish will be able to participate in various local history competitions. I wish you all further success in studying history native land and the history of our city!

    Coat of arms of the city of Kirov For the first time, a bow and arrow appeared on the Vyatka seal, which was included on the State Seal of Ivan the Terrible in 1557. Ivan the Terrible There are several hypotheses for the appearance of the Vyatka symbol. In one of the most likely hypotheses, it is believed that the bow symbolizes the main occupation local population hunting .hunting On the basis of the Vyatka Seal, the highest approved on May 28 (June 8), 1781 by Empress Catherine II




    Kirov (former names - Khlynov, Vyatka) is a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Kirov region. Forms the municipal entity "city of Kirov". Located on the Vyatka River, 896 km from Moscow. The city has been known since 1374 under the name Khlynov. Historical, cultural, industrial and scientific center of the Kirov region. The birthplace of the Dymkovo toy. “Fur” and “peat” capital of Russia



    History of Kirov The first settlements on the territory of present-day Kirov were formed presumably 2.5 thousand years ago. By the 7th century, the first nationalities of the Udmurt, Mari and Komi tribes were formed here. The main settlements are located along the banks of the Cheptsa, Moloma and Vyatka rivers.


    Sights of the city of Kirov - one of the oldest historical cities in Russia with a rich heritage in the form of historical, cultural and architectural monuments. The city, located on seven hills and having an amazing silhouette of buildings and iconic architectural ensembles, has retained its historical layout and connection with the surrounding natural landscape.


    One of the oldest cultural monuments is the majestic architectural ensemble of the Assumption Trifonov Monastery, picturesquely located on the embankment of the Vyatka River. The monastery was founded by Saint Tryphon of Vyatka in 1580. The architectural ensemble of the monastery has the status of a federal architectural monument.


    The building of the FSB Directorate for the Kirov Region, formerly the mansion of the merchant T.F. Bulychev (architect I.A. Charushin) Tikhon Filippovich Bulychev was a famous Vyatka merchant, entrepreneur, owner of a local shipping company, owner of many houses and philanthropist. His cash treasury was demonstrated by the wealth and luxury of decoration of residential mansions erected on the streets of the city. The beautiful castle with griffins at the main entrance and an openwork cast-iron fence was built in 1911. Mixing the Gothic style with the exoticism of the east, the building became a unique structure that became the decoration of Vyatka


    Vyatka Kunstkamera The Vyatka Kunstkamera Museum is located in a typical city mansion of the 19th century, built in 1860. The exhibition is built on a collection principle - it presents collections of objects that existed in the urban environment of the late 19th - early 20th centuries: watches, dishes made of porcelain and earthenware, household appliances, furniture, etc.






    Monument to the Vyatka Seal The monument is a stone copy of the Vyatka Seal of the 16th century. The drawing on the front side of the monument depicts a fragment of the state seal of Ivan the Terrible - an emblem in the form of a drawn bow with a feathered arrow superimposed on it and the inscription around it “THE SEAL OF VYATTSKAYA”. The first monument to the press in Russia was opened in 2007. The monument “Vyatka Seal”, which is based on the historical coat of arms of the region, is a unique landmark of Kirov in terms of meaning, which has no analogues in the world.








    The Diorama Museum and Exhibition Center is located in the park named after S. Kirov.


    Botanical garden in the city center The founder of this garden was Alexey Andreevich Istomin, a retired colonel, a participant in the Russian-Japanese war, and a great admirer of nature. In 1912, Alexey Andreevich bought land on the Zasora ravine and founded a private Botanical Garden in Kirov 22


    Kirov is one of those priceless Russian cities that cannot be called a tourist city, although there is a lot to see. It is rich in cathedrals, temples, museums and many others cultural heritage. This presentation has given you the opportunity to walk through some of them. Love your city! Thank you for your attention!



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