Pan American airline. Air Panama airline. Moderate lifestyle

Frankfurt am Main, John F. Kennedy International Airport, Heathrow, Miami, Tokyo And Narita Tagline

"The System of the Flying Clippers" (1946–1953) "World's Most Experienced Airline" (1953–early 1970s) "Pan Am makes the going great" (late 1960s/early 1970s) "Experience makes the difference" (early 1970s) "America"s airline to the world" (late 1970s) "You can"t beat the experience" (1980s) "Die Flügel Berlins" (In German for "Wings of Berlin", 1980s, only in Germany) "Every country has an airline. The World has Pan Am." (late 1980s) "Expect More From Pan Am" (in some TV commercials)

"Say Hello To Pan Am"

Fleet size 226 Headquarters NY Management Russell L. Ray Jr. Website panam.org

Story

Pan American Airways, Incorporated (PAA) was formed as a shell company on March 14, 1927, by Major Henry Arnold, Carl Spaatz, and John H. Jouett to counter the German-owned Colombian carrier SCADTA. SCADTA lobbied for rights to land in the Panama Canal Zone, ostensibly to serve flights to the United States, but the United States viewed this as a possible air threat to the canal from Germany. Arnold and Spaatz were putting together a financial proposal for investors on Pan American when SCADTA hired a Delaware company to obtain mail transportation contracts from the U.S. government. Pan American was able to obtain a contract to fly mail to Cuba, but was unable to find a suitable aircraft or obtain landing rights in Cuba.

On June 2, 1927, Juan Trippe formed the Aviation Corporation of the Americas (ACA), which was backed by a number of influential politicians and financiers, including Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney, and received $250 thousand from the sale of shares. They were able to obtain landing rights in Havana, and acquired American International Airways, a small airline that operated seaplane flights from Key West, Florida, to Havana. ACA was able to meet the deadline and begin transporting mail on October 19, 1927, using a Fairchild FC-2 aircraft chartered from a small company, West Indian Aerial Express, from the Dominican Republic.

Atlantic, Gulf, and Caribbean Airways was founded on October 11, 1927 in New York by banker Richard Hoyt, who became the company's president. On June 23, 1928, this company was merged with PAA and ACA. Richard Hoyt was named president of the new company, Aviation Corporation of the Americas, but Tripp and his partners had 40% of the capital, and they made Whitney president. Tripp became chief operating officer of Pan American Airways, a division of the new company.

The US government approved Pan Am's original mail contract, with the caveat that SCADTA would not compete on flights between Latin America and the US. The government also helped Pan Am isolate itself from American competition by viewing the airline as the "instrument of choice" for international flights. The company developed in international destinations, benefiting from a virtual monopoly on overseas routes.

Tripp and his partners planned to expand the Pan Am network into Central and South America. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Pan Am purchased several small and out-of-market companies and negotiated with postal representatives, obtaining the majority of government mail contracts in the region. In September 1929, Tripp visited with Charles Lindbergh Latin America to negotiate landing rights in several countries, including Colombia and Venezuela. By the end of the year, Pan Am will offer flights along the west coast of South America to Peru. The following year, Pan Am acquired the New York, Rio, and Buenos Aires Line (NYRBA Air Lines), giving it the ability to fly along east coast South America to Buenos Aires, and on west coast to Santiago. The Brazilian division of NYRBA do Brasil was soon renamed Panair do Brasil. In 1929, Pan Am also partnered with Grace Shipping Company to form Pan American-Grace Airways (Panagra) to gain a foothold in South America. That same year Pan Am acquired controlling interest Mexicana de Aviación, taking a route from Texas to Mexico City and extending it to the Yucatan, connecting it to its network in the Caribbean.

The holding company that included Pan Am, Aviation Corporation of the Americas, became very famous after listing its shares on the New York Curb Exchange in 1929; Fluctuations in stock prices and speculation accompanied each opening of a new route. In April 1929, Tripp and his partners reached an agreement with United Aircraft and Transport Corporation (UATC) that Pan Am would handle all routes. south of the border The USA and Mexico City, in exchange for a large block of shares. In 1931, Aviation Corporation of the Americas changed its name to Pan American Airways Corporation.

For many years, Pan Am was essentially the national carrier of the United States, one of the leaders in transatlantic flights. Pan American made a significant contribution to the development of international air travel, acted as the launch customer for such key aircraft types for the development of aviation as the Boeing-707, Boeing-747, and was also one of the first airlines to use computerized ticket reservation systems.

The bankruptcy was caused by a number of gross mistakes and miscalculations by the company's management, who failed to prepare Pan Am for the dramatically changed market conditions after the deregulation law came into force air transport USA 1978. From that moment on, the airline suffered significant losses every year, gradually selling off assets to pay off debts. In 1985, the Asia-Pacific route was sold outright to United Airlines. The 1991 Gulf War led to rising prices for oil and jet fuel, which was fatal for Pan Am, which was in dire financial condition. The commission of inquiry into the explosion of the Pan Am airliner over Lockerbie in 1990 also found that the company was at fault for allowing luggage with a bomb on board in the absence of a passenger. On December 4, 1991, the airline declared bankruptcy.

In 1996 former employees The airlines tried to recreate Pan Am as a low-cost airline by purchasing several Airbus A300 aircraft, but in February 1998 the company filed for bankruptcy again. Despite its low costs, it was unable to compete with major airlines.

In 1998, the railroad company Guilford Transportation Industries (USA) acquired the rights to the Pan Am trademark and for several years carried out charter flights along the east coast of the United States on Boeing 727 aircraft, some of which belonged to the “original” Pan Am. Currently [ When?] air travel has been suspended.

Fleet

State of the company's fleet in March 1990, a year and a half before closure:

Pan Am fleet as of March 1990

Airplane	Are used	Ordered	Passengers				Notes
Airplane	Are used	Ordered	P	TO	E	Total	Notes
Airbus A300-B4	12	-	-	24	230	254
Airbus A310-200	7	-	-	18	207	225
Airbus A310-300	12	-	12	30	154	196
Boeing 727-200	91	9	-	14	131	145	Used aircraft ordered
Boeing 737-200	5	-	-	21	95	116
Boeing 747-100	18	-	39	52	286	377	1989 seat configuration (for South American flights)
Boeing 747-200B	7	-	21	44	347	412	1987 seat configuration
Total	152	9

Aircraft accidents

On December 12, 1968, the Boeing 707-321B airliner crashed in the Caribbean Sea, north of Caracas.
On December 26, 1968, a Boeing 707-321C crashed in Anchorage, killing 3 people.
On January 30, 1974, a Boeing 707-321B crashed in Pago Pago.
On April 22, 1974, the Boeing 707-321C airliner crashed while landing in Denpasar (Bali). 107 people died.
On March 27, 1977, a Boeing 747-121 collided with another KLM Boeing 747 at Los Rodeos Airport (Tenerife). 583 people died. It is the worst disaster in the history of civil aviation.
On July 9, 1982, the Boeing 727-235 airliner crashed in Kenner (USA), killing 153 people, 8 of them on the ground.
On September 5, 1986, a Boeing 747-121 was hijacked at Karachi airport. Of the 380 passengers and crew members on board, 22 died.
On December 21, 1988, a bomb exploded on a Boeing 747-121 flying from London to New York while the plane was over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing 270 people - 243 passengers, 16 crew members and 11 people on the ground.

Airbus A310 in Pan American livery

Notes

Boeing 314

Boeing 314 Clipper is an American long-range passenger seaplane (flying boat). Developed and produced by the Boeing Airplane Company from 1938 to 1941. Operated on transatlantic routes, the main operator was Pan American. Three aircraft were operated by BOAC airlines. A total of twelve aircraft were produced.

InterContinental

InterContinental Hotels and Resorts is an international hotel chain (brand) owned by the British company InterContinental Hotels Group.

The chain operates 181 hotels in 60 countries.

Sikorsky S-38

Sikorsky S-38 (eng. Sikorsky S-38) is an American twin-engine amphibious aircraft (flying boat). Developed and produced by Sikorsky Aircraft. Serial production - from 1928 to 1930. More than a hundred aircraft were produced. The Sikorsky S-38 became the most popular production aircraft of Igor Sikorsky.

Boeing 377 crash in the Pacific Ocean

The Boeing 377 Pacific Crash was an aircraft accident that occurred in the early morning hours of Tuesday, October 16, 1956, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. A Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) Boeing 377-10-26 Stratocruiser with 31 people on board was on an overnight passenger flight from Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, to San Francisco, California, when it first exited midway. one of the propellers came under control, and soon the other engine failed. Unable to reach the coast, the crew began to circle around the nearest meteorological vessel and the approaching US Coast Guard border patrol ship, and at dawn splashed down on the ocean surface, after which all the people on board were rescued.

Among the landings of large passenger aircraft on water (except seaplanes), this is the first known case without casualties.

Bhanot, Neerja

Neerja Bhanot (Hindi नीरजा भनोट; September 7, 1963 – September 5, 1986) was a flight attendant for Pan American World Airways (Mumbai, India) who, while rescuing passengers of Pan Am Flight 73, died at the hands of terrorists who hijacked the plane on September 5 1986 She became the youngest person to be awarded the Ashoka Chakra Order, India's highest award for courage shown in peacetime (awarded posthumously).

Boeing 707 incident over the Atlantic

Incident with Boeing 707 over the Atlantic - aviation incident, which occurred on the night of Tuesday, February 3, 1959, in the sky in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. The Pan American World Airways Boeing 707-121 was on a transatlantic flight when it unexpectedly entered a steep descent and plunged downward, descending to approximately 29,000 feet (8,800 m) before the crew regained control and landed safely on the island of Newfoundland. .

According to available data, this is the first aviation incident in the history of the Boeing 707 (the first incident occurred on August 15 of the same year). This is also the first incident in the history of the American jet civil aviation.

Boeing 377 crash in the Pacific Ocean (1955)

The Boeing 377 Pacific Crash was an aircraft accident that occurred on Saturday, March 26, 1955, in the Pacific Ocean off the Oregon coast. The Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) Boeing 377-10-26 Stratocruiser was on a passenger flight from Portland, Oregon, to Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, when one of its engines separated while flying over the ocean. The crew tried to return, but due to the inability to continue the flight, they made an emergency splashdown on the ocean, and 4 people died during the evacuation process.

Boeing 707 crash in Anchorage

The Anchorage Boeing 707 crash was a plane crash of a Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) Boeing 707-321C that occurred on Thursday, December 26, 1968 near Anchorage (Alaska, USA), killing 3 people.

Boeing 707 crash in Pago Pago

The Boeing 707 crash at Pago Pago is a major aviation accident. passenger plane Boeing 707-321B of Pan American World Airways (Pan Am), which occurred on Wednesday, January 30, 1974, at Pago Pago Airport (Tutuila, American Samoa). The airliner was operating an international passenger flight from Auckland ( New Zealand) to Los Angeles (USA) and made an intermediate landing in Pago Pago (American Samoa). The decline occurred at night amid tropical rainfall and strong winds. The crew did not keep track of the vertical speed, which is why the plane crashed into the jungle a kilometer from the airport and was destroyed. A fire broke out at the crash site, destroying the airliner and killing 97 of the 101 people on board. This is the worst plane crash in history American Samoa.

Boeing 707 crash in Bali

The Bali Boeing 707 crash was an aviation accident involving a Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) Boeing 707-321C passenger aircraft that occurred on Monday, April 22, 1974, on the island of Bali. The airliner was carrying out an international passenger flight Hong Kong (China) - Denpasar (Indonesia) - Sydney (Australia), but when approaching Denpasar airport, it crashed into a mountain and collapsed, killing 107 people. It was the worst air disaster in Indonesia at that time.

Boeing 707 crash in Tahiti

The Tahiti Boeing 707 crash was an aviation accident that occurred on July 22, 1973, off the coast of Tahiti near Papeete, 30 seconds after takeoff of a Pan American World Airways Boeing 707-321B, resulting in the death of 78 people. Worst plane crash in French Polynesia.

Boeing 707 crash near Caracas (1968)

The Boeing 707 crash near Caracas is an aviation accident of a Boeing 707-321B passenger aircraft of the American airline Pan American World Airways (Pan American), which occurred on Thursday, December 12, 1968 in the Caribbean Sea near Caracas (Venezuela), killing 51 people. It was the worst air disaster in Venezuela at the time.

Boeing 727 crash in Kenner

The Kenner Boeing 727 crash was a major aviation accident that occurred on Friday, July 9, 1982, in Kenner. The Pan American airline Boeing 727-235 was operating passenger flight PA759 on the route Miami-New Orleans-Las Vegas, but immediately after taking off from New Orleans it crashed into residential areas of Kenner (a suburb of New Orleans) and was completely destroyed. All 145 people on board (138 passengers and 7 crew members) and 8 people on the ground were killed.

The crash of Flight 759 was one of the worst in US aviation history. biggest plane crash in the history of the state of Louisiana.

DC-4 crash near San Juan

The DC-4 crash near San Juan was a major aviation accident that occurred on Good Friday, April 11, 1952. Atlantic Ocean off the coast of San Juan (Puerto Rico). The Douglas DC-4 passenger plane of Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) was scheduled to fly to New York (USA), when almost immediately after takeoff the crew reported returning to the airport due to engine failure. The controller gave permission for this, but soon another engine on the plane malfunctioned, causing the crew to make a forced splashdown on the ocean surface during strong waves, and a few minutes later the airliner sank, killing 52 passengers.

Metlife-Building

The MetLife Building (English: MetLife Building, until 1981 Pan Am Building) is a skyscraper in the United States, in Manhattan between 44th and 45th streets, Vanderbilt Avenue and DePew Place, New York. It has an octagonal shape and is equipped with a helicopter landing area, which was closed again after an accident with five victims in 1977.

The design of the building was based on an unrealized skyscraper project in Algeria by architect Le Corbusier.

Construction of the building began in 1960 and ended in 1963. The building has 58 floors and is the 11th tallest skyscraper in New York.

Until 1981, the building housed the headquarters of Pan American World Airways. Since 1981, the building was purchased by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and therefore its name changed.

Pan American (TV series)

Pan American is an American drama television series set in the mid-1960s. The series premiered on September 25, 2011 on ABC. The final episode of the first season aired on February 19, 2012. On May 11, 2012, ABC announced that it would not renew the series for a second season.

Rome airport attacks (1973)

The Rome Airport Attacks were a series of terrorist attacks that occurred on Monday 17 December 1973 at Rome's Leonardo da Vinci International Airport (Fiumicino), killing approximately 34 people.

One of the most notable airlines that flew to the Soviet Union was the American Pan Am - the only US airline to fly to the USSR. Back in 1956, the founder and owner of the air empire Pan American World Airways, Juan Trippe, flew to the Soviet Union to negotiate with Aeroflot on the opening of joint flights to Soviet cities. In January 1958, the parties came to an agreement on the basic principles of joint flights, but negotiations were stalled by technical reasons, one of which was English language, the Soviet side did not want English to be used for commercial communication on its territory and whether the crew members should be citizens of the country on whose airline they were flying, these issues were discussed at the negotiations in 1959 between Khrushchev and Eisenhower at Camp David, then at the summit in Paris in 1960 and lasted almost a decade, and only the administration of President Kennedy, in the very first days of its work, undertook to finally complete negotiations with Aeroflot. Within a few months, both sides signed an agreement on direct two-way flights between New York and Moscow, operated jointly by Pan Am and Aeroflot. The Soviet side agreed to multinational crew compositions, but insisted on using exclusively Russian in its airspace. But even with these concessions, the preliminary agreement never provided a model of confidence or implied potential commercial profitability from these flights. Pan Am didn't expect weekly flights to cover its cost, and the fact that it wasn't allowed to carry passengers or cargo beyond its landing point didn't help it expect any profitability. However, Khrushchev and Kennedy finally approved this agreement.

It was especially difficult for Pan Am to obtain Soviet passengers, since all tickets sold in the Soviet Union had to be purchased only from Aeroflot. Only when Aeroflot sold out all tickets for its flights did sales open for flights of other airlines, which happened very rarely. For the sake of filling its planes, Pan Am agreed with Aeroflot to essentially lease its planes to the Soviet Union, which would cover half the costs and seats on Pan Am flights would be sold as freely as on Aeroflot flights. However, the cornerstone was the issue of paying for tickets by Soviet passengers. Soviet citizens could pay for tickets exclusively in rubles, which could not be converted into other currencies. Rubles couldn't even be used to pay Pan Am's expenses in the territory Soviet Union, the country demanded payment in dollars or other hard currencies.

We are recruiting pilots for ANY type of aircraft! I will create any route for any aircraft of your choice! No mandatory flight requirements!

Panama airline Air Panama was founded in Panama City in 1980. The company specializes in organizing regular regional flights throughout Panama, and also maintains one route to Costa Rica.

The company's most important transit hub is Albrook Marcus Gilbert International Airport, which also functions as its home base. Air Panama does not use a single additional hub, as it has successfully geographical position allows it to operate flights to almost all Caribbean islands and coasts.

Air Panama's modern fleet includes at least 20 aircraft of various sizes and passenger capacities, designed to meet all the needs of the segment served. Thus, the company’s model range includes aircraft from such famous brands as Boeing, Britten-Norman, Fokker, Cessna and even Piper. By wisely distributing aircraft between relevant destinations, the company saves great amount funds and derives significant profits from its business.

Service policy

Currently, Air Panama serves no less than 24 regular destinations, including flights to both the islands of the Caribbean archipelago and the American continent. Service in the cabins of used aircraft is carried out in accordance with the classic 2-class system, implying the division of service into business and economy levels. Business class passengers receive a wide range of on-board meals and soft drinks, as well as priority service. Economy class residents receive only a basic set of services.

Baggage rules

In accordance with the company's rules, passengers have the right to carry a limited amount of personal luggage free of charge. Thus, depending on the class, Air Panama customers can take from one to two “pieces” of luggage with a total weight of only 14 kg. Limit weight lifted on board hand luggage should not exceed the 4 kg mark.

The story of the bankruptcy of the legendary airline.

To bookmarks

The name Pan American is etched in the history of the airline industry. The use of weather forecasts and direction finders, computer booking of tickets, hotels for crew and passengers, division into classes on airplanes - all airlines still use this and much more. However, having become a pioneer, the company could not continue to exist in the face of change, and was closed in 1991. The site's observer examined what the brand is famous for and what led to its bankruptcy.

Pan Am's history began with a dream former pilot navy Juan Trippe organize passenger aviation for rich people. With the help of financiers Cornelius Whitney and William Rockefeller, Tripp raised $250,000 in seed capital. The Pan Am plane made its first flight in 1927, however, it carried mail, not passengers, from Florida to Havana.

Juan Tripp

Thanks to the Foreign Air Mail Act, Pan Am had virtually no competitors. According to it, only those airlines that adequately represented the United States in Latin America could transport international mail.

Juan Trippe maintained friendly relations with most countries in the region and often met personally with foreign leaders, thereby guaranteeing support from the American government and a virtual monopoly on international postal transport.

In 1929, Tripp's dream came true - the airline made its first passenger flight from Miami to San Juan. The Pan Am plane covered a distance of 2 thousand miles in 56 hours, including two overnight stops. Soon through merger and acquisition small airlines Pan Am became the flag carrier of the United States.

Pan Am takes off

The 30s of the 20th century became a heyday for the airline. Even the Great Depression played into Pan Am's hands, during which the government introduced economic regulation of monopolies: banks, aviation and other areas.

Thanks to public administration, namely the creation of the Civil Aviation Council, any competition in this area was practically destroyed. The council approved tariffs and routes and assigned them to carriers. No one could enter or leave the aviation market without the Council's permission.

Pan Am management was actively building its reputation. At Tripp’s direction, the airline began to take into account weather forecasts and use direction finders and navigation instruments. The approach to the selection of the flight crew and aircraft maintenance personnel was particularly strict. Thanks to the measures taken, flying became safer, and the Pan Am brand began to be trusted.

In those years, the airline opened intercontinental flights on clippers (named after Clipper - luxury ocean liners in the 19th century), each of which was given a name. The leather jacket and helmet of the postal pilots was replaced by the legendary blue and white uniform, made in typical naval colors.

The flights were long and comfortable - high-quality food, impeccable service, comfortable cabins. The tariff was also at a high level. One of the most expensive was the trans-Asian flight. The cost of a ticket for a flight from San Francisco to Hong Kong in 1937 was $950 one way (in today's terms - about $16 thousand).

The typical dinner for first class passengers consisted of five courses. In the 50s, the airline entered into a food supply agreement with the elite Parisian restaurant Maxim’s.

For passenger transportation, Pan Am ordered six Boeing 314 aircraft. This ship carried out the first transatlantic flight from Baltimore to Lisbon, and later to France and the UK.

In the early 40s, the airline received a batch of Boeing 307 ships, which flew at an altitude of six thousand meters and did not depend on weather conditions. However, they were not used for their intended purpose for long. All fourteen aircraft were transferred to the US Air Force during World War II. But even in those years, Pan Am did not stand still.

Pan Am Innovations

For the first time, a flight engineer became a member of the airline's crew. In addition, the first service for passengers awaiting departure was born. In particular, they were offered a drink - Irish coffee. According to history, coffee with alcohol was first prepared by bartender Joseph Sheridan for Americans waiting for their flight in the airport terminal in Ireland. Satisfied customers asked Sheridan what the drink was called, to which he answered the first thing that came to mind - “Irish coffee.”

The first flight with an American president on board was historic for Pan Am. It happened in 1943 when Franklin D. Roosevelt boarded a plane Boeing airlines 314 to get to the military conference in Casablanca. On the way back, the head of the United States celebrated his 61st birthday on board.

Peaceful time brought an increase in interest in air travel. In response to demand, Pan Am opened more long-haul routes. Thus, in 1946, passengers traveled from Miami to Buenos Aires in 71 hours (after 12 years, the airline managed to reduce it to 25 hours). The prices for such flights were affordable to few, so the idea was born in Juan Trippe’s head to divide the plane into classes like sea liners.

Pan Am became the first international airline, which presented the economy class The Rainbow (“Rainbow”). Customers occupied smaller seats, so the economy rows accommodated more seats. In addition, passengers were provided with more modest service.

The price for an economy class ticket on a flight from New York to Rio de Janeiro in 1949 was $382, instead of $460 for a first class seat. The emergence of economy class has sharply increased the demand for flights.

However, Pan Am continued to offer luxurious treatment to those who were willing to pay. For example, provide sleeping accommodations for a fee. For passengers who preferred to fly lying down, flight attendants served breakfast in bed.

Pan Am Construction Sites

Immediately after the war, the airline founded the Inter Continental hotel chain for Pan Am crew members and passengers. The American government allocated $50 million for the project, and the airline itself invested exactly the same amount. The first hotel appeared in the Brazilian city of Belem. As the route list expanded, so did the number of hotels. Having changed several owners, the network is still operating.

It was not Juan Trippe's habit to stop there. At the end of the 50s of the last century, the airline's management decided to build its own terminal. The legendary round Worldport appeared in JFK airport in New York in 1960.

The terminal contained sixteen boarding gates, restaurants, a bar, and two separate gas stations. The new building, with sliding doors and an automatic baggage system, was a delight among the public. Subsequently, the terminal was expanded several times. After changing several owners, it was demolished in 2013.

Another measure of Pan Am's success was the construction of the skyscraper now known as the Metlife Building in Manhattan. The company occupied 15 of the 59 floors of the octagonal building with its own helipad. Having leased the premises for 25 years, Tripp signed a contract worth more than $100 million. Despite the fact that there were other offices in the skyscraper, the Pan Am name was on the building.

The skyscraper became the last building in New York that was not affected by new building codes prohibiting the placement of logos and names on the facade. In 1981, the building was sold to the insurance company Metlife for $400 million. In 2005, the skyscraper passed into the hands of a new owner for a record $1.72 billion.

Pan Am Innovation

The airline's introduction of computerized ticket booking was revolutionary in the airline business. After much debate with the Civil Aviation Council, the company managed to defend the idea of a “cinema in the air.” For the first time, passengers on board aircraft were offered to watch films for a fee. In 1966, Pan Am carried more than 6.7 million people and had cash reserves of more than $1 billion.

Pan Am ushered in an era jet aircraft, displacing screw ones. The airline became the first buyer of the Boeing 707, increasing its flight range and number seats. The company later became the first operator of the Boeing 747, ordering the aircraft for $525 million.

The company made non-stop flights to Europe and Japan using Boeing 747 aircraft. Pan Am became the first and, until 1979, the only airline to offer direct flights from the United States to the USSR.

Clever marketing created Pan Am's reputation as a luxury airline for a sophisticated audience. First class passengers were given a branded Pan Am bag upon check-in. This fashion accessory could be seen on many celebrities: from actress Judy Garland to President John F. Kennedy.

In his article, the writer talked about how he felt safe flying with a Pan Am pilot. In addition, Hemingway noted that the airline, like him, has extensive travel experience. This became Pan Am's slogan - "The Most Experienced Airline in the World."

There, in the terminal, a press conference of musicians was held against the backdrop of airline banners. This was good PR for Pan Am in Europe.

Sunset Pan Am

The beginning of Pan Am's troubles was the oil crisis of 1973. OAPEC member countries, as well as Egypt and Syria, stopped supplying oil to countries Western Europe, USA and Japan as a retaliation for their support for Israel during the war. Over the next year, oil prices per barrel quadrupled. Pan Am's losses by 1976 amounted to $364 million, and its debt grew to $1 billion.

Subsequent events, according to the editor-in-chief of Aviatransport Review Alexei Sinitsky, did not leave Pan Am a single chance to stay in business.

A fundamental change in the US air transportation market - still the largest in the world - occurred in 1978, when the Deregulation Act was adopted, as a result of which government regulation of the industry ceased.
As a result, US airlines moved from a monopoly environment to a market environment, and real competition began. This led to steep fare cuts, which was good for passengers but bad for airlines. Pan Am, performing virtually only international flights, had a distributed management structure and high overhead costs.
Overall, the airline has failed to adapt to competition. An attempt in 1980 to balance international network domestic routes through the acquisition of National Airlines for $437 million was not very successful. Revenues increased by 62%, but fuel costs increased by 157% and other expenses by 74%.

Alexey Sinitsky
In the second half of the 80s, the company's management abandoned the attempt to switch to fundamentally new Airbus A320 aircraft; the order was placed but subsequently cancelled. Even switching to the Boeing 737-300 aircraft that were common at that time would have put the company in significantly more positive conditions.
The hourly fuel consumption of the 737-300 is approximately 2.5 tons of kerosene, while the 727-200 is 3.95 tons of kerosene. Sharp increase in fuel prices and decrease international transport because of the war in Persian Gulf led to the bankruptcy of the company.

Alexey Sinitsky

The airline's management tried to save the brand - it cut employees, got rid of part of the aircraft fleet and office space in a skyscraper in Manhattan. A hotel chain was sold for $500 million. United Airlines bought the entire Asia-Pacific route for $750 million. However, these measures did not save Pan Am.

In January 1991, the company declared bankruptcy. The remaining profitable assets were purchased by Delta Airlines. The Worldport terminal at JFK Airport was purchased for $416 million. Delta also invested $100 million, becoming the owner of 45% of the reorganized but smaller Pan Am company, which served Caribbean, Central and South America.

During the year, Delta tried to save Pan Am, but losses of $3 million per day and pessimistic forecasts finally put an end to the brand. Last flight the legendary airline flew from Barbados to Miami. After which thousands of people were left without work. Pan Am became the third major American airline to close in 1991, following Eastern Air Lines and Midway Airlines.

Later, several attempts were made to revive the legendary brand. In 1998, the Guilford rail system acquired the rights to the Pan Am name, logo and colors, which it has used since 2006.

Having stopped flying, the airline remains popular. In 2002, Pan Am appeared in the film Catch Me If You Can, where in one episode flight attendants in the typical blue uniform accompanied Leonardo DiCaprio's character.

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pan american world airways, pan american world airways images of a great airline
1927

Termination of activities Fleet size Headquarters

New York, USA

Management

Russell L. Ray Jr.

Website

Or Pan Am- one of largest airlines in US history. Founded in 1927 as Pan American Airways, it ceased to exist in 1991.

The first flight is Key West-Havana. For many years, Pan Am was essentially the national carrier of the United States, one of the leaders in transatlantic flights. Pan American made a significant contribution to the development of international air travel, acted as the launch customer for such key aircraft types for the development of aviation as the Boeing-707, Boeing-747, and was also one of the first airlines to use computerized ticket reservation systems.

The bankruptcy was caused by a series of blunders and miscalculations by the company's management, who failed to prepare Pan Am for the dramatically changed market conditions after the entry into force of the US Air Transport Deregulation Act of 1978. From that moment on, the airline suffered significant losses every year, gradually selling off assets to pay off debts. In 1985, the Asia-Pacific route was completely sold to United Airlines. The 1991 Gulf War led to rising prices for oil and jet fuel, which was fatal for Pan Am, which was in dire financial condition. On December 4, 1991, the airline declared bankruptcy.

In 1996, former airline employees attempted to recreate Pan Am as a low-cost carrier by purchasing several Airbus A300 aircraft, but the company filed for bankruptcy again in February 1998. Despite its low costs, it was unable to compete with major airlines.

In 1998, the railroad company Guilford Transportation Industries (USA) acquired the rights to the Pan Am trademark and for several years operated charter flights along the US east coast using Boeing 727 aircraft, some of which were owned by the "original" Pan Am. Air travel is currently suspended.

1 Interesting facts
2 Fleet
3 Aircraft accidents
4 Notes

Airbus A310 in Pan American livery

All Pan Am aircraft had their own names containing the word "Clipper" ("Clipper America", "Clipper Spark of the Wave", "Clipper Water Witch", etc.). Names included "Clipper Moscow Express" and "Clipper Pride of the Sea".
After bankruptcy, many Pan Am flights were transferred to Delta Air Lines.
Terminal 3 international airport Kennedy (New York) was built by Pan Am. At the time of bankruptcy, it was sold to Delta Air Lines.
In the game Transport Giant, passenger Boeing 707s have the Pan Am livery by default.
In 2011, a series called “Pan Am” was released with Christina Ricci in the title role.
In the feature film Catch Me If You Can main character begins his machinations by posing as an employee of Pan Am.
At the beginning of the film The Inquiry of Pilot Pirx, robots are transported from the manufacturing plant to their destination on a Pan Am plane.
Pan Am was the first (and until 1979 the only) American airline to operate scheduled flights to the USSR.
In 1978, a plan was developed for the joint operation of the New York - Moscow line by PanAm and Aeroflot aircraft. For this purpose it was supposed to use Boeing 747 aircraft with a combined livery.
In the film 2001: A Space Odyssey, the shuttle that takes the main character to the space station is owned by Pan Am.
In 1946, the company founded the InterContinental hotel chain, originally intended to accommodate crew members and passengers of the company's liners. The chain was sold in 1981.

Fleet

The company's fleet in last days existence.

Aircraft accidents

Main article: Los Rodeos plane crash on March 27, 1977

Main article: Boeing 747 explosion over Lockerbie on December 21, 1988

Notes

Boeing 747 Aeroflot - Real aviation - Photo albums - Aeroflot-Nord Virtual airline

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