Where are the Lenin Mountains located? Lenin's mountains
- (until 1935 Vorobyovy Gory) the name of the steep right indigenous bank of the river. Moscow, in the southwest of Moscow (in the area from the mouth of the Setun River to the Okruzhnaya bridge railway, near Central Park culture and recreation). Height up to 80 m. Folded... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
"Lenin's mountains"- metro station on the Sokolnicheskaya line. Opened in 1959. Architects M.P. Bubnov, A.S. Markelov, M.F. Markovsky, A.K. Ryzhkov, B.I. Thor. The station is located in the lower tier of the metro bridge. The lobbies (architects N.I. Demchinsky, V.I. Aleshina) have... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)
Lenin's mountains- , their mountains. The name of the hill on the right bank of the river. Moscow within the city limits of Moscow (until 1924 Vorobyovy Gory). ITU, vol. 2, 248; BES, 702… Explanatory dictionary of the language of the Council of Deputies
Lenin's mountains- Lenin Mountains, the name of the Sparrow Hills in 192491 ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"
Leninskie Gory (metro station)- Station " Sparrow Hills» Sokolnicheskaya line of the Moscow metro “Leninskie Gory” before reconstruction (above) and “Vorobyovy Gory” after (below) ... Wikipedia
Sparrow Hills- This term has other meanings, see Vorobyovy Gory (meanings). Historical area in Moscow Vorobyovy Gory ... Wikipedia
Vorobyovy Gory (metro station)- This term has other meanings, see Vorobyovy Gory (meanings). The style of this article is non-encyclopedic or violates the norms of the Russian language. The article should be corrected according to the stylistic rules of Wikipedia... Wikipedia
Sparrow Hills
Sparrow Hills (Moscow)- Slopes of the Vorobyovy Gory Trinity Church on the Vorobyovy Gory Vorobyovy Gory (in 1935-1999 Lenin Hills) is the name of an area in the southwest of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moscow River (steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland, ... ... Wikipedia
Sparrow Hills- Slopes of the Vorobyovy Gory Trinity Church on the Vorobyovy Gory Vorobyovy Gory (in 1935-1999 Lenin Hills) is the name of an area in the southwest of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moscow River (steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland, ... ... Wikipedia
Books
- Moscow. Guide, I. K. Myachin. Guide includes short description flag, coat of arms of the capital, main industrial centers, centers of culture, medicine, as well as division into districts. Routes for tourists are described: Central... Buy for 300 rubles
- Leonid Martynov. Poems, Leonid Martynov. Lifetime edition. Moscow, 1957. Publishing house "Young Guard". Publisher's binding. The condition is good. The collection of Leonid Martynov presents his poems such as “Dream...
Leninskie Gory is a microdistrict in Moscow, part of the Ramenki district. The microdistrict is limited by Michurinsky and Lomonosovsky Avenues, Vernadsky Avenue and Kosygina Street. Also on the territory of the microdistrict are the streets of Academician Khokhlova, Academician Samarsky, Lebedev, Mendeleevskaya, University Avenue and University Square. On the territory of the Lenin Mountains there are buildings of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, some other buildings and the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University. There are metro stations “University” and “Vorobyovy Gory” nearby.
Unlike the park and metro station, the microdistrict was not renamed “Sparrow Hills”. For example, the official address of the main building of Moscow University looks like this: 119991, Moscow, Leninskie Gory, MSU, 1. Almost all other buildings in the microdistrict have addresses like “Leninskie Gory, building 1, building N.” Exceptions include the buildings of the traffic police (University Prospekt, building 13), the Institute of Mechanics (Michurinsky Prospekt, building 1) and several other auxiliary buildings.
How to get to Vorobyovy Gory: st. University metro station.
Sparrow Hills (from 1924 to 1991 – Lenin Hills) is the name of the area located in the southwestern part of Moscow, opposite Luzhniki. Like all the mountains of Moscow, Vorobyovy Gory does not correspond to this status - it is simply a high bank of the Moscow River, part of the Teplostanskaya Upland, washed away by the river current. Vorobyovy Gory is considered one of the seven hills on which Moscow was built. The mountains stretch from the mouth of the Setun River to the St. Andrew's Bridge. Their southern border adjoins Neskuchny Garden. We can say that Vorobyovy Gory is located in the center of Moscow, 5.5 km from the Kremlin and 13 km from the Moscow Ring Road.
The name of the area comes from the village of Vorobyovo, which existed here in ancient times. It is known that at the end of the 15th century, the daughter of the Grand Duke of Lithuania and the wife of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily I, Princess Sophia acquired his village, which was called Vorobyovo, from an Orthodox priest nicknamed Vorobey. It is impossible to say for sure, but there is a possibility that this is one of the oldest settlements on the territory of present-day Moscow. This village turned into the summer residence of the Grand Duke, and then the Tsar.
For many years, the Vorobyov years served as a viewing platform for the conquerors - from here the Crimean Khan Kazy-Girey and the Polish hetman Khotkevich looked at Moscow. From the mid-17th to the 18th century, St. Andrew's Monastery existed at the northern foot of the Sparrow Hills, and in the second half of the 19th century, this corner of Moscow gained popularity as a summer cottage area.
When the Sparrow Hills were renamed the Lenin Hills, oddly enough, it is impossible to answer for sure, despite the fact that this happened relatively recently. Three dates are named: 1924, 1935 and 1936, as the time of the probable renaming of the Sparrow Hills. According to some historians, they were renamed in the year of V.I.’s death. Lenin in his memory, according to others, the renaming was the result of the implementation of a project to create a large physical culture center named after. Lenin. Until the 90s of the 20th century, the mountains remained Leninsky, and only in 1999 their historical name was officially returned, and at the same time the metro station was renamed.
In 1949-1953, a complex of buildings of Moscow State University was built on Vorobyovy Gory. The famous university skyscraper was built on the initiative of I.V. Stalin and with the participation of architects B.M. Iofana, L.V. Rudneva, S. E. Chernysheva, P. V. Abrosimova, A. F. Khryakov and V. N. Nasonova. In 1953, when the building was completed, it was the tallest in Moscow - its height together with the spire reaches 240 meters.
The university observation deck, located opposite the main high-rise building of Moscow State University, has long been a popular vacation spot for both Muscovites and guests of the capital. The site is located about 80 meters above the level of the Moscow River, and from here a breathtaking panorama of Moscow opens.
Next to the observation deck is the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity on Sparrow Hills, which miraculously survived the years of anti-religious struggle. This church is mentioned by L.N. Tolstoy in the novel "War and Peace". It is unknown when the first church was built on Vorodievy Gory. We only know about the Trinity Church built in 1644, and the current church was built in 1811 in a classicist manner. It is known that M.I. prayed here. Kutuzov before the council in Fili. This ancient church is still active.
In 1953, a ski jump was built on Vorobyovy Gory, as well as a ski slope with lighting and a chair lift. Motorsports or mountain biking competitions are often held in this park. The Luzhnetsky metro bridge, on which the Vorobyovy Gory (Lenin Hills) station is located, was built in 1958. It connected Komsomolsky Prospekt with the buildings of Moscow State University, and an escalator was installed near the metro exit with access to Kosygina Street, from where one could go up to the observation deck.
In 1987, the then Lenin Mountains were declared a natural monument, and in 1988 the State nature reserve Sparrow Hills. Nowadays, the reserve is engaged in projects whose goal is the protection of natural and historical heritage Moscow. As part of the projects, environmental tourism routes have been developed, excursions are held along them, work is also underway on environmental education among schoolchildren, and scientific research is being conducted.
The green spaces of the Sparrow Hills stretch in the form of a narrow curved strip (0.5 - 3.5 km wide) along the right bank of the Moskva River. In the southwest, the forest park borders Vorobyovskoye Highway, and above it there is a highway laid between Vernadsky Avenue and Komsomolsky Avenue. The riverbed is enclosed in concrete banks, various sports facilities have been built along the embankments, asphalt roads and pedestrian paths have been laid. Part of the park is occupied by a natural forest with very old trees and small swamps, and in some areas there are flower beds and alleys along which shrubs and trees have been planted.
No construction was ever carried out on Vorobyovy Gory, and the land was not used for agricultural needs, because... In this place there is a large difference in the relief level, and in addition, intense landslide processes take place here.
Today it is difficult to imagine Moscow without the majestic silhouette of the Main Building of the Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov. The largest of the capital's high-rise buildings has been rising on Vorobyovy Gory since 1953. It was this year that the four-year construction of the University Ensemble, designed by architects L. Rudnev, S. Chernyshev, P. Abrosimov and A. Khryakov, was completed. The chief engineer of the project was V.N. Nasonov.
The complex includes 30 main and 20 auxiliary buildings, an observatory, Botanical Garden, forest park, sports town. The area of the complex occupies about 167 hectares.
The main building of Moscow State University or GZ (as students and teachers call it) faces the center of Moscow with a wide front. A clear silhouette is visible from the farthest distances. The main building, topped with a spire with a star, rises with giant ledges to a height of 235.7 m. The highest part of the building rises to 36 floors.
During the construction of MSU, a fundamentally new load-bearing system was developed. The developer of the system was the outstanding scientific designer N.V. Nikitin (creator Ostankino TV tower). The MSU building stands on a box-shaped foundation, as if “floating” in the ground and ensuring uniform settlement of the building. Original steel frame parts were also developed. The MSU building at that time was the most tall building in Europe.
The 18- and 9-story wings of the dormitories radiate from the Main Building, forming courtyards. Students and graduate students live in the dormitories, and apartments for university teachers are located in the corner towers.
In the central part of the main volume there are two faculties, an assembly hall with 1300 seats, a scientific library, and a museum. The building has high-speed elevators for 20 people. The remaining faculties occupy buildings located near the Main building. Built simultaneously with the central building, they form a single ensemble of the scientific campus.
The towers have giant dials of a clock, barometer and thermometer, which stand out in contrast against the light cladding of the building. For the first time, factory-made cladding panels were used to decorate the building.
On the south side of the building there is a front yard with fountains and flower beds. Here in 1953year a monument to M.V. was erected. Lomonosov by the sculptor N. Tomsky.
Honored Soviet artists and sculptors took part in the decoration of the University Ensemble: N.V. Tomsky, S.T. Konenkov, M.K. Anikushin, E.V. Vuchetich, P.D. Korin, I.M. Toidze and others. The building of Moscow State University on Vorobyovy Gory was and remains a symbol not only of Moscow University, but of all Russian education.
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This microdistrict, bounded by Lomonosovsky, Michurinsky prospects, st. Kosygin and Vernadsky Avenue, part of Ramenka.
This article will briefly present historical information about this remarkable corner of the Russian capital, the Sparrow Hills.
Location
Vorobyovy Gory (in 1924-1991 - Leninsky Gory) are located in the southwestern part of Moscow, opposite sports complex"Luzhniki". Like all Moscow mountains, these do not correspond to this status, because they are simply a hilly part of the bank of the Moscow River (part of the Teplostanskaya Hill), washed away by the current. The Vorobyovy Mountains are one of the seven hills on which the city of Moscow was built. They stretch from the mouth of the river. Setuni touches Neskuchny Garden all the way southern border hills.
The Vorobyovy Mountains are located almost in the center of the Russian capital, about 5.5 kilometers from the Kremlin, and 13 from the Moscow Ring Road.
Infrastructure, attractions
Here are Lebedeva, Mendeleevskaya, Akademiki Samarskogo and Khokhlova streets, University Square and University Avenue.
On the territory of the region (Lenin Mountains) there are buildings of the famous Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University and many other historically significant buildings. The Moscow metro stations “University” and “Vorobyovy Gory” are located nearby.
An observation deck rising opposite the Moscow State University skyscraper (the main building), long time was the most popular place holiday for many Moscow residents and guests of the capital. Its height is approximately 80 meters above the river level. Moscow, which allows you to see a breathtaking panorama of the city.
Not far from observation deck On the Sparrow Mountains there is the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity. It miraculously survived the years of struggle against the Nazis. It is unknown when it was erected. But L. N. Tolstoy mentions it in his world-famous novel “War and Peace.”
Story
The history of the origin of this area (Lenin Mountains) goes back to ancient times. Its name comes from the ancient village of Vorobyovo. It is known that Princess Sophia (daughter of the Grand Duke of Lithuania and wife of Prince Vasily I of Moscow) at the end of the 15th century acquired from an Orthodox priest (his nickname Sparrow) a village called Vorobyovo. According to inaccurate data, there is a possibility that this village is the oldest settlement that once existed on the territory of modern Moscow. It turned into the (summer) residence of the Grand Duke, and subsequently the Tsar.
Numerous tourists have been visiting Leninskie from this place for a long time. The view is magnificent. Vorobyovy Gory is a kind of viewing platform for some of the city’s conquerors. From this place he looked at (the Crimean Khan) and Khotkevich (the Polish hetman). In the 17th-18th centuries at the foot of the Vorobyovy Mountains ( Northern part) there was a monastery called St. Andrew's, and the second half of the 19th century is significant in that this corner gained popularity as a summer cottage area.
It is not known exactly when Vorobyovy Gory was renamed Leninsky Gory. There are 3 dates: 1924, 1935 and 1936. Many historians claim that this happened in memory of V.I. Lenin, in the year of his death. Some argue that the renaming is a result of construction in the area large center physical education named after Lenin.
In 1999, the old historical name was officially returned to the mountains. At the same time, the Moscow metro station was also renamed.
Today, the microdistrict, unlike the metro station and the park, has not been renamed Vorobyovy Gory. For example, the address of the main building of the main Moscow University is officially written as follows: Moscow, 119991, Leninskie Gory, Moscow State University, building 1.
Conclusion
The Lenin Mountains were declared in 1987 natural monument. In 1988, the State nature reserve"Sparrow Hills". And today the reserve is engaged in projects whose goal is to protect the heritage (historical and natural) of the city of Moscow. As part of these projects, various environmental tourism routes have been developed, along which excursions are conducted, environmental education is conducted among schoolchildren, and research is conducted.
It should be noted that no construction was ever carried out on the Sparrow Hills and the land was not used for agricultural needs. This is due to the fact that in these places there are large differences in relief, and quite active landslide processes occur.