Percentage ratio of accidents between cars, trains and planes. The safest form of transport is an airplane. Flight safety. Causes of plane crashes. Safety statistics of modes of transport in Russia

Does it happen that when we think about traveling by plane, we feel a sense of dread? Of course, this happens often. However, we don't think about the potential danger when we get behind the wheel of a car or motorcycle. But the fact remains that according to accident statistics and the number of victims, the plane is the most reliable mode of transport. And such terrestrial types as cars and motorcycles are the most dangerous transport. Let's figure it out: which transport is better to go on a trip with the least worries for your life and? Below is a list of modes of transport, ranging from the most risky to the most reliable.

Motor transport

According to statistics, a motorcycle is an unreliable method of transportation. This is because the person driving a motorcycle is practically unprotected. Moving at high speed, a motorcyclist is constantly in a state of danger. A violent collision with a car or bus often results in inevitable death. By the way, there are also frequent cases of motorcycle overturning, as well as collisions with road signs or poles. Statisticians have calculated that on average, 42 people die due to motorcycles per 160 million kilometers of travel. This is the highest number of casualties among all modes of transport.

Car, bus, minibus

This is the second dangerous transport after motorcycles. The number of deaths in car accidents is about 1.2 million people per year. This indicator speaks for itself: traveling long distances by car or bus is more dangerous than traveling by plane or train. Road traffic accidents include different types accidents These include collisions, road traffic accidents involving pedestrians, and fires as a result of accidents.

Sea transport

Unlike land transport, sea and river transport can experience other types of accidents. There are frequent cases when a ship strays from its intended course. Getting caught in a dangerous storm is one of the possible disasters during a ship's voyage. It also happens that a fire occurs on board: water is not the only element that can threaten passengers.

Statistics show that when traveling on ships and other vessels, there are 2.3 accidents per 1 million passengers.

Train

It has long been proven that the train is not a very dangerous transport. Moreover, it is one of the most convenient types of transportation. Here we're talking about how about trains long distance, and about commuter trains. The speed of transport is low, and due to the movement strictly on rails, the likelihood of collisions with obstacles on the road is small.

However, it is not uncommon for trains to derail or explode. Hitting a pedestrian crossing the path in the wrong place is also a common occurrence. However, according to statistics, there are only 0.17 train accidents per 1 million passengers.

Airplane

The figures show that the overall mortality rate in plane crashes is the lowest of all types of travel - just 0.6 people per 160 million kilometers traveled. This means that with daily flights, the likelihood of an accident will arise only after the 21st century.

From funds mass media It often happens that we learn about terrorist attacks in which passengers become victims. But these incidents are so rare that, despite all the possible dangers, an airplane is the most reliable and most comfortable way of transportation and is far from dangerous transport.

Given the large number of different vehicles, many specialists and experts, of course, want to know which ones are the safest. Statistics show that the most safe look transport is an airplane.

Experts divide transport into 2 groups:

By service sector:

Public options
Special forces
Private

By environment of use:

Ground - this includes wheeled and rail versions
Underground - metro
Air
Space
Water and underwater
Pipeline

Passengers boarding an airplane often shudder at the thought of taking off and landing. However, official statistics are clear - airliners are quite safe from the point of view of movement.

The calculations are based on the number of victims per 100 million miles. According to the results of such calculations, the mortality rate in plane crashes is 0.6 people. You can die in a plane crash in 1 case in 8 million. If compared with other options traditionally considered safer, then this figure will turn out to be completely ridiculous. Thus, in accidents with mopeds and motorcycles, the statistics is 125 deaths per 1.5 billion km. Cyclists die on the roads in considerable numbers - 35 deaths per 1.5 billion km of travel. Even in the metro, more people die than in air transport - 25 cases per 1.5 billion km.

What ensures the safety of the airliner?

The reliability of aircraft, as experts note, is ensured by a certain number of factors. First of all, each aircraft undergoes a whole range of serious tests before flying. Moreover, it is inspected by both technicians and the captain of the ship, who must be personally confident in the excellent condition of the airliner he is accepting for flight.

Secondly, this is the work of security systems. Today, advanced systems are installed on airplanes, and even in quantities of several that can duplicate each other. Accordingly, if something happens to one of them, the other will be able to duplicate it. The plane can fly and land even with one faulty engine.

Thirdly, landing tactics change regularly. Previously, pilots practiced landing the plane softly, but now they advise doing it roughly, which improves the grip of the landing gear on the runway.

Is it possible to survive a plane crash?

Many people are afraid of the inability to survive a plane crash. But this is also a myth. Yes, in many cases the plane is destroyed. But the cases when passengers remained alive are quite numerous. This is due to the fact that everything aircraft designed by those people who are well versed in aerodynamics and gravity. And it’s not so easy for an airplane to fall from a height of 10,000 km.

In the USA, for example, 500 aviation incidents occurred in 20 years. The number of deaths in these is about 5% of the total number of passengers on board the liner. Even in situations like these, when planes crash and break in half, passengers have a chance of surviving.

Choosing a safe place on the plane

Against the backdrop of determining the safety of a particular vehicle, many are, of course, interested in whether it is possible to find safe seats on board the aircraft. Back in 2007, statistics were published that clearly identified the most quiet places in airplane.

To compile statistics, the researchers took data published by the National Security Council of America over 30 years. They took as a basis the dependence of the number of victims on the place where the passengers were located. It turned out that 70% of the crash survivors were located in the section behind the edge of the aircraft's wing. Also, those sitting above the wing have a chance to survive in half the cases.

The part of the plane closer to the tail is in more advantageous position due to the fact that when falling, the plane mainly falls nose-first. This means that those sitting behind have a greater chance of salvation.

Statistics of the safest planes

Airbus A340 - a total of 340 of these models were produced, which totaled 13.5 million flight hours, 5 accidents were recorded in which there were no casualties
Airbus A330 - about 600 copies produced. The planes flew 14 million flight hours, and during this time only 1 accident occurred. A total of 8 examples were lost, killing 346 people.
Boeing 747 - in aircraft of this brand there was 1 accident per 17.5 million flights. There are 941 vessels in operation. Over the years of use of such liners, 941 ships were lost, 51 were lost due to accidents in which 3,732 people died
Boeing 737 – 3 tragedies have occurred since 1997

The safest plane on this moment considered a Boeing 777. There are 748 copies in the world. Over the years, this model has flown 20 million hours. During this time, 3 people died in two incidents. Only one ship was lost during this time.

So you shouldn’t be afraid of airplanes because of the high accident rate. Moreover, the crew also undergoes special training, has the necessary skills and is not very eager to die. In addition, an airplane is an opportunity to get to your destination quickly and completely safely.

The National Union of Liability Insurers has compiled an accident rate rating for passenger transport in Russia. The analysis used statistics from compulsory carrier liability insurance, which has been in force in our country for five years. Vice-President of the National Union of Liability Insurers Svetlana Gusar told the details in an interview with RG.

A Boeing 737 of Aloha Airlines was able to land in 1988 after part of its skin was torn off at an altitude of more than 7 kilometers. Then only one person on board died. Photo: AP Archive

Svetlana Viktorovna, what type of transport in Russia today is the most dangerous for passengers, based on your statistics and how did you make the calculations?

Svetlana Gusar: During the implementation of the law on compulsory liability insurance for carriers, we managed to accumulate a large amount of data. It allows us to speak quite confidently about many indicators. In order to evaluate such a parameter as the accident rate, we calculated the number of victims out of 10 million passengers transported by each mode of transport. Water transport is still in first place. With a relatively small number of passengers carried by this type of transport, the number of victims is the most impressive - 120 people per 10 million. This figure is the result of several major incidents that have recently occurred on the water. They had a major impact on statistics.

Air transport takes second place in this ranking. Here it is necessary to clarify that we are mainly talking about helicopters. Airplanes mainly operate flights not only within the country, but also abroad, so airlines are exempt from the need to insure their passengers under the Russian law on carrier liability. They are allowed to purchase an international policy that complies with the requirements of international law. So, in the helicopter transportation segment, for every 10 million passengers transported, there are 30 casualties.

If you look at the number of dead, not the wounded, the picture turns out to be somewhat different. In first place will be air transport, where the highest death toll is 23 people per 10 million passengers. Water - on the second. They are followed by automobile passenger transportation, and specifically in the segment of intercity rather than urban transportation.

How can this be explained?

Svetlana Gusar: I think mainly at high speeds: in city conditions you can’t drive too hard. Moreover, there is also a seasonal factor. In summer, there are more accidents with injuries on vehicles. It would seem that it should be the other way around: in winter it is worse and weather, and the road. But accidents more in summer: Drivers relax and break the speed limit more often. In addition, the intensity of transportation increases sharply with the start of holidays, and higher traffic speeds in the summer, which are ensured by good road conditions, unfortunately lead to more serious accidents.

The most a large number of injured passengers - on water transport. Helicopters come second

We also monitor such an indicator as the average number of victims in one accident. And here, inland water transport is still leading. In second place is intercity bus transportation. In water transport, the average number of victims in one accident is 11 people, in the intercity segment - 2.5 people.

Svetlana Gusar: Trams and commuter trains These are the two main categories with the lowest rates of deaths and injuries per 10 million passengers.

What is the average payment to passengers injured in an accident on a particular type of transport?

Svetlana Gusar: The main part of payments under this type of insurance is made for damage caused to the life and health of the passenger. The payment for the deceased is 2 million 25 thousand rubles. In terms of health, if you look at all types of transport as a whole, the average payment, as we say, “with bruises” (minor bruises, for which the law requires a minimum compensation of 1 thousand rubles. - Ed.) is about 183.5 thousand rubles. Without “bruises” the average payment is about 246 thousand rubles.

The indicator varies quite a lot depending on the type of transport. The largest payments for damage caused to health in air transport - for passengers, such accidents always result in the most serious damage, and often even lead to death.

Are all passengers insured today?

Svetlana Gusar: Insurance under the law on compulsory carrier liability covers almost all types of passenger transport. The only exception today is passenger taxis. The metro has a special status. He is not obliged to insure his liability to passengers, but due to the fact that the enterprises are solvent - there are only seven of them in the country, citizens injured in an accident in the metro have the right to receive compensation directly from the metro itself in the same amount as passengers other types of transport. In general, coverage across all transportation segments varies from 85 to 90 percent. This suggests a high degree of passenger protection. A five-year analysis of the law’s operation showed that this is a really working type of insurance, under which 4.3 billion rubles have already been paid.

The lowest rates of dead and injured passengers are on trams and commuter trains.

This is also a definite milestone in Russian legislation, since for the first time in the history of Russia, fixed amounts of insurance payments for damage to the health of victims were introduced at the level of compulsory insurance, which are determined not by the actual costs of treatment incurred by a person, but only by the degree of harm caused. These payments are usually much higher. It is also important to note that the basis for calculating such payments was fixed from the very beginning at a very high level - 2 million rubles. For example, when compared with possible payments injured under compulsory motor liability insurance, then payments for passengers are four times higher. Imagine, for the same injury, a person, being a bus passenger or a pedestrian, will receive two different payments, the value of which differs four times!

Perhaps it would be worth bringing payments for all types of insurance to a single denominator.

Svetlana Gusar: We know that the Ministry of Finance has unification plans. But any increase in payment limits comes down to an increase in the cost of insurance. And if now we simply raise the limit to 2 million under compulsory motor liability insurance, this will absolutely have a significant impact on tariff policy. This is now a deterrent. Therefore, the state is taking very cautious progressive steps in terms of increasing limits.

By the way, another advantage of the law on carrier liability is that payments under it do not have a statute of limitations. Even if a person does not exercise his right to compensation immediately after an accident, he may be able to apply for payment later. We have events that are announced after three, four years, simply because people either did not know or were busy restoring their health, and they had no time to run to insurance companies. There are not very many of them, but nevertheless they exist.

The average time from the date of the incident to the day of filing an application for compensation is now 148 days. From the date of the event to the date of payment - 178 days - this includes the period for providing missing documents and resolving other issues that arise in the process of settling the loss.

It is worth remembering that a transport emergency, as a result of which a passenger was injured, must be documented - this is necessary to receive compensation. Since most incidents are passenger transport- this is an accident involving buses, then the main documents confirming the fact and circumstances of the harm caused are the documents of the traffic police. Also, such a document for any type of transport can be an act, which, in accordance with a recent order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia, after each incident, the carrier himself is obliged to draw up.

If an insurance company loses its license, who pays compensation to passengers injured in an accident?

Svetlana Gusar: For this purpose, there is a NSSO and a compensation fund - a mandatory attribute of all laws on compulsory liability insurance. It is formed from contributions from insurance companies. According to the law on compulsory liability insurance for carriers, three rubles from every hundred rubles go to the compensation fund.

Fortunately, we still don’t have many companies going out of business. And all recent cases of exit from the market involve the transfer of the insurance portfolio. In this case, contracts concluded by an insurer leaving the market are transferred to the service of another insurance company and do not disappear anywhere. The new insurer assumes responsibility and makes payments in accordance with the terms of the accepted insurance contract, without using the funds of the compensation fund.

The super cruise liner MSC Splendida arrived at the Vladivostok Marine Station. There are 4 thousand people on board. According to international law, all of them must be insured. Photo: RIA News

If the portfolio was not transferred, then the NSSO is responsible for all obligations of such negligent insurers to the victims, making compensation payments.

Carriers' liability insurance is going to be extended to taxis. What could be the cost of insurance for taxi drivers?

Svetlana Gusar: The State Duma may consider a bill on insurance for taxi passengers during the autumn session of 2018. The amendments in any case provide for a transition period of one year. During this time, tariffs will be developed, and taxi drivers themselves will be able to prepare for the new rules. So the bill will come into force no earlier than the end of 2019.

According to preliminary estimates, the cost of an insurance contract for one car can be about 3-5 thousand rubles per year. This will add no more than 3 rubles to the cost of one trip.

But taxi drivers are still complaining that they have difficulties concluding contracts under compulsory motor liability insurance with a special mark. Allegedly, due to the high accident rate of this type of transport, insurers do not want to work with taxi drivers. Will this problem also arise under the law on carriers' liability?

Svetlana Gusar: The problem of MTPL availability is not limited to taxis. It is determined by a single factor - tariff setting. According to statistics, the frequency of accidents in the taxi segment is actually three times higher than in the case of conventional cars. But this doesn't really say anything. I'll explain why. An ordinary person drives his car for an hour in the morning and an hour in the evening. Taxi drivers actually drive for 20 hours - this is the average operating time of a taxi per day. They drive 10 times more, but their accident rate is only three times higher than that of ordinary motorists. It is clear that this high accident rate is due only to the intensity of vehicle use. If you were an insurer and understood that your taxi payments exceeded your fees, you would also try to somehow limit the influx of taxi driver clients. This alone causes the problem with concluding contracts under compulsory motor liability insurance.

As for the availability of carrier liability insurance, I have never heard of anyone being unable to buy insurance - we have no such complaints in the association. The thing is that under compulsory motor liability insurance 90 percent of payments, if not more, are payments “for hardware”. According to the law on carrier liability, 97 percent of payments are compensation for harm to life and health. At the same time, fortunately, there are significantly fewer accidents with deaths and injuries than cases of damage to hardware. In addition, the cost of restoring a car depends on inflation and the dollar exchange rate. "Hardware" is, unfortunately, tied to the need to purchase spare parts, the cost of which also very much depends on the mentioned factors. Payments under the law on insurance of carriers' liability to passengers exist independently of this dependence. Therefore, there are no problems with concluding contracts for this type of insurance, and they are also unlikely to arise in the future.

Help "RG"

The law on compulsory insurance of civil liability of carriers to passengers for damage to life, health and property has been in force in Russia since 2013. Its requirements apply to almost all types of transport, including bus and trolleybus transportation. Taxis were not included in the law at the stage of its development and approval due to the fact that this market was not regulated at that time.

The maximum payment for damage to life and health under the law on carrier liability reaches two million rubles. Compensation for damage caused to luggage is also provided, up to 23 thousand rubles. The protection of passenger taxi passengers is now provided within the framework of compulsory motor liability insurance with a special mark, according to which the maximum payment for harm to life and health does not exceed 500 thousand rubles.

Reading time: 7 min.

Every day, from the news feed, millions of people learn about car accidents, derailed trains, crashed planes and other accidents that result in a large number of deaths. The question arises, how to protect yourself from troubles and what type of transport is the safest? In order not to indulge in fear, we present to your attention a list of the safest transport in the world, according to this year’s statistical reports.

This type of transport is rightfully considered the most dangerous in the world. Statistics confirm this - 125 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. Anyone who prefers this view vehicle, seriously exposes himself to danger, and very consciously. Motorcyclists make up only 1% of the total traffic on the highway, but a fifth of all accidents involve this type of transport. Motorists gave motorcyclists the nickname “crunchies” for a reason. The reason for this was a very low percentage of passive safety, enormous acceleration, enormous speed and psychological aspects: love of extreme sports and adrenaline rushes in the body. Motorcyclists often find themselves in the blind spot of cars because they are so small.

According to statistical reports, for every 1.5 billion kilometers there are 35 deaths. This is the most environmentally friendly transport, but at the same time one of the most unsafe. But, in truth, car drivers are more to blame for road accidents than cyclists themselves. It often happens that the car has only a few scratches, but the cyclist and his vehicle are between life and death.

Statistics in this case give figures of 25 dead people by 1.5 billion kilometers. The most dangerous incidents that happen in the metro are fires, crushes, and train collisions. A large number of people in a small closed space - panic and a huge percentage of casualties. IN Russian Federation The leader in such incidents is the Moscow Metro.

Traveling by water has always been a very risky undertaking. Of course, over many centuries of technological development, water transport has now become much safer, but nevertheless, for every 1.5 billion kilometers there are 20 deaths. Although the main cause of death remains not collisions with other ships, but passengers falling overboard.

Statistics here give the following figures: 7 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. The danger of flying in outer space is in no way comparable to that on earth - traveling in space is 17 times safer than riding a motorcycle. During all the time of travel in Space, only three devices did not return to Earth (the only thing that has a negative impact on statistical reports is explosions during take-offs of spacecraft).

Minibus travel involves 5 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. This is one of the most popular types transport among the population. To protect yourself in minibus It is best to take a place in the middle. The size of the car, stable grip and passive safety will all play a role here. Unfortunately, the main cause of accidents remains the low level of driver qualifications.

Here statisticians give the following figures: 4 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. The development of technology has also affected cars; now passive and active safety is at a completely different level. Unfortunately, motorists are most dependent on other participants traffic. You can be the most skillful and careful driver in the world, but this still won’t protect you from the fact that someone could crash into you and end up in the hospital, or worse.

Buses are in third place in the ranking; statistics show one fatality per 1.5 billion kilometers. If you want to travel safely, then this transport is for you. Sometimes it turns out that the bus route covers more than one thousand kilometers (for example, in Australia, a bus traveling on the Perth-Brisbane route travels 5,455 kilometers). But it is still quite safe to travel by bus.

The train is one of the safest modes of transport. Just think about it - only 0.2 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers of road. Railway in America and Europe is the safest in the world. In Russia, things are a little worse - 0.7 deaths on the same piece of road. If you calculate the probability of death on a train, it will be 1 in 431800 degrees (approximately 0.0002%). Investopedia reports that you are 1,000 times more likely to die in a car accident than in a train accident.

Paradoxical as it may be for many, airplanes are the most safe transport in the world. The probability that you will die while flying on an airplane is 1: 8,000,000. The problem is that although airplanes crash very rarely, they always cause a large number of casualties. Therefore, the media always covers such incidents and psychologically people begin to fear airplane travel. There are 0.5 deaths per 1.5 billion kilometers. The Flight Safety Agency states that there is a 1 in 8 million chance of dying in a car accident. And self-destructive individuals need to take a ticket every day on a random flight for 21 thousand years in order to accomplish their plans.

Calculate what type of transport is the safest, not so simple. To build a beautiful and visual graph, at least two indicators are required - the number of dead or injured, as well as the number of people who use this type of transport. For air, rail and water transport Finding this data is not difficult, because thanks to tickets, every person is taken into account. But there are problems with automobile transport. It is not possible to track the movements of the average Russian from work, to work and to the store - no one registers at the doorstep of their home.

Our transport safety rating according to statistics for 2018 was compiled using various sources - from data from the National Union of Insurers, which keeps statistics of registered insurance cases from 2012 to the present, to data on transport accidents on the Rosstat website.

> 200 deaths per 1.6 billion km

Although the number of accidents involving motorcyclists has decreased by more than 70% since 2005, the motorcycle is still one of the most dangerous species transport. According to statistics, it turns out that every 1.6 billion km of travel is paid for with the lives of more than two hundred drivers and their passengers.

A motorcycle, like another two-wheeled vehicle - a bicycle - is characterized by increased vulnerability, so accidents involving motorcyclists are highly likely to end sadly. The reason is non-compliance with traffic rules, and, surprisingly, the fundamental refusal of some drivers to use a helmet.

5.75 people per 1.6 billion km

Personal cars are in second place in terms of the number of road accidents. In just 1.6 billion km of travel, at least 5.75 people die.

The reasons include the reluctance of drivers to comply with traffic rules, the condition of the road surface, the increased wear and tear of the vehicle fleet due to the crisis and the deterioration of the purchasing power of the population. And also (due to the increase in the average age of life) and the aging of drivers. All these factors together serve as a guarantee that road transport in Russia will not be safe for a long time.

9.4 deaths per 1 million passengers

Among air transport the greatest danger to human life is not international shipping, and long-distance. Especially if a person in a helicopter is forced to go to those lands where even the notorious Makar prefers not to send his calves. Perhaps this is what explains such a high number of casualties among helicopter passengers. For every 1 million people, at least 9.4 are injured. You will have to fall from a great height, and, with a high degree of probability, the injuries will be incompatible with life.

5 deaths per 1.5 billion km

Minibus taxis cannot be called the safest type of transport in Russia. According to statistics, every 1.5 billion km of route traveled by a minibus is paid for by five human lives. Among the reasons can be cited both the work of drivers for wear and tear, as well as design flaws of minibuses, the condition of the roads, unwillingness to comply with traffic rules and drunk driving.

2.84 victims per 1 million transported

There were several major incidents involving intercity buses in 2018, including a tragic incident in Voronezh region, when two buses collided, five people died and 17 were injured. In general, according to statistics, intercity and international buses do not differ in safety - for every million passengers transported, at least 2.84 are injured or killed in accidents. In total for 2018, trips to intercity buses brought death to more than 600 passengers, and injured more than 13 thousand people.

2.3 accidents per 1 million passengers

This category includes both international ships and domestic river carriers. In total, in 2018, 62 incidents occurred during sea and river travel, which ended tragically for five people. In general, according to NSS statistics, for every million passengers transported, there are 2.3 accidents.

Passengers on sea and river boats Not only the water element threatens, but also the fire element. One of common reasons transport accidents - a sudden fire on board a ship, usually caused by a faulty electrical wiring. This is not surprising, given that Russia's domestic fleet is in poor condition, and almost a third of the ships have celebrated 40 years of service.

Chance of dying: 1:11,000,000

The safest transport in the world, however, in Russia it is not possible to obtain accurate statistics on the number of accidents per number of passengers. Data from the National Society of Insurers, which we relied on when assessing the danger of other modes of transport, are not available for them. The reason is the peculiarities of the insurance system in Russia; Most air transport companies transport their passengers not only within the country, but also abroad. Therefore, they use international insurance policies.

This is why an airplane is the safest mode of transport: according to statistics, The chances of dying in an accident on board an airplane are 1 in 11 million. For comparison, the chances of being struck by lightning while walking in a thunderstorm are 16 times higher!

0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers

This category includes both intercity and international trains, as well as regular commuter trains. In general, for 2018 the statistics for Russian Railways look excellent - for almost the entire year, from January to November, only seven incidents were recorded. Unfortunately, there were some deaths - one person died. In general, there are no more than 0.17 accidents per 1 million passengers.

Everyone prefers to use one of the safest modes of transport. more people, and cost alone cannot explain this. Indeed, for some destinations the cost of plane and train tickets is almost equal. According to the Russian Railways website, in 2018, long-distance trains carried almost 8% more passengers than last year. And the increase in the number of passengers on electric trains amounted to almost 3%.

0.09 cases per million transported

The trolleybus is in second place in terms of safety among modes of transport in Russia. According to NSS statistics, for every million passengers transported there are only 0.09 accidents. Most of them are banal “stumbled and fell.”

The reasons for the low trauma rate of a trolleybus are very simple - its volume and weight, as well as its low speed. In a collision, for example, with a passenger car, the car will suffer much worse. And the trolleybus passengers will get away with minor bruises.

0.04 victims out of 1,000,000 people

The safest transport according to statistics for 2018 in terms of the ratio of the number of accidents to the number of passengers. In total, out of one million people arriving from point A to point B, no more than 0.04 people are injured. In addition to safety, the tram has many advantages:

it moves more smoothly than a car or even a trolleybus;
less noisy;
completely autonomous from traffic jams (unless, of course, motorists try to drive along the tracks);
Of all urban transport, it causes the least harm to the environment.

Unfortunately, trams are gradually disappearing from small towns in Russia. The reason is the limited local budget, which simply cannot support a separate line. In just the past twenty years, the number of trams has decreased by more than 35%. Does this mean that the safest form of transport will gradually disappear from the urban landscape?