Streletsky Island in Prague is a nice park with a summer cinema. Streletsky Island in Prague - a nice park with a summer cinema History: shooting ranges and city festivals
The island belonged to the Czech crown, and hops were grown on it back in the 13th century. Charles IV provided the island for the use of the Prague archers, who shot here with bows and crossbows for fun. “Masters of the archery craft” had a privilege, which was confirmed by subsequent rulers after Charles IV.
By the decision of Vladislav Jagiello in 1472, this part of the Prague islands passed to the Old Town, which did not change the custom, and the island was again transferred to the archers. In addition to training, celebrations took place here, which were called “bird shooting”. It is said that a large wooden bird hung on one of the branches as a target. Already the first Habsburg, Ferdinand I, observed demonstration shooting here, and Emperor Franz Joseph I even shot at a target. One way or another, the archers distinguished themselves here many times. The last time was in 1918, when she was born Czech Republic. A country that did not yet have its own troops had to be content with “sharfish soldiers” - in Prague there were 150-170 of them every day.
Under Ferdinand I, life was hard for the “sharfishites”. Since the Prague cities took part in the first class uprising of 1547, part of the punishment, which was generally considerable, was the confiscation and arrest of Streletsky Island. Two years later, the Old Place was returned to the lower one, i.e. the northern half, while the upper half remained in the possession of the Czech crown, which gave it to the Streltsy for use. In 1571, the Streltsy obtained an important confirmation from Emperor Maximilian that they could use the island for their entertainment, which angered Stare Mesto. A hundred-year dispute began, which died down because the cities of Prague united, not to mention the fact that “charfishers” can now be found on the street rather than on the island.
Because Previously, the island was not connected to the shore by a bridge; the Ostrostrzel residents depended on a carrier who transported the proud “sharfishers” back and forth. The prices were, as we would say today, negotiable; the carriers did not want to work in the dark and in windy weather. Various construction changes and material movements were carried out for the most part in winter, when the river was frozen, so the “oar workers” were deprived of this income. Finally, in 1791, the Streltsy started their own ship, which the carriers did not like, and the magistrate forbade the Streltsy from “free sailing.” Only in 1803 did a special tariff for transportation appear. To Streletsky Island, as a smaller land, transportation cost half a kreuzer per person. “For big water” the fellow took a whole kreuzer from the oars. Sometimes the archers froze on the island until nightfall (1828), because the carrier did not transport during thunderstorms and hail. There was nothing left but for the bravest to get to the shore on a fragile boat.
There were problems after the construction of the first chain bridge. The gentlemen archers, who first fired from crossbows, moved on to firearms, and since they were not “sharp-witted” in the full sense of the word, they sometimes endangered those passing on the bridge. In 1853, they were shot as far as Zofin, posing a danger to workers at the Shitkovskaya dam, and sometimes ending up in nearby mills. By decision of the magistrate, “bullet traps” were created to avoid unsuccessful hits.
The Sagittarius received their final refuge after the construction of their own building. Experts examined the area, calculated the risk of accidents and accumulation of ice floes. Then they started building without permission, and the administration stopped construction. Experts said the building would not be stable enough on drift sand. Finally, the two-story house čp 336/I, designed by Josef Zobel, was built. Construction ended in 1812. The events that took place here were reflected on bronze plaques concreted into the walls of the building.
This strip of land in the middle of the Vltava has been the site of important shootings many times. Due to its strategic location, Streletsky Island, in times of danger, more than once became the forward site of city defense. It was the same in 1648, when the archers from there drove out the Swedes, who were trying to penetrate the city under the cover of night darkness. The importance of the island was also great in the 18th century, when Prague became a hotbed of many years of Maria Theresa’s wars. When visiting the Empress, who appreciated their bravery, fireworks were lit here.
Let's go back to modern history. The island went down in history because it was on it that the first May Day was celebrated. In 1890, from 13 to 35 thousand people took part in the celebration, who then marched into the city. The wide variation in estimates of the number of May Day participants is probably due to the fact that not everyone fit on the island. Many watched from the Vltava embankment. There was nowhere for an apple to fall on the island. Demands for an eight-hour workday, freedom of the press and other political rights foreshadowed the first May celebration.
The year 1882 was also significant, when a gymnastic performance of 720 participants was conducted under the direction of Miroslav Tirsch. This event went down in history as the First All-Sokol Rally. Here before this, in 1863, one of the founders of Sokol, J. Fugner, at a general meeting proposed the fraternal Sokol address as “you”. The restaurant, built in 1812 and 30 years later rebuilt to more visitors, important meetings of social democrats took place. On the occasion of the Slavic Congress, a St. Wenceslas Mass was even celebrated. Since ancient times, folk festivities, military and, of course, Streltsy celebrations took place here. The anniversaries of the First of May and the first Sokol rally are immortalized in bronze. Now new rebels are coming here. A long tradition with historical significance was evidenced until recently by a mighty tree, maple or sycamore, on which there was a sign that it was planted by Charles IV himself. The island can be reached from the Legia Bridge.
Another interesting island, Streletsky, is located near Uyezd. It is reached through, which is also known as the Franz Josef Bridge.
Streletsky Island It was first mentioned in the 12th century and was owned by Czech kings for several centuries. In the 13th century, hops were simply grown on it. Only in the 15th century, Władysław Jagiellon handed it over to the Old Town, and later it was owned by the Marksman's Guild. People called him “Strzhelak”.
History: training shooting ranges and city festivals.
At first, shooters were dependent on carriers, and many conflicts arose on this basis. When the shooters built their ship and then the chain bridge, their relations with those around them did not improve. They fired at the bridge, and the bullets could have hit pedestrians.
And only when the house of the archers was built on the island, passions subsided a little.
It was at this time that the island became more popular among the townspeople, and this is due to bird shooting, which was carried out by shooters, archers and crossbowmen in the 16th century.
The townspeople received great pleasure from this spectacle, so they renamed the island from “Little Venice” to “Streletsky”. These holidays are described in Sigmund Winter's novel Master Campanus.
After the uprising of the estates, Prague lost many of its privileges, the island was also taken away and divided between communities, and the use of weapons was prohibited. Despite the fact that the townspeople surrendered their weapons, streltsy societies invariably formed on this island. This probably influenced the fact that at the end of the 18th century, Joseph II again transferred the island to the riflemen, who owned it until the first demonstrations of Prague workers in 1890. The scale of the demonstration was impressive - more than 30 thousand people.
Traditions of Streletsky Island today
It can be boring and fun here. On weekdays the island is sparsely populated; there are few people walking on it local residents These are mainly theatergoers and visitors to the cozy restaurant, which offers a beautiful view of the People's Theater, as well as athletes from the Start sports base. Most Famous Landmark Streletsky Island– a mobile open-air cinema by the Chadik brothers (Joseph and Pavel). Catamarans sail along the Vltava.
On weekends, the Garden Restaurant hosts open-air concerts. At the end of May, the youth festival of Prague - Majoles - is held on Streletsky Island. It has become traditional and annual; students from the city gather to celebrate the completion of their studies. The king and queen of Majoles are chosen annually. One day, Allen Ginsberg, a beatnik from America and a fighter against imperialism, was elected king. He made a speech in which he condemned any dictatorship, for which he was accused of drunkenness and homosexuality and expelled from the country. And this is not surprising, since it was in 1965 - at the very height of the Cold War. An ordinary Czech guy, Frantisek Sedlacek, having become the king of Majoles, was also expelled from the university, but through his own fault.
For some time Majoles was not celebrated, but since 1997 the tradition has been revived again.
On holidays on Streletsky Island folk festivals are held, and this has its own traditions, just like military and streltsy meetings. IN Soviet times May Day was celebrated there, about which commemorative bronze markers were left, and now new rebels are organizing their rallies here under a mighty and ancient maple tree, which had a sign that it was planted by Charles IV himself.
Legia Bridge leading to Streltsy Island
What is good about Prague is that, moving away from hiking trails a hundred meters to the side, you can find empty streets and human prices. Let's go to Streletsky Island (Střelecký ostrov) and see what the city's guests visit in single file in a crowd during a sightseeing walk.
In the summer homeless people live there; by winter they move closer to warm and cozy metro stations. There is also a cozy restaurant overlooking the People's Theater (Národní divadlo) and the catamarans sailing nearby. That's all - these are the only two buildings on Sreletsky Island.
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You can get down to it from the Legií Bridge, and only on one side, farthest from Prague Castle. There are usually few tourists and local residents on the island, I don’t know why, maybe because there are few benches.
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In December, including on the 31st, I saw a lone fisherman on the edge.
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So, right away left hand- one of the buildings of the People's Theater. In general, there are only three of them.
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Immediately, on the right hand you can see the head of the dancing house (Taneční dům), and further - Vyšehrad, a place even more beautiful for walking than Streletsky Island.
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Behind the buildings that house all sorts of bad restaurants, museums and dance floors, you can see the black Bridge Tower (Staroměstská mostecká věž), standing near the Charles Bridge itself (Karlův most).
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If you don’t miss the entrance to it and climb up, you will see a wonderful view of the castle and the bridge itself.
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The Charles Bridge has been under reconstruction since 2005, so you can only photograph it in parts. They promise to finish it by 2010...
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We go around the tail of the island and admire the island of Kampa and the Museum of Modern Art. Funny sculptures are usually displayed next to it, which either did not fit into the building or do not correspond to the composition. Today there is a lonely monk against a background of graffiti. The real graffiti wall can be found further on Kampa - called the John Lennon wall (Lennonova zeď).
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Just behind the island is Petřín Hill. The southern part is enclosed by the Hungry Wall (Hladová zeď). Why is it called that? Go to Wikipedia and read it.
Streletsky Island is located in the very center of Prague, in the middle of the Vltava, and has the shape of a long narrow boat, similar in outline to an Indian pirogue. Its shape, like its area, changed under the influence of the capricious Vltava, even at one time a stream of water flowed through it, and then it began to be called “Little Venice”. In general, people still refer to the island as “Strzhelak”, or in Russian, Streletsky, and in different times it was just an Island, and a Vsegorf, and a Lawn.
The first mention of the island appeared in historical documents back in the 12th century. The island belonged to the Czech royal family, and it was used to grow first-class hops for the royal table. And King Władysław Jagiellon donated the island to the Stary Mesto community in 1472, and the community gave the donated island for the use of a rifle guild. After the shooting festival for a flying bird was successfully held within the island, the city came to the conclusion that such a festival should be held every year, which was done for a long time. Also here on the island, all sorts of competitions for archers, crossbowmen and other representatives of shooting professions were held, as well as exercises and shooting ranges.
After Ferdinand I, as punishment for the uprising of the estates, deprived the city of some privileges, including the right to own weapons, the island also came under repression, and the city lost all rights to it. But, two years later, the island was returned to the city, but the rights to it were divided between the riflemen and the city community. Over time, Streltsy societies changed, feuds and conflicts of all kinds arose around the island, there were many contenders, including monarchs, but the Streltsy managed, despite the difficulties, to keep the island under their control until the 20th century.
The struggle for the island was partly complicated by the fact that it could only be reached by water, and private carriers also acted as one of the parties to the conflicts, or rather, they joined one of the parties. The Sagittarius even tried to get their own ship, but the city community did not allow it.
Due to its location in the very center of the city, which is strategically significant, the island has more than once been involved in military operations, and in many significant events of a non-military nature. So, in 1890, May Day celebrations took place here for the first time in Prague. Nowadays, you can get to the island via the pedestrian part, going down a stone staircase that leads down to the surface of the island. Access, of course, is not very convenient, and even unacceptable for some groups of the population, for example, for mothers with strollers, or for the disabled, or for the elderly. That is, for those who want to breathe fresh river air, moving away from the city smog, it is especially recommended. The city authorities are already puzzled by this problem, and promise to very soon equip the island with the necessary infrastructure, such as toilets, mother and child rooms, comfortable means of access and other necessary components.
In the meantime, more mobile groups of citizens are taking full advantage of the island's advantages. At the end of May, young people arrive en masse on the island to celebrate Majolis, the student carnival. The holiday lasts all night, and its program includes dancing, games, a costume ball, and the election of the king and queen of the holiday. The solemn election ceremony is the final chord of the carnival, and those elected are considered royalty. whole year, until the next carnival.
Also in summer on the island you can visit the cinema on open area, watch films, and on weekends – attend some concert here.
If you are in Prague, walk along the Legia Bridge and go down to the island. It is small, only 2.5 hectares, flat, and there are no bulky buildings on it. Everywhere is green and quiet. There are benches along the alleys along the river bank, inviting you to sit and listen to the river. In summer there are many flowers, warm sun, thick shade from the trees. Autumn paints the trees with different colors, and their crowns compete with each other in the brightness of their foliage. Then it rains bright colors fade, and one day only one color comes into force - white. During the winter, the island freezes in desolation and silence, and waits for spring.
How to get there?
The address of the island is Střelecký ostrov, Praha 1. You can get there by tram - the island is located near the Národní divadlo stop, routes No. 6, 9, 17, 18, 22 are available; 53, 57, 58, 59.
Streletsky Island on the map
Streletsky Island
Rail Europe and by bus. If necessary (for example, to organize a shopping tour), we buy package tours on .
Streletsky Island and Kampa
Not far from Uezd, the Legi Bridge (most Legi?), the former Franz Josef Bridge, renamed in honor of the legionnaires - Czech and Slovak units who fought in the First World War as part of the armies of the Entente countries (including as part of the Russian army) spans the Vltava. The bridge goes over Streletsky Island(St?eleck? ostrov), bearing this name since the 16th century, when Prague snipers began to hone their skills here. In the summer at the cinema open sky Movies are shown every evening and concerts are held on weekends. The school year ends in May with the cheerful Majoles drinking party: costumed students walk in crowds around Prague in the direction of Streletsky Island, where they then choose the king and queen of the holiday. In 1968, Allen Ginsberg was chosen as King of Majoles.
On the way to the next island, you can make a small detour along Rzichni Street (???n?). On one of the houses on its right side there is a silhouette of a memorial plaque dedicated to the Chapek brothers. It is written in chalk: “There was a memorial plaque hanging here, but someone blocked it.” The new board hangs above the entrance to the house, out of reach.
And at the end of the street is the entrance to the next island, Kampa(Kampa). In summer there are a lot of young people playing bowls and badminton or just lying on the grass (for the very young there is an excellent children's playground). The only negative is the lack good restaurant. The four that Kampa has are not so much delicious as they are expensive and snobbish.
The island has been called this way since 1770, and of the many guesses about the origin of the name, the most plausible is that it was named after Tikhon Gansgeb from Kampa, who had a house here. Another version says that the island got its name thanks to the Spaniards, who had a military camp (campa) here.
It is difficult to immediately understand that Kampa is an island. The channel makes it an island Devil(?ertovka) - apparently a canal dug to reduce the destructive power of floods. Its name comes from one evil woman who annoyed everyone around her. Once she ordered a fresco to be painted on the facade of her house, which was supposed to depict seven devils. The artist, apparently, was also very annoyed with her, so instead of seven devils he drew six, implying that the seventh was the mistress of the house herself. The house with devils was on the site of the current N14 Maltese Square.
There are few attractions to see in Kampa. There is a water one Khut mill with a wooden wheel, standing on Chertovka, according to some sources, since 1498, and according to others, even since 1293. The current building is somewhat younger - from the 15th century - and rebuilt in the early Baroque style.
To the right of the mill, on the other side of the Chertovka River, stands Mikhnov Palace(aka Tyrshov House). An ordinary secretary of the Czech Chancellery, Pavel Mikhna made friends with the victors at the White Mountain, thanks to which he made a fabulous profit and built one of the most beautiful Baroque palaces in Prague. However, the wealth was not enough to maintain the palace, and it had to be sold. In 1921, the building was taken over by the sports society Sokol. It is now called after the founder of the society, Miroslav Tyrsh. Now the palace houses the Museum of Physical Education and Sports, as well as a hostel.
In hexagonal Liechtenstein Palace(Lichten?tejnsk?pal?c) on Kampa, the Germans wanted to celebrate the capture of Prague, but a flood prevented it, which flooded Kampa along with the mansion. After the flood, all the awards, archives and weapons were kept here, but the Czechs who occupied it in May 1945 found only three SS men guarding something unclear: the Germans took out everything valuable and burned the rest. During communist times, the palace was turned into a hotel for high-ranking guests. The queens of the Netherlands and Denmark, the Spanish royal couple, the Portuguese president and Elizabeth II and her husband, Prince Philip, stayed here. And in post-communist times, that episode of the film “Mission: Impossible 2”, where Tom Cruise comes to a reception at the American embassy, was filmed in the palace.
Behind the palace begins the territory of the old market, which was closed in the early 1990s, and the resulting square on Kampe(Na Kamp?) was planted with trees. Between N2 and 3 there is a very narrow passage to the Velkoperzhevorsk mill, founded by the Knights Hospitaller in 1400. This is the water mill that can be seen from Charles Bridge. Now a huge – 8 meters in diameter – wooden wheel is spinning idle for the amusement of walkers.
On the square, all the houses are full of names: “At the Blue Fox”, “At the Golden Bunch”, “At the Brown Horse”, “At the White Shoe”, “At the Yellow Rose”, “At the Yellow Scissors” and “At the Golden Lion”. They appeared at the beginning XVII century, but each experienced perestroika in different eras, so the facades look very colorful - from Baroque to New Gothic.
The northern end of Kampa passes under the Charles Bridge, and there is another small bridge over Chertovka. To the left and right of him nestled the so-called Prague Venice– a place where houses face directly onto Chertovka. In the winery under the bridge, a glass of wine costs twice as much as in most other places, but you can sit and stare at the mill wheel.
Around Wallenstein Square
The easiest way to get to Wallenstein Square is by Tomashskaya street(Tom??sk?) from the Church of St. Nicholas. Along the way, it is worth paying attention to the baroque house "At the Golden Deer", so named because of the sculpture of St. Humbert with a deer. The sculpture was sculpted by one of the Brokoffs, and the house itself was built by one of the Dientzenhofers (1725).
Half Wallenstein Square(Vald?tejnsk?n?m?st?) occupies a façade of absolutely incredible size Wallenstein Palace(Vald?tejnsk?pal?c). The great general, commander-in-chief of the imperial army in the Thirty Years' War, Albrecht von Waldstein (1583-1634) built it at the peak of his career, in 1629.
A poor and not very noble nobleman, as a result of a successful marriage, Waldstein first received a huge fortune, and then the friendship of Crown Prince Ferdinand. When Ferdinand became emperor, he appointed Wallenstein as marshal, and he conquered half of Germany for the emperor and received a quarter of the Czech Republic as a reward. The imperial commander-in-chief increased his already enormous wealth in the Thirty Years' War with supplies from his numerous estates for his own army. Envious people, especially the old nobility, who feared an upstart, began to accuse Waldstein of plotting to seize power. Among the conspirators were the Marshal's old comrades, for example, General Jan from Aldringen, who owned the Auersperg Palace on the same square (N1). The emperor readily believed the slander against his old friend, who had risen too high, and first removed Waldstein from command, and then sent assassins to him.
The marshal's property was taken away from the Waldsteins only in May 1945, declaring them collaborators with the Nazis. Now the Senate sits in the palace, but on weekends visitors are allowed inside to look at the art of the 17th-18th centuries. A good half of the paintings depict the Duke himself.
All the other palaces on Wallenstein Square look rather orphaned in comparison with the Ducal Palace. But they hide behind them Ledeburg Gardens(Ledebursk? zahrada), stretching from here to the City itself. You can get there from the square through the courtyard of Ledeburg Palace (along the stairs to the gallery). In fact, these are four gardens - Ledeburgsky, Palfiovsky, Cherninsky and Furstenburgsky. You are allowed into the first three, albeit for money, but you won’t get into the fourth at all: this is the territory of the Polish embassy. The main decoration of the united gardens under Prague Castle is the complex red staircase, built in the 18th century by Palliardi and the sculpture of Hercules below, preserved from the original design of the gardens.
Around the corner from Wallenstein Square there is a narrow, crooked street called U Zlata Studni. Right under the City it leads to a dead end, to house "At the Golden Well"(U Zlat? studn?), whose name it bears. In front of the bas-relief “Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well” above the entrance to the house, John Dee prayed for the secret of the philosopher’s stone to be revealed in Meyrink’s novel “The Angel of the Western Window.” On the well trench the writer saw the inscription: “Deus est spiritus” (“God is spirit”).
VisitWallenstein Palace
Sat-Sun 10.00-16.00.
Free admission.
Ledeburg Gardens
Entrance – 20 K?.
Single ticket to visit all the Castle Gardens – 95 K?, for students – 45 K?, family – 200 K? 9
Wallenstein Gardens(Vald?tejnsk?zahrada) behind the Marshal's Palace was the first park in Prague built according to plan: before that, greenery was huddled wherever possible, without disturbing the landscape. To build the park, 25 houses, 7 gardens and even one tower were demolished. Pineapples, agaves and citrus fruits were grown in greenhouses. Now there is nothing to eat there, except maybe catch one of the incredibly sized carp swimming in the pond. The sculptures in the garden are copies of works by the famous Dutch sculptor Adrian de Vries. During the Thirty Years' War, the originals were taken by the Swedes to Drottningholm, where they are still located.
You can get to the Wallenstein Gardens from the outside Letenskaya street(Letensk?), where the U Svat?ho Tom??e brewery is adjacent to their wall. This is the oldest surviving brewery in Prague, dating back to the 14th century. True, now they no longer brew their own beer here, but sell traditional varieties in an unconventional way. high prices. He bears his name in the neighboring Church of St. Thomas(sv. Tom??), the current appearance of which dates back to its Baroque alteration by Kilian-Ignaz Dientzenhofer (1731). But the sculptures of Saints Augustine and Thomas on the facade are pre-perestroika, from 1686. Letenskaya Street stretches along the entire wall of the Waldenstein Palace right up to the public garden in front of the Malostransk? metro station. There it finally converges with Valdshteinskaya Street, which goes around the marshal's mansion on the other side.
Above the metro on the hill Klarov(Kl?rov) there is a villa that previously belonged to the first chairman of the government of Czechoslovakia, Karl Kramar. He was a great Russophile, he even married a Russian, and inside the villa everything was lined with samovars and other Russian artifacts. Since then, prime ministers have traditionally lived here. By the time the guide went to press, Miloš Zeman was still living in the villa, but, to the delight of many Czechs, when the book went on sale, he would no longer be there (Zeman did not put forward his candidacy for the parliamentary elections that would take place in June 2002) .
If you are not tired of green spaces yet, you can also look into Voyanov Gardens(Vojanovy sady), which stretch on the other side of the metro. It is very quiet there, birds sing, peacocks walk. In autumn, it is not forbidden to collect pockets full of ripe pears and apples. The entrance to the former garden of the Carmelite monastery, laid out in 1670, is from the street at the Lusatian Seminary (U lu?ick?ho semin??e); along it you can then safely return to the Charles Bridge.
Wallenstein Gardens
April-October: Mon-Sun 10.00-18.00.
Free admission.
U Swat?ho Tom??e
Mon-Sun 11.30-0.00.
VisitChurch of St. Thomas only during services:
Mon, Wed 18.00, Sun 10.00, 11.30, 18.00.
Voyanov Gardens
May-September: Mon-Sun 8.00-19.00;
October-April: Mon-Sun 8.00-17.00.
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