Maximum height of the iceberg. A giant iceberg has broken off from Antarctica. B15 - the largest iceberg

The largest iceberg known to scientists was an Arctic flat ice floe with an area of sq. km (335 km long and 97 km wide, i.e. its size exceeded the territory of Belgium), which was located 240 km west of Scott Island in the South Pacific Ocean. This iceberg was discovered by the American merchant ship Glacier on November 12, 1956. The 61 m thick (360 sq km) Arctic ice island T. 1, discovered in 1946, was monitored for 17 years. The tallest iceberg measured - 167 m - was spotted off the west coast of Greenland by the American icebreaker East Wind in 1958.

March 6" href="/text/category/6_marta/" rel="bookmark">March 6, 1987, taken by the American K2 expedition. According to satellite imaging equipment, the height of this mountain is m, in contrast to 8610 m, as was officially considered in the 19th century, and 8760 m in the 20th century. This can be compared with the latest data on the height of Everest - 8848.1 m, as established by Chinese studies in July 1973. On July 31, 1954, 14 months after the conquest of Everest, Italians A. Nampanyoni and L. Lacedelli climbed to the top of K2.

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The highest lake.

Titicaca.

The world's highest navigable Lake Titicaca ( maximum depth 370 m), area about 8285 sq. km. (4790 sq. km. in Peru, 3495 sq. km. in Bolivia), in South America. Its length is 209 km, height - 3811 m above sea level.

Not far from Everest glacial lake without name, whose height is 5880 m above sea level.

The most big lake in the mountains of Tibet Nem Tso, with an area of 1956 square meters. km, located at an altitude of 4578 m above sea level.

The most powerful eruption.

Volcano Krakatoa.

The most powerful eruption was that of Krakatoa, which is an island in the Sunda Strait, between the islands of Sumatra and Java, Indonesia. It occurred at approximately 10 a.m. local time (3.00 GMT) on August 27, 1883. The wave resulting from the volcanic explosion demolished 163 villages and killed 36,380 people. The stones flew up to a height of 55 km, and the dust settled at a distance of 5330 km. 10 more days. The volcanic explosion was recorded 4 hours later on the island of Rodrigues, located 4,776 km away, as a “roar of heavy guns” and was heard over 1/13 of the surface of the globe.

How are icebergs formed?

Translated from German language The word iceberg means "ice mountain". Indeed, icebergs are majestic floating ice mountains, “reservoirs” fresh water, whose “production factories” are the Arctic and Antarctic. The formation of icebergs occurs as a result of the breaking off of multi-ton pieces of ice from the sliding continental glaciers of Greenland, the islands of the Canadian archipelago and Spitsbergen in the Arctic, and from the ice sheet covering Antarctica.

It is accompanied by a strong roar, similar to artillery shelling, causing witnesses to this spectacle to tremble in horror. The surface of the ocean begins to move, and God forbid that any boat happens to be nearby at this time - at best, the force of the wave will throw it far away!

Iceberg Shape

The place of “birth” of icebergs determines their shape: icebergs in the southern hemisphere, the so-called table icebergs, have a flat surface, while those in the north have an irregular, intricately rugged surface. The size of some floating giants sometimes reaches several thousand square kilometers.

Back in the middle of the 19th century, scientists had the opportunity to observe for 10 years the movement of a giant iceberg 120 km long and 90 m high. In 1927, Norwegian whalers encountered an ice island whose length was 170 km. And in November 1956, the largest iceberg ever described was spotted in Antarctic waters, 375 km long and more than 100 km wide. In area (more than 37 thousand km2) it was slightly smaller than Moldova.

11 thousand square kilometers

The movement of the iceberg depends not on the winds, but on sea currents, since almost all of it is under water, and only 1/10 of it protrudes above the surface. Therefore, icebergs often drift against the wind, and even, like giant icebreakers, through ice fields two meters thick. Since the main part of the iceberg, which can be up to 500 m thick, is invisible, and the tip is almost always shrouded in fog due to melting ice, icebergs pose a serious danger to shipping. After the tragedy that happened with the Titanic, the icebergs are being carefully monitored.

The largest iceberg in the history of glaciers and icebergs, called B15, broke off from the Antarctic ice shelf in 2000. Its area was approximately 11 thousand km 2. For two and a half years, this ice giant, the size of Jamaica, was locked in the Ross Sea, a “parking lot” for icebergs, and in 2003 it split into two pieces. They, too, in turn, split into pieces over the years. And now the largest iceberg is considered to be C19A with an area of 5.5 thousand km 2, which is “parked” in the western waters of the Ross Sea.

In 2010, near the Greenland coast, employees of the Canadian Ice Observation Service discovered the largest iceberg in the northern hemisphere in the last half century - the size of a third of Kyiv. Among the thousands of icebergs that break off from the Greenland glaciers, such giants are very a rare event. If this huge ice floe with an area of 260 km 2 were to move south of Greenland, it would seriously hinder shipping in the Atlantic.

Iceberg 450 meters high

The tallest iceberg was seen near the Falkland Islands (South Atlantic) in 1904. Its peak was located at an altitude of 450 m (for comparison: the height Eiffel Tower with antenna – 324 meters)! And in the northern hemisphere, the tallest iceberg was recorded with a height of 168 m.

Despite all precautions, even today ships cannot always avoid crashes after encountering these floating ice mountains.

The word "iceberg" is translated as "ice mountain". This is no exaggeration, since icebergs are truly enormous in size. The largest was discovered in Antarctic waters in nineteen fifty-six. Its length was three hundred eighty-five thousand meters, and its width was two hundred seventy-four thousand meters less.
Exercise
Exercise. How wide was the largest iceberg?

The word "iceberg" is translated as "ice mountain". This is no exaggeration, since icebergs are truly enormous. The largest was discovered in Antarctic waters in nineteen fifty-six. Its length was three hundred eighty-five thousand meters, and its width was two hundred seventy-four thousand meters less.

Exercise. How wide was the largest iceberg?
Exercise.

The tallest iceberg was encountered in nineteen hundred and four. The height of the peak of this ice mountain was 450 m.

Exercise. What was discovered first - the tallest or the largest iceberg?

The tallest iceberg was encountered in nineteen hundred and four. The height of the peak of this ice mountain was 450 m.

Exercise. What was discovered first - the tallest or the largest iceberg?
About one hundred thousand ice islands break off from the glaciers of Antarctica every year, and up to fifteen thousand from the glaciers of Greenland.
Exercise. Which glacier, Antarctica or Greenland, “supplies” more icebergs to the world's oceans?
Exercise.

About one hundred thousand ice islands break off from the glaciers of Antarctica every year, and up to fifteen thousand from the glaciers of Greenland.

Exercise. Which glacier, Antarctica or Greenland, “supplies” more icebergs to the world’s oceans?

Antarctica is a continent almost completely covered with ice. The average ice thickness on it is 2650 m, and in some areas of East Antarctica - 5 km. The largest part of the Antarctic ice sheet, the Bidmore Glacier, is up to 40,000 m wide and 5 times longer. And despite this, rare ice-free areas of the surface in the summer are covered with flowers, ferns and lichens.

Exercise.
Exercise.
Exercise. How many meters is the ice thickness of East Antarctica greater than the average thickness of the ice sheet?
Exercise. How long is the Bidmore Glacier?

Antarctica is a continent almost completely covered with ice. The average ice thickness on it is 2650 m, and in some areas of East Antarctica - 5 km. The largest part of the Antarctic ice sheet, the Bidmore Glacier, is up to 40,000 m wide and 5 times longer. And despite this, the rare ice-free areas of the surface in the summer are covered with flowers, ferns and lichens.

Exercise. How many meters is the ice thickness of East Antarctica greater than the average thickness of the ice sheet?
Exercise. How long is the Bidmore Glacier?

Antarctica is the only continent without an indigenous population. In summer, the number of temporary residents is about four thousand people; in winter, about one thousand five hundred people live in Antarctica. These are mainly scientists - employees of research stations. But no one has ever lived in Antarctica for more than 18 months.

Exercise.
Exercise. What time of year does Antarctica research take place? large quantity people - in winter or summer?

Exercise. At what time of year do more people participate in Antarctica exploration - winter or summer?
Exercise.

Greenland, the largest island in the world, is almost completely covered with ice. Its northern end is located higher Arctic Circle and is located at a distance of about 700 km from the North Pole. The length of the island from north to south is 2690 km, the greatest width is 1300 km. Only the coastal areas of Greenland are suitable for human life.

Exercise. How far is the southern tip of Greenland from the North Pole?

Greenland, the largest island in the world, is almost completely covered with ice. Its northern tip is located above the Arctic Circle and is located at a distance of about 700 km from the North Pole. The length of the island from north to south is 2690 km, the greatest width is 1300 km. Only the coastal areas of Greenland are suitable for human life.

Exercise. How far is the southern tip of Greenland from the North Pole?

Exercise. The mass of the blue whale is the heaviest animal on Earth, about 190,000 kg. Sometimes they say about the blue whale that it is huge, like an iceberg. Is this a fair comparison?

November 12, 1956 at Pacific Ocean The largest iceberg in history was discovered. Its length was 335 km. Ice cliffs have always aroused the interest of researchers, travelers and ordinary people. We will tell you about the five most famous icebergs in history.

Iceberg "Titanic"

This unremarkable iceberg became famous thanks to the great ship it sank. The giant British ship, which its creators claimed was distinguished by its increased strength, sank after colliding with a block of ice on April 14, 1912, resulting in the death of 1,495 people.

It is known that the iceberg broke off from the glacier in Melville Bay in Greenland on June 24, 1910 at 12:45 p.m. The wandering mountain had a height of 105 m and a weight of 420 thousand tons. While sailing across the Atlantic, the iceberg greatly decreased in size, but was still massive enough to ram and sink a 66 thousand-ton liner.

After the collision with the ship, the mountain was picked up by a warm current and six months later brought it to Franz Josef Land. Here, a half-melted, loose iceberg ran aground and, after overwintering until the summer of 1913, melted.

Fletcher Island

Ice Island Fletcher's Iceberg (or T-3) is an iceberg discovered by explorer Joseph Fletcher in the late 1940s. This is one of the most famous drifting islands. It broke off from the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf. The area of the island was 90 square meters. km, the ice thickness is up to 50 m. From 1952 to 1978, drifting scientific stations were repeatedly located on it. In the early 1980s, the iceberg was believed to have been carried out into the North Atlantic and melted.

B-15 largest iceberg

The largest iceberg in the history of scientific observations (documented and studied by scientists), an iceberg called B-15, broke off from the Antarctic ice shelf in 2000. Its area was approximately 11 thousand square meters. km. For two and a half years, this ice giant the size of Jamaica was locked in the Ross Sea, and in 2003 it split into two pieces. They, too, in turn, split into pieces over the years. The iceberg discovered in 1956 was larger, it had an area of 31 thousand square meters. km, however, has not been studied by scientists, unlike the B-15.

Record holder of the Northern Hemisphere

In 2010, near the Greenland coast, employees of the Canadian Ice Observation Service discovered the largest iceberg in the Northern Hemisphere in the last half century - the size of a third of Kyiv (260 sq. km.). Among the thousands of icebergs that break off from the Greenland glaciers, such giants are a very rare sight. If this huge ice floe were to move south of Greenland, it would seriously hinder shipping in the Atlantic.