CAUCASIAN MINERAL WATERS is the main balneological and mud resort in Russia.

Caucasian Mineral Waters (Kavminvody, KMV) - this is a group of resorts of federal significance in the Stavropol Territory, a specially protected ecological resort region Russian Federation. Caucasian Mineral Waters located in the south of the European part of Russia, almost at the same distance from the Black and Caspian Seas, - within the junction of the Mineralovodsk sloping plain and the northern slopes Greater Caucasus. Through the territory Kavminvod there is an electrified railway Moscow - Rostov - Baku with a branch to Kislovodsk (and a branch to Zheleznovodsk), as well as an asphalt federal highway Rostov - Baku M29. Mineralnye Vody Airport connects KMV with direct airlines to all major centers Russia, neighboring countries, and also operates flights to foreign countries. Regional center of the CMS is a city Essentuki. Previously, this status belonged to the city of Pyatigorsk, and even earlier - Georgievsk.

Caucasian District Mineralnye Vody occupies the southern part of the Stavropol Territory and is located on the northern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range, just a couple of tens of kilometers from Elbrus. The southern borders of the KMS region are the foothills of Elbrus, the valley of the Khasaut and Malki rivers, in the west - the upper reaches of the Eshkakona and Podkumka rivers, the northern border of the region is the city of Mineralnye Vody, beyond which the steppe expanses of the Ciscaucasia begin.

Mud spa resort Caucasian Mineral Waters was created by decree of Emperor Alexander I at the beginning of the 19th century. At first it was used as a place for rehabilitation and treatment of officers of the tsarist army after injuries during the Caucasian wars and the conquest of Central Asia. Only in late XIX century, the resort became a civilian one, and the first sanatoriums were built at the beginning of the 20th century.

Southern position Kavminvody region provide a large amount of solar radiation throughout the year. Winter is short (2-3 months), spring is also short with a sharp transition to summer. In May, hot days are already coming. Summer is warm, with high intensity of solar radiation (especially in Kislovodsk). Autumn is warm, dry and long.

Above all resorts Caucasian Mineral Waters located Kislovodsk(817-1063 m), the remaining resorts are located at approximately the same altitude: Essentuki- along the river Podkumok (600-640 m), Pyatigorsk- at the foot of Mashuk (510-630 m), Zheleznovodsk- in the valley between Beshtau and Zheleznaya, on the slopes at the foot of the latter (600-650 m). The vegetation is represented mainly by massifs of oak-hornbeam forests alternating with meadow steppes; in the foothills there is steppe and forest-steppe vegetation, which in the mountains (at an altitude of 800-1100 m) is replaced by broad-leaved forests (beech, oak, hornbeam).

Relief of the Caucasian Mineral Waters region begins at the foot of Elbrus, where a rocky ridge with a number of peaks clearly stands out. In the western and southern parts of the CMV, the mountains are steep, sometimes with sheer ledges breaking off to the south, and the long northern slopes are slightly inclined and merge with the foothill plain. The dissected relief, which creates a wide variety of landscapes, is explained by the long development and complex geological structure of the territory.

Climate of the KavMinVod region has long been highly valued by balneologists and has been successfully used as a healing factor. Climatic conditions each resort differ radically, which is largely determined by the nature of the relief and the difference in altitude locations of the Kavminvod resort towns. The main advantages of the local climate are associated with the large number of sunny days - in Kislovodsk only 37-40 days a year are without sun. It is relatively dry here; moist air masses from the Black Sea do not reach here - they are delayed by the Main Caucasus Ridge.

Caucasian Mineral Waters include four world-famous balneological resort cities: Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki and Kislovodsk.

CMS resortsdo not have an off-season period, are accepted for treatment and recreation all year round, which is explained by the southern location of the Kavminvod region and the presence of unique natural healing factors (climate, mineral waters of various types for external and internal use, silt mud of Lake Tambukan).

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In each of cities of Kavminvod There are unique healing factors and sanatoriums that use them and the achievements of modern medicine to treat a wide variety of diseases. Treatment profiles of Kavminvod are divided by city. Each city specializes in the treatment of certain diseases. So sanatoriums of Zheleznovodsk are being treated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract , urological diseases , V sanatoriums of Pyatigorsk are being treated musculoskeletal system, skin and allergic diseases, gynecological and gastrointestinal diseases, For Essentuki sanatoriums, the main treatment profile, as in Zheleznovodsk, is gastrointestinal tract and diseases of the endocrine system, also in Essentuki they treat and gynecological diseases . Sanatoriums Kislovodsk specialize in the treatment of various diseases respiratory system, circulatory system and nervous system. If you want to relax and receive treatment at the CMV, people should be guided by these factors, because in each city, all sanatoriums specialize in the main profile of the city, because the profile of the city is determined by natural factors that contribute to the treatment of a particular disease.

The main natural healing factors at the KMS resorts:

• Pyatigorsk - carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide-hydrogen sulfide, radon waters, Essentuki type mineral waters
• Essentuki - salt-alkaline waters
• Kislovodsk - dolomite and sulfate narzans
• Zheleznovodsk - Slavyanovskaya and Smirnovskaya waters

Each of the KMS resorts has its own treatment profile:

• Kislovodsk - treatment of diseases of cardio-vascular system , respiratory organs And nervous system
• Essentuki - treatment of diseases gastrointestinal tract , including liver and biliary tract, metabolic disorders, endocrine (nutritional obesity, diabetes mellitus), gynecological diseases
• Pyatigorsk - treatment of diseases musculoskeletal system , digestive organs, nervous system, skin diseases, peripheral vessels, gynecology and urology
• Zheleznovodsk - treatment urological diseases And diseases of the gastrointestinal tract , including urolithiasis and cholelithiasis

Pyatigorsk - the largest balneological and mud resort of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. The treatment here is multidisciplinary and is based on hot hydrogen sulfide and radon waters. The healing mud of Lake Tambukan is widely used. On Mount Mashuk there is a mineral spring, the water of which is a good remedy for diseases of the liver and biliary tract and for diseases of the digestive system.

Essentuki– a balneological resort with one of the most popular table mineral waters in Russia. Mainly "Essentuki" No. 4 and No. 17. "Four" recommended for diseases of the stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder, and urinary tract. It has a beneficial effect on metabolic processes, causing a shift in the acid-base balance to the alkaline side. "№17" - for the same diseases, only with increased mineralization and is not recommended for diseases of the urinary tract.

Zheleznovodsk- the smallest of the balneological resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. There are warm natural springs here.
The most famous - "Slavyanovskaya" And "Smirnovskaya". Both waters are effective in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Kislovodsk- the southernmost balneoclimatic resort of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. The microclimate is added to the sources here. Kislovodsk has a dry and sunny winter (it is protected from the winds by mountains). The main healing factor is the huge resort park, the largest in Europe. The main element of treatment is narzan. Narzans of Kislovodsk are well saturated with carbon dioxide. This is a good drink to quench your thirst. Kislovodsk Narzan enhances the secretory activity of the digestive glands and has a beneficial effect on the activity of the urinary tract.

Diagnostic capabilities sanatoriums of the KMV presented the most modern methods, including ultrasound examinations, determination of biochemical parameters, various functional tests, and allow us to differentiate the diagnosis and prescribe an individual course of treatment, taking into account the identified pathology.

The main methods of treatment in Kavminvod sanatoriums are: climate therapy, diet therapy, dosed walking (health paths), internal and external use of mineral waters, radon therapy, mud therapy, inhalation therapy, massage, physical therapy, a variety of hardware physiotherapy and other traditional and non-traditional methods of treatment.

When choosing a specific health resort, you should proceed from the nature of the existing diseases and the recommendations of the attending physician; only in this case the effect of the sanatorium-resort treatment will be optimal.

How to get there

• By air . Airplanes fly to Mineralnye Vody airport from the following cities: Aktau, Evkaterinburg (via Sochi), Kazan, Kaliningrad, Krasnoyarsk, Magnitogorsk, Makhachkala, Moscow (Vnukovo, twice a day), Murmansk (via St. Petersburg), Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhnevartovsk, Novosibirsk, Norilsk, New Urengoy(via Kazan), Omsk and Perm (via Samara), Samara, St. Petersburg, Surgut, Tyumen, Ufa, Khabarovsk, Chita...
• By railway . Trains arrive in Kislovodsk (via Zheleznovodsk (Mashuk station), Pyatigorsk, Essentuki) from Adler (No. 643/644), Moscow (No. 3/4, No. 27/28), St. Petersburg (No. 49/50), Kiev ( No. 295/296), Simferopol (No. 397/398), Samara (No. 235/236), Tynda (No. 97/98), Minsk (No. 145/146), Novokuznetsk (No. 59/60), Chelyabinsk (No. 409 /410).
• By road . You can come to Kavminvody by direct bus from Anapa, Astrakhan, Vladikavkaz, Gelendzhik, Derbent, Labinsk, Maikop, Cherkessk, Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Krasnodar, etc. From Moscow to Kislovodsk (via all resort towns), companies have established regular bus services message.
• By personal car in good weather, you can travel from Moscow to Kislovodsk in one daylight. But this is subject to almost continuous driving along the Moscow-Rostov-Baku highway with a minimum of stops.

Distance between cities KMV:

Caucasian Mineral Waters- one of the oldest resort regions in Russia. The first written information about him mineral springs meet with the doctor G. Schober (1717), who was sent by Peter I to examine mineral " treasure troves"North Caucasus. First detailed descriptions they were made by I.A. Guldenstedt (1773), and then by P.S. Pallas (1793). In 1801, research was carried out on a hot spring in Pyatigorsk, and in 1802 a special commission concluded on the possibility of using mineral waters for medicinal purposes.

The official history of the Caucasian Mineral Waters dates back to April 24, 1803, when Tsar Alexander I signed the famous Rescript “On the recognition of the national significance of the Caucasian Mineral Waters and the need for their construction”:

“The Minister of Internal Affairs will deliver to you the conclusions made by the State Medical Board on the action of the Caucasian mineral springs, according to the testimony of the doctors sent to test and describe them. From them you will also find proposals for setting up the establishments you need from the sources.

Based on your report about one of them, located 30 versts from the Konstantinogorsk fortress, I already allowed you on March 7th to build near a small fortification. Now I instruct you to begin setting up all those institutions that are necessary for the convenience of healing. Having made the appropriate local considerations and drawn up an estimate of the work, you will deliver to me a calculation of the amount required to assign it from the treasury.

Meanwhile, from the medical board, one of the most skilled doctors and an assistant will be appointed there.

Between the assumptions, the benefits and convenience of these waters, providing, the idea of ​​​​settling linear Cossacks near these waters, I especially leave it to your consideration.

The benefits of this proposal are obvious: but putting it into effect on the Kabardian lands depends on the discretion of local conveniences, which you can determine more closely and better and about which in due time I will expect a report from you.”

A specially protected ecological resort region of the Russian Federation – Caucasian Mineral Waters located on the territory of three constituent entities of the Russian Federation:

Stavropol Territory - 58% of the entire area of ​​the region;

Kabardino-Balkaria - 9% (Zolsky district, where Lake Tambukan is located);

Karachay-Cherkessia - 33% of the area of ​​the republic (Malo-Karachay and Prikubansky districts - the zone of formation of mineral springs).

Caucasian Mineral Waters is one of the most densely populated areas of the North Caucasus. The average population density is more than 150 people per 1 km 2.

The Caucasian Mineral Waters includes 7 cities:

- Kislovodsk, located in a small and cozy picturesque valley, surrounded by the slopes of the Main Caucasus Range and formed by the gorges of two merging rivers - Olkhovka and Berezovka, flowing into the Podkumok River at an altitude of 750–1400 m above sea level;
- Essentuki, located along the river. Podkumok at an altitude of 600–640 m above sea level;
- Pyatigorsk, located at the foot of Mashuk at an altitude of 510-630 m above sea level;
- Zheleznovodsk, located in the valley between Beshtau and Zheleznaya, on the slopes at the foot of the latter at an altitude of 600–650 m above sea level;
- Lermontov, located in a valley surrounded by mountains - directly at the foot of Mount Sheludiva and the western (northwestern) slopes of Mount Beshtau;
- Mineral water, located at the foot of Mount Snake at an altitude of 330-350 m above sea level;
- Georgievsk is located on the right bank of the Kuma River at an altitude of 308 m above sea level. Previously, the city was called Gum kala (Gvym kala), which means “sand fortress” (Abazak).
And also 3 districts- Predgorny, Mineralovodsky and Georgievsky.

Caucasian Mineral Waters is the largest and one of the oldest resort regions of the Russian Federation. Over 130 mineral springs and large reserves The silt mud of Lake Tambukan (and Lake Lysogorsk) make the KMS a unique balneological resort. The CMV region is distinguished by picturesque natural landscapes, mountain healing climate and is famous for its sanatorium and resort complex enterprises in Russia.

Caucasian Mineral Waters - the largest and unique resort pearl Russia, which in terms of the composition and quality of its climatic and balneological resources, concentrated in a relatively small area, has no analogues on the Euro-Asian continent. More than 115 health resorts in the region (at the beginning of the 21st century), specializing in the treatment of dozens of various diseases, determine its importance as the main, comprehensive and multidisciplinary health resort of the country. 118 health resorts equipped with the most modern diagnostic and treatment equipment and 26 tourist and hotel complexes of the Caucasian Mineral Waters can accommodate over 40 thousand people at a time. Their main specialization is the provision of medical and health services, treatment with world-famous waters and mineral mud.

The area of ​​the Caucasian Mineral Waters is more than 500 thousand hectares (5.3 thousand sq. km).

By absolute altitudes The territory of the Caucasian Mineral Waters belongs to the middle mountains.

The region is located in the south of the European part of Russia, almost at the same distance from the Black and Caspian Seas, at the junction of the Mineralovodskaya sloping plain and the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus.

The Caucasian Mineral Waters region is located within the junction of the Stavropol Upland and the northern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range. The region is distinguished by its unusualness and variety of relief forms.

The relief of the Caucasian Mineral Waters region begins at the foot of Elbrus, where the Rocky Range with a number of peaks clearly stands out. In the western and southern parts of the KMV, the mountains drop off steeply, in places with sheer ledges to the south (the depth of these cliffs reaches 1000 m), and the long northern slopes are slightly (gently) inclined and merge with the foothill plain.

These are the Pastbishchny and Skalisty ridges. They are divided into a number of river valleys mountain ranges. The Pastishchny ridge within the KavMinVod is cut by Podkumkom into two parts: the western (Borgustan ridge, Darya heights of the Borgustan ridge) rises to 1200-1300 m, and the eastern (Dzhinalsky ridge) has an absolute elevation of the top of the Upper Dzhinal of 1542 m. It stretches south of Pastbishchnoye Rocky Ridge with vertices Big and Small Bermamyt. Big Bermamyt is actually considered the main peak of the plateau. But this is also a visual illusion. The highest point of Bolshoi Bermamyt is 2592 meters, which is actually 50 meters lower than Maly Bermamyt (2643 meters above sea level). It turns out that in fact Maly Bermamyt is the highest point of the ridge and is considered highest point Caucasian Mineral Waters. Maly received its name due to the smaller area it occupies. He is also southern border region of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. From Bermamyt to Elbrus 30 km in a straight line. In the early morning on Bermamyt you can sometimes see the so-called Brocken Ghost.

The Rocky Ridge also includes Bermamyt plateau, Zhatmaz ridge(city Shidzhatmaz (Shatjatmaz) 2127 m) and Kichmalkinskoeplateau(Manglay 2055 m).

On Zhatmaz ridge a high-mountain scientific cluster was formed. Organizations operating in various fields of science are located here:

Kislovodsk mountain astronomical station, founded in 1948;

Roshydromet weather station;

Kislovodsk high-mountain scientific station of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics named after A. M. Obukhov;

Caucasian Mountain Observatory of the SAI MSU;

FSUE Research Center named after. M. V. Keldysh";

Between Zhatmaz ridge And Kichmalkinskyplateau in the picturesque valley of the Khasaut River at an altitude of 1300 m above sea level there is the Narzan Valley, where 20 powerful mineral springs of the Narzan type emerge on the surface over a distance of 1 km.

On the Mineralovodskaya inclined plain, in the northern part of the Caucasian Mineral Waters region, a group of isolated remnant igneous mountains forms the Pyatigorye area. The picturesque laccolithic mountains of Pyatigorye, like structural geological elements, also actively participate in the formation of mineral waters.

There are more than 20 mountains in Pyatigorye, of which 18 are recognized as specially protected landscape natural monuments. Among them, the dominant one is Mount Beshtau (from Turk. Besh -5, tau – mountain). Height 1401 meters above sea level. Located in the central part of Pyatigorye. The diameter of the foot is about 8 km. The mountain gave its name to the surrounding area (Pyatigorye) and the city of Pyatigorsk. To the northwest of it rises Mashuk (993 m). To the north is Mount Zheleznaya (851 m). You can also see several other mountains around. Mount Camel (886 m) resembles a camel with its two humps. Mount Razvalka (928 m), when viewed from the road from Mineralnye Vody, looks like a sleeping lion. Previously, it was called “Sleeping Lion”. The phenomenon of “summer permafrost” is associated with the peculiarities of the geological structure of Razvalka. Mountains-laccoliths Ostraya (881 m), Tupaya (772 m), Byk (817 m), Lysaya (739 m), Sheludivaya (875 m) with their appearance justify these names. The sharp summit ridge of Mount Kinzhal once rose to 507 meters, but when mining the stone, the upper part of the mountain was cut off. Besides, in CMS region, almost next to each other are the mountains Zmeyka (994 m), Yutsa (972 m), Dzhutsa (1189 m), Golden Kurgan (884 m) and Medovaya (721 m).

In the Caucasus there is a known phenomenon when Mountain peaks suddenly turn into clouds.

“They left the village on a clear, bright morning., when at the first sun the wholeRidge, bright white and in blue recesses, stood accessible close, visible in every cut, so close, that an unaccustomed person would remember to drive to him in two hours. He rose so big in the world of small human things, so miraculous in the worldmade. For thousands of years, all the people, as long as they lived, carried here with a solution of hands and piled up in plump heaps everything they had worked or even conceived - they would not have erected such a super-imaginable Ridge.

From the village(Saber) beforestationsthis is how the road led them all the time, that the Ridge was right in front of them, they were going to him, they saw it: snowy expanses, bare rocky ledges and shadows of guessed gorges. But from half an hourby half an hour it began to thaw from below, separated from the earth, no longer standing, and hung in a third of the sky and was swaddled, there were no scars and ribs in him, mountain signs, but seemed like huge united white clouds. Then the clouds are already torn to pieces, no longer distinguishable from pure clouds. Then they were washed away. The ridge has completely disappeared, as ifwas a heavenly vision, and ahead, as on all sides, the sky remains grayish, whitish, gathering heat. So, without changing direction, they drove more than fiftyversts, before noon and after noon, - but the giant mountains in front of them were unprecedented, and nearby rounded hills approached:Camel; Bull; baldSnake; curlyIron…»

A. Solzhenitsyn. « August fourteenth», epic« Red wheel»

Therefore, to enjoy the panoramic view Caucasus Mountains, it is best to go to panoramic viewpoints early in the morning before dark. Contemplation of beauty also heals, which is why landscape therapy (aesthetic therapy) always occupies an important place in the overall treatment package of any resort.

The rivers flowing through the Kavminvod territory originate in the Rocky Range. These are the rivers - Kuma and Podkumok with tributaries Eshkakon, Alikonovka, Berezovka, Bolshoy Essentuchok, Bugunta, Yutsa and other smaller ones. They are shallow and do not provide the area with enough water. The region receives water for domestic, resort and economic needs from Kuban through a special water pipeline. The natural Lysogorsk lakes and Lake Karras are salty.

Medicinal mud is extracted from Lake Tambukan. Silt fine-textured mud contains organic and inorganic acids, gases, and has antiseptic properties. The healing mud of Lake Tambukan also goes to the balneological sanatoriums of Nalchik.

The main wealth of the area is mineral waters. In a relatively small area, about 130 mineral springs of 12 types of complex chemical composition. The total flow of mineral water reaches 12 million liters per day.

Conventionally, the Kislovodskoye, Essentukskoye, Pyatigorskoye, Zheleznovodskoye, Lysogorskoye, Kumagorskoye, Krasno-Vostochnoye and Nagutskoye fields are distinguished.

The origin, formation and properties of mineral waters are associated with the Pyatigorsk laccoliths and the high mountain regions of the North Caucasus, where groundwater is formed. Atmospheric precipitation falling in the mountains penetrates into the rock strata at great depths, mineralize, heat up, become saturated with gases (they are released when molten magma cools in the earth’s crust) and come to the surface through cracks in river valleys.

Along with mineral waters, the resort resources of the KMS make up the favorable climate of the central and southwestern parts of the region, used for climatotherapy. The climate of the KavMinVod region has long been highly valued by balneologists and has been successfully used as a healing factor. The main advantages of the local climate are associated with the large number of sunny days. It is relatively dry here; moist air masses from the Black Sea do not reach here - they are delayed by the Main Caucasus Ridge. The diversity of the relief creates a difference in the climate of the KMS resorts, and is formed under the influence of a number of factors: the difference in the altitude of cities, protection by mountains determines the characteristics of the microclimate. The foothill nature of the area and the proximity of the snowy peaks of the Main Caucasus Range on the one hand, and on the other, the proximity of arid steppes and semi-deserts of the Caspian coast determine the continental climate features of this region.

The KMS resorts have a wind regime favorable for climatic treatment. There are frequent calms here, especially in the Kislovodsk basin in winter (the average annual wind speed in Kislovodsk is 2.4 m/sec).

The air temperature depends on the altitude of the place and the season of the year. The average January temperature in Pyatigorsk is −4.0°C, in Kislovodsk −3.9°. July temperatures are +22° and +19°, respectively.

The amount of precipitation decreases from the mountains to the plains: in Bermamyt - 724 mm, in Kislovodsk - 599 mm, in Pyatigorsk - 472 mm; the least number of them is in Essentuki. More than 85% of all precipitation falls in the form of rain (rain predominates over snowfall in winter). The snow cover is low and unstable, snow falls and melts quickly. In Kislovodsk, snow cover lies continuously for an average of 10 days. More than half of winters pass without any snow cover at all. The greatest cloudiness on the plains is observed in winter; in the mountains (Kislovodsk, Bermamyt, Narzanov Valley), on the contrary, the clearest winter months are. Best time years for recreation and travel in Kavminvody - late summer and autumn. It can be sunny, dry, rich in fruits and bright colors landscapes.

Caucasian Mineral Waters is a famous Russian brand that many generations trust with their health. Our fathers and mothers walked through the resort parks of the KMV; there will probably be an old and funny photograph from Pyatigorsk in my grandmother’s album. The local resorts have preserved an amazing combination of natural beauty and exquisite architecture, the very subtle essence of the Caucasus, which enchanted Lermontov, without tiring of developing and adapting to the demands of the time. There is everything here - from a conveniently located airport to cozy hotels and modern cinemas. And the resort conglomerate’s hospitals not only have not gone out of fashion, but also continue to enjoy wild popularity (look at the prices!) and improve their ability to relieve guests from all over Russia from hundreds of ailments. Welcome to KavMinVody!

Resorts KavMinVod

The resort towns of the KMS are close neighbors, but different in essence. The first to greet guests is Zheleznovodsk. Sometimes it seems that there are more tourists in this small town than locals. Stretched along the only main street, it is clearly divided into resort and residential parts. In the resort, on the side of the Beshtau station, there are famous health resorts, Resort Park and attractions. Residential is no different from ordinary Russian panel-brick cities. It’s worth going here to the market and supermarkets; prices there are lower than in stores near sanatoriums.

The KMV health resorts have at their disposal more than 100 mineral springs and large reserves of healing mud extracted from the Tambukan and Lysogorsk lakes.

Important non-man-made attractions are the immature volcano of Iron Mountain, the Permafrost Grotto of Mount Razvalka, Koltso-Mountain near Kislovodsk, Goryachaya Mountain and Mashuk.

Weather

The diversity of the relief creates noticeable differences in the climate of the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. In Pyatigorsk, summers are warm, winters are moderately mild (a third of winter days include rain, thaws, and fogs) and there are 98 clear days a year. Kislovodsk is famous as a winter climatic resort, the winter there is clear and dry, and the number of sunny days per year is 150. The resort also stands out for its constant atmospheric pressure, which has a beneficial effect on the healing process. The climate of Zheleznovodsk corresponds to the mountain-forest and moderately dry climate of the middle mountains of the Alps. There are 117 clear days a year here. Essentuki is distinguished by contrast - summer is hot and dry, winter is frosty and rainy, the number of clear days a year is 112.

And in Karachay-Cherkessia.

Treatment in Caucasian Mineral Waters

The Caucasian Mineral Waters region is located on the northern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range and occupies an area of ​​about 5.3 thousand square meters. km from the foothills of Elbrus in the south to the city in the north. In these places, hundreds of springs make their way to the surface of the earth, giving people healing mineral waters, which are used for drinking, bathing, inhalation, irrigation and help in the treatment of many diseases.

In addition to the springs, in this region there is Lake Tambukan - a rich deposit of healing mud, used in all resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.

An additional healing factor in all resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters is the local soft microclimate, which forms in valleys protected by mountains from cold winds. Therefore, all resorts in this region are considered not only balneological, but also climatic.

On the slopes of the mountains, according to the recommendations of doctors, special paths have been laid, walking along which has a healing effect not only due to the beautiful landscapes soothing the nerves, but also because of dosed, well-calculated physical activity.

Sights of Caucasian Mineral Waters

You can get acquainted with the architectural monuments of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody at the same time as undergoing treatment, because sanatoriums, mud baths, and pump rooms are located in amazing buildings built in the last and century before last. Noteworthy neoclassical mud bath named after Semashko in Essentuki, neo-Gothic Central drinking gallery And Main Narzan baths in Art Nouveau style in Kislovodsk and much more.

The environs of Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk are associated with the name of M. Yu. Lermontov. In these cities and their surroundings there are many attractions that the writer described in the novel “A Hero of Our Time.” In Kislovodsk it is worth looking at the famous Mount "Ring", in Pyatigorsk - walk to gazebos "Eolian Harp", before Lermontov Grotto, go down to place of duel Lermontov with Martynov and bow first poet's burial place.

The entire region of Caucasian Mineral Waters is filled with natural attractions. From almost any trail you can enjoy uninterrupted views of breathtaking scenery. Local mountains incredibly beautiful: Mashuk near Pyatigorsk, Beshtau and Zheleznaya near Zheleznovodsk and, finally, towering on the horizon, covered with a cap eternal snow Elbrus. Definitely worth a visit Valley of Narzans, where 20 springs gush out of the ground from this healing water.

How to get to Caucasian Mineral Waters

To Caucasian Mineralnye Vody by plane

Airlines fly to the city airport daily from and other cities

Tatiana Solomatina

What attracts tourists to the Caucasian Mineral Waters region?

Good afternoon dear friends!

Today I’m starting a series of articles about wonderful place for recreation and treatment - the Caucasian Mineral Waters region.

In the first publication we will get to know this unique resort a little. I will talk about the location and climate, the cities of this region and natural mineral springs. After reading to the end, you will find out why. a large number of people come here for recreation and treatment regularly, and perhaps you too will have a desire to go to this wonderful place.

The resort is very interesting, I visit it regularly, so a lot of information has accumulated, I am planning a series of articles, the first one is already in front of you, read and share your impressions in the comments, I will be glad to hear from you.

Caucasian Mineral Waters is an excellent choice for recreation and treatment, due to its unique location, mild climate, beautiful surrounding nature and developed infrastructure.

But the most important thing that attracts numerous guests to the region are the healing springs, the water from which is widely and successfully used to treat many diseases. By staying here you will not only relax, but also significantly strengthen your body.

This region is located in Stavropol Territory on the northern slope of the Caucasus Mountains. The resort towns are located close to each other, which allows you to travel around them all and compile general impression about this place.

The natural landscape is very diverse, small hills, densely covered with unique broad-leaved forests, alternate with the steppe part, which in the summer pleases the eye with lush grass and bright wildflowers.

Due to the absence of serious industrial production, the air here is crystal clear and quiet.

Climate

This region has a favorable climate that is well suited for climatotherapy. Spa therapists use it as a healing factor.

It's a moderate winter here. average temperature–4 degrees, comfortable summer – +22 degrees.

Due to the diversity of the terrain, the climate of all cities of Caucasian Mineral Waters differs slightly. This depends on the altitude above sea level, protection by mountains, and proximity to the steppes.

Southern resort – Kislovodsk, the most sunny city KMV, accordingly, the air temperature here is usually several degrees higher than in other cities in the region.

Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk and Essentuki are located slightly lower than Kislovodsk, but they are also warm and have very little precipitation. And small mountains - Mashuk, Beshtau, Zheleznaya - often become a barrier from strong steppe winds.

Main resorts of the CMS

Caucasian Mineral Waters is a fairly large region, I will introduce you to the main resorts, which can safely be classified as Zheleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki and Kislovodsk. You can read more about each of them in separate materials, links to which will be at the end of each description.

Very cozy small town, located at the foot of Mount Zheleznaya. The resort is simply surrounded by greenery, and the magnificent park with centuries-old trees and winding paths is simply conducive to leisurely walks and contemplation beautiful nature around.

The city is well planned and the resort infrastructure is located separately from residential area. Almost all sanatoriums were built within walking distance to natural springs, which is important for resort guests. This is the smallest town in the Caucasian Mineral Waters region, but it is also rich in mineral waters.

The resort specializes in the treatment of the genitourinary system, digestive organs, metabolic disorders and other related diseases.

The main component of treatment is drinking mineral water Slavyanovskaya and Smirnovskaya, the pump rooms of which are located in Resort park. Also widely used in treatment is the silt mud of the Tambukan and Lysogorsk lakes, which is rich in iron, iodine, zinc and silver.

You can find out more about the resort.

Pyatigorsk is big resort town, located just 10 minutes drive from Zheleznovodsk at the foot of Mount Mashuk. The resort fits picturesquely into the mountain landscape, from Mount Mashuk, which can be climbed either by cable car or on foot, this is clearly visible.

There are many health resorts here that successfully treat the musculoskeletal system, joints, and help with gynecological diseases. As in the entire region, the main factor in healing is drinking water therapy, climate therapy, and mud therapy.

I wrote even more information about the resort.

The city is located a 30-minute drive from Mineralnye Vody airport. The resort is quite small, located on the flat part of the Caucasian Mineral Waters region, but also very green.

Here are the well-known springs - “Essentuki”. This mineral water is good for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this is the main direction of treatment in local sanatoriums.

Continue reading about the resort.

Kislovodsk

The most popular resort in the Caucasian Mineral Waters region. Located at an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level in a green valley surrounded by the Caucasus Range.

A very warm, sunny and cozy city, despite the constant abundance of guests, there is no feeling of crowding or crowding here.

A luxurious park, almost 1000 hectares, which was completely created by people just 200 years ago, now occupies a dominant role in the architecture of the city.

About a third of the KMS sanatoriums are located in Kislovodsk. Mineral water "Narzan" helps in the treatment of people suffering from diseases of the digestive tract. Patients who have suffered a heart attack are successfully rehabilitated here. The resort specializes in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

This is interesting

The bulk of guests of the Caucasian Mineral Waters region come here for rehabilitation and treatment. However, these places are rich not only in their therapeutic factors. Of course, there is no sea here, but there is clean air and magnificent mountain scenery that can brighten up anyone’s vacation.

It is not for nothing that many years ago, famous great people loved to come here. A. S. Pushkin visited the KMS twice, M. Yu. Lermontov lived here for a long time and many of his works are dedicated to these places. The list of great people is quite long; they all admired the amazing nature and hospitality of the local population.

Now Caucasian Mineral Waters is a well-developed resort, which is interesting not only in terms of treatment, there is something to see here, many significant historical attractions and amazingly beautiful natural places.

Full tourist information I wrote about the region in the article. Check out another review of the sanatorium.

Perhaps you are having difficulty choosing a resort, write to me by email, I will try to help. Read more about cooperation. If you liked the article, share it with your friends on social networks. Subscribe to blog updates, new readers are always welcome. In the meantime, I say goodbye to you for a moment.

Tatiana Solomatina

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