Fox Nose open group. Walk along the fox's nose. How to protect yourself from the sun

In the 15th century, on the site of Lisiy Nos there was the village of Lisichye on Koriny Nos. The word "Korin" means "reef" or "underwater rock" in Finnish. Over time, the word “Korin” was incomprehensibly lost and only the expression “Fox Nose” remained.

Under Peter I, a travel palace surrounded by a park was built in Lisy Nos. This estate was called Srednie or Starye Dubki and has not survived to this day.

The successors of Peter I were more interested in the strategic position of the cape protruding deep into the Gulf of Finland. In 1808-1810, a continuous pile barrier was erected from it to Kronstadt, designed to protect St. Petersburg from penetration by the enemy fleet. This structure existed until 1844, and was destroyed by ice drifts and storms. In 1853, the piles were replaced with rows, and in 1854, construction of a weapons redoubt for 11 guns and a harbor began in Lisiy Nos. This was noted by the artist Ivan Shishkin, a big fan of the beauty of Fox Nose:

“Three miles from us is the so-called Fox Nose. Huge batteries, trenches and various fortifications were built there, there were a lot of people there, almost all of them were military. But lately people have been arriving there, both non-military and commercial and industrial people, who have already opened various shops there. They say there will be a city, and a port city; a pier and harbor have already been built here. You are amazed at the skill of the engineers who made it out of swamps and inaccessible shores; buildings were built in these swamps, parks and squares were cleared for the army. Even a church has already been built, although it is wooden, it is beautiful, beautiful.”

Unfortunately, the city on Lisy Nos was never built. For a long time, Lisiy Nos remained a distant urban settlement. Thanks to this, the Finnish sect of Hikhulites settled here, preaching the imminent end of the world and the imminent coming of the Antichrist. At the same time, a dark chapter opened in the history of Fox Nose. Since the beginning of the 20th century, death sentences for enemies of the tsarist regime began to be carried out here.

Meanwhile, in 1895, a railway was finally built through Lisiy Nos. The Razdelnaya station was built here. It got this name because the rails split here. The main road went to Sestroretsk, and a three-kilometer branch went to the shore Gulf of Finland, to the harbor from which steamships went to Kronstadt.

After the appearance railway, Lisiy Nos also began to be built up with dachas. appeared here suburban village Vladimirovka, named after Vladimir Stenbock-Fermor, owner of the surrounding lands. In 1911, a Summer Theater for 900 spectators was built in Vladimirovka, a voluntary fire society and a cinema appeared. In 1917, the Church of St. Vladimir was consecrated in Lisy Nos.
Revolutionary events interrupted the peaceful life of Vladimirovka for some time. In 1921, Lisiy Nos became a springboard for Soviet troops marching to storm the rebellious Kronstadt. From here the artillery of the besiegers fired at the Kronstadt forts, and local residents they sat in the cellars in fear.

After the revolutionary storms subsided, Fox Nose again began to function as fashionable resort. There were two theaters in Vladimirovka, and on local beach There was a buffet and rental umbrellas, deckchairs and... gramophones! In 1934, dachas were allocated in Lisy Nos for Lenfilm employees, among whom the Goluboi jazz orchestra was very popular. In 1928, Razdelnaya station was renamed Lisiy Nos.

During the siege of Leningrad, Lisiy Nos again found himself in the line of fire. An armored train walked along an abandoned branch to the pier to Kronstadt, which fired at Finnish positions. With the help of the same pier, Kronstadt was supplied with ammunition and food. Naturally, how important transport node Fox Nose was constantly exposed to attacks from Finnish artillery and German aviation.

After the war, Lisiy Nos was classified as a workers' settlement, although in fact it continued to remain a dacha suburb. By the mid-1950s, 20 thousand people already lived here.

At the end of 1988, the Leningrad authorities proposed creating the first Soviet Disneyland in Lisiy Nosa. According to their plan, a “wonderland” with parks, attractions, swimming pools, an aquarium, a zoo, botanical garden, theaters with 850 and 450 seats, a cinema with six halls with 300 seats, etc. Unfortunately, due to sabotage from the “democratic public,” this project was never implemented.

Today Lisiy Nos is part of the “Petersburg Rublyovka”, a suburb of villas and the rich, located near the ever-busy Primorskoye Highway.

The history of Lisy Nos dates back to the 15th century, when on the site of the village there was the village of Lisichye on Koriny Nos. The word "korin" in Finnish means "reef" or "underwater rock". Over time, the word “korin” was lost and only the expression “Fox Nose” remained. There is a mention of this place in the Census salary book of the Novgorod Vodskaya Pyatina of 1500.

Under Catherine II, these lands were given to Count Orlov for private ownership. From 1844 to 1907, the count family of Stenbock-Fermor lived here. In 1905, the single estate was divided into separate plots for the purpose of selling them as summer cottages. This is how the villages of Olgino (in honor of A.V. Stenbock-Fermor’s wife Olga Platonovna), Vladimirovka (in honor of the owner; the central and coastal parts of the modern village of Lisiy Nos) and Aleksandrovskaya (in honor of the then owner of Lakhta Alexander Vladimirovich) arose. After the revolution, the name of the village of Vladimirovka and the Razdelnaya station were abolished, and the entire village began to be called Lisiy Nos.

Defensive structures

Under Peter I, a travel palace was built in Lisy Nos, surrounded by a park. This estate was called Srednie, or Old, Dubki and has not survived to this day. The successors of Peter I were more interested in the strategic position of the cape protruding deep into the Gulf of Finland. In 1808-1810, a continuous pile barrier was erected from it to Kronstadt, designed to protect St. Petersburg from penetration by the enemy fleet. This structure existed until 1844, and ten years later the construction of a weapons redoubt for 11 guns and a harbor began in Lisiy Nos. In 1921, Lisiy Nos became a springboard for Soviet troops marching to storm the rebellious Kronstadt. From here the artillery of the besiegers fired at the Kronstadt forts, and the local residents sat in the cellars in fear.

Railway

In June 1892, the project of the St. Petersburg - Sestroretsk railway with a length of 25 miles with branches was approved. The Razdelnaya station appeared in Lisiy Nos, so named because the rails were divided here. The main road went to Sestroretsk, and a three-kilometer branch went to the shore of the Gulf of Finland, to the harbor from which steamships went to Kronstadt. The development of transport infrastructure has led to the fact that Lisiy Nos began to be actively built up with dachas.

Temple in the name of the Holy Blessed Prince Vladimir

The beautiful temple in Lisye was built in 1908 on the initiative of the merchant A.I. Nefyodov. In 1937-1938, the temple was closed, but believers achieved the resumption of services, which did not stop even during the siege of Leningrad. Inside there are majestic stained glass windows, a round stove and large floor icons that were brought here by believers across the ice of the Gulf of Finland from Kronstadt after the destruction of St. Andrew's Cathedral.

Place of execution

During the revolution of 1905-1907, executions of revolutionaries were carried out in Lisy Nos (contemporaries called it the execution place of the revolution), and those executed were secretly buried here. By the way, at one time it was here that the Finnish sect of the Hikhulites settled, preaching the imminent end of the world and the imminent coming of the Antichrist.

Cottages, towers and public buildings

The main attractions of Fox Nose are the ancient dachas: made of wood and logs, with bizarre shapes, sharp spiers and turrets, carved shutters, they still amaze the eye with their former grandeur and beauty. By the way, among the summer residents there was also the Russian artist Ivan Shishkin, a big fan of these places. Now there is an active one in Lisiy Nos public bath with columns, as well as the former Chaika cinema.

After the revolutionary storms subsided, Lisiy Nos began to function as a fashionable resort. There were two theaters in Vladimirovka, and on the local beach there was a buffet where they rented umbrellas, sun loungers and even gramophones. In 1934, dachas were allocated in Lisy Nos for Lenfilm employees, among whom the Goluboi jazz orchestra was very popular.

Monument "Road of Courage"

Right next to the train station in Lisye there is a monument “Road of Courage”, dedicated to the besieged Leningrad and the famous Small Road of Life, which passed here during the Great Patriotic War. An armored train walked along an abandoned branch to the pier to Kronstadt, which fired at Finnish positions. With the help of the same pier, Kronstadt was supplied with ammunition and food. Naturally, as an important transport hub, Lisiy Nos was constantly exposed to attacks from Finnish artillery and German aviation. After the war, Lisiy Nos was classified as a workers' settlement, although in fact it continued to remain a dacha suburb. By the mid-1950s, 20 thousand people already lived here.

Soviet Disneyland project

Surprisingly, in the late 1980s, it was planned to build the first Soviet Disneyland here - a park with attractions, swimming pools, an aquarium, a zoo, a botanical garden, theaters with 850 and 450 seats, and a cinema with six halls with 300 seats each. Unfortunately, due to sabotage from the “democratic public,” this project was never implemented.

Beaches in the vicinity of Lisiy Nos

The sights of the village of Lisiy Nos are not only architecture, but also great beaches, which are highly valued by residents of St. Petersburg as a place to relax. There's an old one here Central Beach having a narrow strip of sand. The places here are not particularly cultivated, quite wild, but many Leningraders are happy to come here with tents or camping. Recently, a beach began to develop under the loud name Fox Beach. There are already bars, restaurants, and evening events: festivals and discos.

Defensive structures

Under Peter I, a travel palace was built in Lisy Nos, surrounded by a park. This estate was called Srednie, or Old, Dubki and has not survived to this day. The successors of Peter I were more interested in the strategic position of the cape protruding deep into the Gulf of Finland. In 1808–1810, a continuous pile barrier was erected from it to Kronstadt, designed to protect St. Petersburg from penetration by the enemy fleet. This structure existed until 1844, and ten years later the construction of a weapons redoubt for 11 guns and a harbor began in Lisiy Nos. In 1921, Lisiy Nos became a springboard for Soviet troops marching to storm the rebellious Kronstadt. From here the artillery of the besiegers fired at the Kronstadt forts, and the local residents sat in the cellars in fear.

Railway

Temple in the name of the Holy Blessed Prince Vladimir

The beautiful temple in Lisye was built in 1908 on the initiative of the merchant A.I. Nefyodov. In 1937–1938, the temple was closed, but believers achieved the resumption of services, which did not stop even during the siege of Leningrad. Inside there are majestic stained glass windows, a round stove and large floor icons that were brought here by believers across the ice of the Gulf of Finland from Kronstadt after the destruction of St. Andrew's Cathedral.

Place of execution

During the revolution of 1905–1907, executions of revolutionaries were carried out in Lisiy Nos (contemporaries called it the execution place of the revolution), and those executed were secretly buried here. By the way, at one time it was here that the Finnish sect of the Hikhulites settled, preaching the imminent end of the world and the imminent coming of the Antichrist.

Cottages, towers and public buildings

The main attractions of Fox Nose are the ancient dachas: made of wood and logs, with bizarre shapes, sharp spiers and turrets, carved shutters, they still amaze the eye with their former grandeur and beauty. By the way, among the summer residents there was also a Russian artist Ivan Shishkin - a big fan of these places. Now in Lisiy Nos there is a functioning public bathhouse with columns, as well as the former Chaika cinema.

Monument "Road of Courage"

Soviet Disneyland project

Surprisingly, in the late 1980s it was planned to build the first Soviet Disneyland here - a park with attractions, swimming pools, an aquarium, a zoo, a botanical garden, theaters with 850 and 450 seats and a cinema with six halls with 300 seats each. Unfortunately, due to sabotage from the “democratic public,” this project was never implemented.

Beaches in the vicinity of Lisiy Nos

The sights of the village of Lisiy Nos are not only architecture, but also excellent beaches, which are highly valued by residents of St. Petersburg as a place to relax. There is the old Central Beach, which has a narrow strip of sand. The places here are not particularly cultivated, quite wild, but many Leningraders are happy to come here with tents or camping. Recently, a beach began to develop under the loud name Fox Beach. There are already bars, restaurants, and evening events, such as various festivals and discos.

The sun is the source of life on the planet. Its rays provide the necessary light and warmth. At the same time, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun is destructive to all living things. To find a compromise between the beneficial and harmful properties of the Sun, meteorologists calculate the ultraviolet radiation index, which characterizes the degree of its danger.

What kind of UV radiation from the sun is there?

Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun has a wide range and is divided into three regions, two of which reach the Earth.

UVA Long-wave radiation range
315–400 nm

The rays pass almost freely through all atmospheric “barriers” and reach the Earth.
UV-B. Medium wave range radiation
280–315 nm

The rays are 90% absorbed by the ozone layer, carbon dioxide and water vapor.
UV-C. Shortwave range radiation
100–280 nm

The most dangerous area. They are completely absorbed by stratospheric ozone without reaching the Earth.

The more ozone, clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere, the less the harmful effects of the Sun. However, these life-saving factors have a high natural variability. The annual maximum of stratospheric ozone occurs in spring, and the minimum in autumn. Cloudiness is one of the most variable characteristics of weather. The carbon dioxide content also changes all the time.

At what UV index values is there a danger?

The UV index provides an estimate of the amount of UV radiation from the Sun at the Earth's surface. UV index values range from a safe 0 to an extreme 11+.

0–2 Low
3–5 Moderate
6–7 High
8–10 Very high
11+ Extreme

In mid-latitudes, the UV index approaches unsafe values (6–7) only when maximum height The sun is above the horizon (occurs in late June - early July). At the equator, the UV index reaches 9...11+ points throughout the year.

What are the benefits of the sun?

In small doses, UV radiation from the Sun is simply necessary. The sun's rays synthesize melanin, serotonin, and vitamin D, which are necessary for our health, and prevent rickets.

Melanin creates a kind of protective barrier for skin cells from the harmful effects of the Sun. Because of it, our skin darkens and becomes more elastic.

The hormone of happiness serotonin affects our well-being: it improves mood and increases overall vitality.

Vitamin D strengthens the immune system, stabilizes blood pressure and performs anti-rickets functions.

Why is the sun dangerous?

When sunbathing, it is important to understand that the line between the beneficial and harmful Sun is very thin. Excessive tanning always borders on a burn. Ultraviolet radiation damages DNA in skin cells.

The body's defense system cannot cope with such aggressive influence. It lowers immunity, damages the retina, causes skin aging and can lead to cancer.

Ultraviolet light destroys the DNA chain

How the Sun affects people

Sensitivity to UV radiation depends on skin type. People of the European race are the most sensitive to the Sun - for them, protection is required already at index 3, and 6 is considered dangerous.

At the same time, for Indonesians and African Americans this threshold is 6 and 8, respectively.

Who is most influenced by the Sun?

People with fair hair
skin tone

People with many moles

Residents of mid-latitudes during a holiday in the south

Winter lovers
fishing

Skiers and climbers

People with a family history of skin cancer

In what weather is the sun more dangerous?

It is a common misconception that the sun is dangerous only in hot and clear weather. You can also get sunburned in cool, cloudy weather.

Cloudiness, no matter how dense it may be, does not reduce the amount of ultraviolet radiation to zero. In mid-latitudes, cloudiness significantly reduces the risk of getting sunburned, which cannot be said about traditional places beach holiday. For example, in the tropics, if in sunny weather you can get sunburned in 30 minutes, then in cloudy weather - in a couple of hours.

How to protect yourself from the sun

To protect yourself from harmful rays, follow simple rules:

Spend less time in the sun during midday hours

Wear light-colored clothing, including wide-brimmed hats

Use protective creams

Wear sunglasses

Stay in the shade more on the beach

Which sunscreen to choose

Sunscreen varies in degree of sun protection and is labeled from 2 to 50+. The numbers indicate the proportion of solar radiation that overcomes the protection of the cream and reaches the skin.

For example, when applying a cream labeled 15, only 1/15 (or 7 %) of the ultraviolet rays will penetrate the protective film. In the case of cream 50, only 1/50, or 2 %, affects the skin.

Sunscreen creates a reflective layer on the body. However, it is important to understand that no cream can reflect 100% of ultraviolet radiation.

For everyday use, when the time spent under the Sun does not exceed half an hour, a cream with protection 15 is quite suitable. For tanning on the beach, it is better to take 30 or higher. However, for fair-skinned people it is recommended to use a cream labeled 50+.

How to Apply Sunscreen

The cream should be applied evenly to all exposed skin, including the face, ears and neck. If you plan to sunbathe for a long time, then the cream should be applied twice: 30 minutes before going out and, additionally, before going to the beach.

Please check the cream instructions for the required volume for application.

How to Apply Sunscreen When Swimming

Sunscreen should be applied every time after swimming. Water washes away the protective film and, by reflecting the sun's rays, increases the dose of ultraviolet radiation received. Thus, when swimming, the risk of sunburn increases. However, due to the cooling effect, you may not feel the burn.

Excessive sweating and wiping with a towel are also reasons to re-protect the skin.

It should be remembered that on the beach, even under an umbrella, the shade does not provide complete protection. Sand, water and even grass reflect up to 20% of ultraviolet rays, increasing their impact on the skin.

How to protect your eyes

Sunlight reflected from water, snow or sand can cause painful burns to the retina. To protect your eyes, wear sunglasses with a UV filter.

Danger for skiers and climbers

In the mountains, the atmospheric “filter” is thinner. For every 100 meters of height, the UV index increases by 5 %.

Snow reflects up to 85 % of ultraviolet rays. In addition, up to 80 % of the ultraviolet reflected by the snow cover is reflected again by clouds.

Thus, in the mountains the Sun is most dangerous. It is necessary to protect your face, lower chin and ears even in cloudy weather.

How to deal with sunburn if you get sunburned

Use a damp sponge to moisten the burn.

Apply anti-burn cream to the burned areas

If your temperature rises, consult your doctor; you may be advised to take an antipyretic

If the burn is severe (the skin swells and blisters greatly), seek medical attention

Fox Nose

When looking at geographical map Leningrad region this point immediately attracts attention: well, indeed, the fox’s face is visible in the outlines of the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland. And the inhabitants of this area, back in ancient times, noticed such a funny similarity, and they called the cape, protruding far into the sea, Fox Nose.
And when a small village arose in this place, it received the same name, but it was written with a dash: Lisiy-Nos. Nowadays, a settlement on Lisiy Nos is called a village and is written without a dash: Lisiy Nos (both the village and the cape).
Like others settlements northern shore of the Gulf of Finland near St. Petersburg, Lisiy Nos also became dacha place. No wonder it was once considered the apple orchard of Finland. With the advent of the railway connecting Sestroretsk with St. Petersburg, this entire area turned into a very fashionable holiday destination.
Kronstadt residents willingly rented dachas both in Lisiy Nos and in its environs. And the owners of the railway even opened a special, Kronstadt, railway line. The train ran from Novaya Derevnya to Lisiy Nos, and passengers got off right at the pier! And here a ship was waiting for them, which took everyone to Kotlin Island.
True, and in New Village, at the railway station, and here, in Kronstadt, on the St. Petersburg pier, an announcement was posted without fail before the start of the navigation period that during a break in communication with Kronstadt, train traffic on the branch between Razdelny Point and Lisiy-Nos would stop. And during shallow waters, stormy weather and ice drift, communication between Kronstadt and Lisiy-Nos is carried out whenever possible.
Thus, for the Kronstadters, both shores of the sea were both attractive and accessible. Renting a dacha on the mainland was not only prestigious, but was also considered mandatory at that time. It is interesting that in common parlance the northern shore of the sea was called “this” shore, and the southern shore of the sea was called “that” shore. More prosperous inhabitants believed that it was better to rent a dacha on “this” shore. And those who were simpler went to “that” shore. And there were also many beautiful dachas, with gardens, flower beds and vegetable gardens. And there were also wonderful beaches and excellent sea bathing.
But the time has come for revolutionary events. Life has changed. Finland gained independence. A state border appeared with restricted areas and checkpoints. Steamboats stopped sailing to Lisiy Nos, the owners of beautiful estates and luxurious dachas disappeared somewhere. And only a few Kronstadt residents, according to tradition, continued to rent a dacha for the family for the summer, but only on the “other” bank. This is how the thread connecting the Kronstadters with Lisiy-Nos broke.
During the Kronstadt rebellion, Fox Nose again played its role in the history of our city: here, in this area, the forces of the Red Army were concentrated for the attack on Kronstadt. The first attempt, as we know, was a failure. After this, the Bolsheviks had to take Kronstadt seriously. And so the Red Army regiments, dressed in white camouflage suits, launched a new offensive. The leading columns descended onto the ice in complete silence, in the deep darkness of the night. The soldiers and commanders of the 236th Orsha Regiment left Lisy Nos. Their task was to occupy the forts of the Northern fairway, to divert the attention of the defenders to themselves in order to help those who were advancing on Kronstadt with south coast seas.
Two o'clock in the morning. Fog. The red commander PUTNA meets the attackers on the ice. And the parting words sounded: “Forward, comrades! To Kronstadt! There’s no point in even thinking about returning without taking Kronstadt!”
People are still concerned about this episode from the history of Kronstadt. How was it possible to take Kronstadt? Why did he give up? There is no answer to this question yet. But still, it seems that the Red Army managed to break the rebels because not all the possibilities of defending Kronstadt were used. Twenty years later, in the same way, on the ice, the Germans advanced on Kronstadt with tanks, self-propelled guns, and with the support of their front-line artillery. They came out both from “that” bank and from “this”, a little to the right of Lisiy Nos. And every time all the firing points of Kotlin Island came to life and turned towards the advancing guns of the ships. And the Nazis rolled back to their original positions. According to documentary data, the Germans usually organized their forays onto the ice once a week!
This time, all the defense capabilities of Kronstadt, created over the course of two centuries, were put into action; this time another factor was at work: “strangers were coming!” Yes, this was an enemy who needed to be destroyed, wiped off the face of the earth! So that his spirit does not remain, anywhere, neither in the Northern, nor in the Western, nor in the Southern, nor in the Eastern hemispheres of our sinful planet! And if, beyond expectation, something brown subsequently flashes anywhere, beyond any border, in any corner, and even begins to “appear”, then this too must be destroyed as decisively and surely as a nit is destroyed, no matter on what hair She didn't sit!
During the Great Patriotic War, Fox Nose again became close to us: our Kronstadt Road of Life began there! This route was more different from the Ladoga Road of Life difficult route. It began, our Road of Life, from Cape Fox Nose, went to Kotlin Island, crossed it, again went out onto the ice and ended on the Oranienbaum coast. Separate branches were also attached to the islands of the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland, namely, to the island of Lavensari, to Sommers Island, to the islands of Bolshoy and Maly Tyutersy and to others that were in our hands. And just like the Ladoga Road of Life, ours was also a hot spot. She, too, was in the enemy's sights, and the enemy was trying with all his might to disrupt her work.
While navigation continued, transportation was carried out on ships, but already in November frosts began. And it was necessary to pave the road on the ice. For Kronstadt this was a common thing. Our military hydrographers studied life from year to year sea ice, knew all its features. It was they who were called to help when it was necessary to lay a route along Lake Ladoga. They were the first to come to east coast lakes, using skis and Finnish sleds for their instruments.
Our Kronstadt Road of Life was called the Little Road of Life. But she was almost the same as Ladoga. And in length, and in importance for the defense of Kronstadt, and in the number of goods transported, and people who passed along this road... Spring was approaching. The question of evacuation arose. Many did not want to leave and were even ready to endure mortal pain, just not to part with their native, forever beloved Kronstadt. But the order came - firm and unwavering. And people began to gather for a distant unknown journey.
The gathering place was on Vosstaniya Street. Weak, extremely exhausted people, bundled up to the eyebrows (from below and from above), stretched there, pulling their bags and bales on sleds. Their relatives helped them. And trucks were running towards them, from one and a half to seven-ton giants; there was always something in the bodies, but passengers were placed behind the cabs and along the sides. Well, we hugged goodbye, kissed, sat down, and loaded up with our belongings. The driver kicked the wheels, inspected his household, took the women and children to his place and - with God! Let's get moving. And the descent onto the ice was through the ancient fortress gates. Cars carefully made their way through narrow arches, but then the engine roared and a truck ran along the smooth surface of the snow, and the eyes of those sitting in the back peered until the last minute at the city running back, with which everything was connected. The wind at sea is piercing, merciless, it penetrates under your clothes and freezes your body, but you have to endure it. And now the shore is approaching. This is him - Fox Nose.
Farewell, Kronstadt! But the pines run towards you, wave their branches and seem to welcome the arrivals. And everyone’s soul becomes lighter: no, it’s still Fox Nose, motherland, almost Kronstadt.
Cars stop near the railway, people unload things, take out blankets, and wrap up children. Frost, wind, snowdrifts all around. When will the train arrive? But the rumor spreads: “You can get lunch!” Lord, is this true? They run with cans, pots, kettles. They bring bread, soup, porridge, and tea from the evacuation point. The children are fed, they eat, and they are happy. And here the train is coming, the wheels are clicking. Boarding begins. All this with the greatest effort, with agony, but we must, we must save children, the elderly, and save ourselves. People came with red bands on their sleeves. They asked if everything was okay, if everyone fit in. The train went there, to Lake Ladoga, but here, in Lisiy Nos, someone remained. Not everyone could survive this path. And even those who got to Lake Ladoga. And even they, who had already eaten, were warm, and even they could not all escape. Both on the Western shore of Lake Ladoga and on its Eastern shore there are mass graves in which hundreds of thousands of dead are buried, including those evacuated from both Leningrad and Kronstadt. These graves are known, people come to them, lay flowers on them, light candles. But no one in Kronstadt knows whether there is a mass grave in the cemetery of the village of Lisiy Nos? And it was not heard that people from Kronstadt would go there to remember their fellow countrymen, pray for them, and clean up the grave. According to the recollections of residents of the Lisiy Nos settlement, there were a lot of people who died during the evacuation from Kronstadt.
The evacuation from Kronstadt to summer time. At Cape Fox Nose they even had to build piers for barges to moor to. And loading onto these barges was carried out in the Italian Pond, which was clearly visible to the Germans and, of course, they opened fire on the slow-moving tugs pulling the barges. It was here, to these piers of Lisiy Nos, that the troops arrived from across Lake Ladoga for transfer to the Oranienbaum bridgehead. This operation began on November 5, 1943. And it was carried out in extremely difficult autumn-winter conditions. The weather was warm, the ice did not freeze well and was unreliable, and in the darkness of the night, with the lights extinguished, icy ships with barges in tow stubbornly made their way through the ice floes, from Lisiy Nos, along the eastern tip of Kotlin Island, the troops of the Second Shock Army.
The prompt transportation of these troops, in order to regroup the forces of the Leningrad Front, is unprecedented in the history of wars. The enemy was never able to unravel the plan of the Soviet command, although he showed a certain interest in this movement and tried to deliver systematic attacks on these areas with his fire.
And, in spite of everything, tens of thousands of soldiers and officers, about 2,300 vehicles and tractors, 214 tanks and armored vehicles, about 700 guns and mortars, 5,800 tons of ammunition, about 4 thousand horses and 14 thousand tons were delivered to the Oranienbaum bridgehead from Lisy Nos other cargo. And as a result, in this sector of the front, superiority over the enemy was ensured over the enemy in infantry by three times, in tanks by six times, in mortars by four times, and in artillery by three times. And the artillery density created up to 170 guns and mortars per kilometer of front.
And then that day came, great and unforgettable, January 14, 1944! At dawn of this winter day the guns fired. For sixty-five minutes, a firestorm rolled towards the Nazis, and behind it our soldiers, supported by tanks and aircraft, went on the attack. And the earth rose up like black fountains from Oranienbaum to Peterhof. The next day, after an equally intense artillery preparation, which lasted 1 hour and 40 minutes, our troops launched an attack from the Pulkovo Heights area. And the fascists ran away from the walls of Leningrad and the enemy blockade scattered, and the great, incomparable, most beautiful city was released! And the heroic Leningraders breathed a sigh of relief, and the whole country sighed with them!
The Great Patriotic War ended, and again the residents of Kronstadt forgot about their neighbor, the village of Lisiy Nos. But in 1979 the Government Soviet Union a decision was made to build a complex of protective structures for Leningrad against floods. The idea, of course, was good and the intentions were good. But our life is the greatest magician, and it has made its own unkind adjustments to the construction process. This entire Complex was built using barbaric methods, even in the newspapers of that time there were facts that, unfortunately, were not uncommon on other majestic construction projects in our country, which in propaganda literature were called “accomplishments”, but in reality were hack work. Only one thing is incomprehensible: how it was possible from high stands, shining with noble gray hair, having children and grandchildren, to speak well and work like that! As a result, colossal amounts of money have been spent, and the “accomplishment” has still not been completed.
But, be that as it may, a segment of our great dam still there is. It connects our island with northern shore sea, there in the area of Gorskoy station, which is near the village of Lisiy Nos.
Passenger transport develops in various forms. If I had the money, I could get to Lisiy Nos, Sestroretsk, or St. Petersburg - no problem. A lot has changed for our city. It has become open, accessible and more susceptible to new trends.
Kronstadt is finally becoming the center of world tourism. The first excursions were on foot and required a lot of strength and courage from the excursionists. The excursion season began on May 15 and ended on October 15. And now there are excursions by bus throughout the year, although, of course, in winter much escapes the sight of excursionists. We also have a lot of foreign tourists. The most interested tourists are tourists from Finland. Many of them themselves lived in Kronstadt, were even born here, many remember the stories of their elders about life in Kronstadt, name the addresses where their grandparents lived, and even know which houses used to belong to their families in Kronstadt.
Already at the checkpoint, at the entrance to Kronstadt, passengers of the Finnish tourist bus ask: “Where is Fox Nose?”, “Where is Sestroretsk, in which direction?”, “And Terijoki, is that there?” When they find out that all this granite, which is lined with the embankment and walls of the Kronstadt harbors, sea forts, the dams and channels were extracted from the quarries of Pyuterlaksa and the same Fox Nose, with what tenderness they stroke these stones. Even the thunder stone, which served as the pedestal for the monument to the Bronze Horseman, even it was found in the vicinity of Lisiy Nos and was brought to St. Petersburg from there!
We know very little about the life of our northern neighbor, the small, modest village of Lisiy Nos. But he is not a stranger to us. There is a lot that connects us in the past, but perhaps we will have something in the future?
When the construction of the Hydrotechnical Complex is completed (and it will be completed someday), then communication with the seashores will improve, and Kronstadters will again begin to rent summer cottages in Lisiy Nos for the summer, and, perhaps, they will build cottages there: a wonderful place ! Resort! The real one, and right next door!