The city of Lincoln in England: its history and local attractions. Open left menu Lincoln City of Lincoln UK

Rising high into the sky from the top of a steep hill, the triple towers of the mighty Lincoln Cathedral are visible for miles from the surrounding farmland. This prominent site was first fortified by the Celts, who named their settlement Lindon, "hill fort by the lake", referring to the pools formed by the River Witham in the marshy ground below. In 47 AD, the Romans occupied Lindon and built a fortified city, which later became Colonia Lindum, one of the four regional capitals of Rome.

Today only fragments of the Roman city remain, most of them the ruins of the 3rd-century city wall, but these too have been replaced by memories of Lincoln's golden age, which began during the reign of William the Conqueror with the construction of the castle and cathedral. Lincoln flourished primarily as a Norman military base, and then as a center for the wool trade with Flanders until 1369, when the wool market was moved to the neighboring one. It took another five hundred years before it came to life again, restoration based on the production of agricultural machinery and drainage equipment for the neighboring Fenlands.

As the city spread south in the 19th century, down the hill, and along the old Roman road, Fosse Way, Lincoln became a place with clear class boundaries: the area of ​​"Uphill", "at the top of the hill", spreading north of the cathedral, became synonymous with the respectable middle class, and Downhill, "down the hill", with the proletariat. This distinction persists - local appliance and furniture retailers still put "Uphill" in quotation marks to indicate best quality goods.

Both Lincoln Station, on St Mary's Street, and the bus station near Melville Street are located in Downhill, in the city centre. From both you can walk to the cathedral (15 minutes) or you can take Walk and Ride buses (Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.00; Sunday noon - 17.00; 3 times an hour, £1 one way, £2.5 per ticket for all day). The nearest bus stop and train station is on the High Street, on the corner of Silver Street.

There are two travel agencies(Monday-Thursday 9.30-17.30; Friday 9.30-17.00; Saturday 10.00-17.00), one on the corner of Cornhill and High Street, the other at 9 Castle Hill, between the cathedral and the castle (also open on Sundays 10.00-17.00) . Both can book a hotel room and a guided tour of the city in advance for you. Lincoln has a good choice hotels and Bed and Breakfasts with competitive prices. Best place– “Uphill”, there you will find all the places listed below, except for the youth hostel.

  • Accommodation in Lincoln

1). Carline Guest House– One of the best Bed and Breakfast in the city. Clean and tidy Edwardian house about ten minutes' walk from the cathedral - walk down Drewry Lane from the front of the castle, still in the same direction. The breakfasts are first class, the rooms are cozy and tastefully decorated. Credit cards not accepted. Location: 1-3 Carline Road;

2). Edward King House– This Bed and Breakfast is different from the others, it is located directly below the cathedral in the former seat of the Bishops of Lincoln. Some rooms offer charming views of the Bishop's Palace. Location: The Old Palace, Minster Yard;

3). Hillcrest Hotel– A traditional English hotel in a large red brick house that was originally a Victorian vicarage. Sixteen comfortable rooms with all amenities plus a large garden on the slope. About a ten minute walk from the cathedral. Location: 15 Lindum Terrace;

4). Saint Clements Lodge– Set in a lively, modern building within easy walking distance of the cathedral, this is a comfortable and very welcoming Bed and Breakfast. Homemade breakfasts - excellent haddock (or cod) and smoked salmon. Credit cards are not accepted. Location: 21 Langworth Gate;

5). White Hart establishment“An old inn for coachmen, with charming living rooms, with secluded corners and places. The rooms are quite ordinary, but quite comfortable, many overlooking the cathedral. Superb location in Uphill. Weekend deals may lower prices. Location: Bailgate.

Lincoln sights

For the visitor, almost everything interesting is concentrated in the “Uphill” part of the city, grouped around the Cathedral and Lincoln Castle.

  • Lincoln Cathedral

Not a hill at all, charming Castle Hill is a wide, short, cobbled street that connects the castle and the cathedral. Its eastern part is marked by the arches of the medieval Exchequer, behind which rises the proud western facade of Lincoln Cathedral (May-September Monday-Friday 7.15-20.00, Saturday and Sunday 7.15.00-18.00; October-April Monday-Saturday 7.15.00-18.00; Sunday 15.00-17.00; access limited during services; £4, including guided tour), a real mountain cliff with blind arcades filled with decorative carvings. Most striking is an extraordinary band of 12th-century carved panels depicting scenes with biblical themes, which were inspired by the same frieze in Modena Cathedral in .

However, the apparent uniformity of the western facade is deceptive, and closer inspection reveals two phases of construction - the small stones and thick layers of mortar of most of the façade belong to the original church, completed in 1092, while the longer stones and thinner layers of mortar date from the beginning of XIII century. These were strengthening works because in 1185 an earthquake brought down many of the Norman churches, which were rebuilt under the patronage of Bishop Hugh of Avalon, who was responsible for most today's cathedral, with the notable exception of the central tower XIV centuries.

The cavernous interior is an elegant example of early English architecture with nave columns following the same general plan but slightly different: bands of dark Parbeck marble contrast with the grainy oolitic limestone underlying building material. If you look behind the nave from under the central tower you can see a large medieval kink in the roof: Bishop Hugh's roof is not in line with the earlier west elevation and the point where all the irregular angles meet.

Other differences can be noticed - the columns have bases of different heights, there are ten windows on the north side of the nave and nine on the south side, but these are arbitrary features reflecting the medieval aversion to the vanity of symmetry. Another striking feature of medieval art is the use of pre-Christian images, especially in the upper part of the nave, where there are demons and gargoyles that protrude from the foliage.

Behind the crucifix you will see Saint Hugh's Choir, his 14th-century monastic refectory, which contains eccentric carvings of scenes from the lives of Alexander the Great and King Arthur, mixed with biblical characters and folklore. Next is the open Angel Choir, completed in 1280. It contains stone tombstones, and its roof is decorated with dozens of exquisitely carved figurines, including a small Lincoln "Imp". Finally, a corridor from the north wing of the choir leads to the timber-roofed galleries and polygonal chapter house where Edward I and Edward II held meetings that prefigured the English Parliament.

  • Bishop's Palace in Lincoln

The ruins of what was in its day the city's most impressive building are hidden behind a gated wall, immediately south of the cathedral in Minster Yard. The medieval Bishop's Palace (April-October daily 10am-5pm; November-March Mondays and Thursdays-Sundays 10am-4pm; £3.60) used to consist of two huge halls, a stunning chapel, kitchens and luxurious private rooms, but Today the best preserved site is the broken and ruined Alnwick Tower, where the entrance is located.

The damage was caused during the civil war, when the Redneck regiments occupied the palace and remained there until they themselves were forced to leave the place after a hurricane of fire. However, the ruins are quite well preserved and offer wonderful views of the surrounding fields. The adjoining gardens are immaculate and end in a raised terrace containing one of the northernmost vineyards in Europe.

  • Lincoln Castle

From the cathedral's west front it is a short walk across Castle Hill to Lincoln Castle (April-September Monday-Saturday 9.30-17.30; Sunday 11.00-17.30; October-March Monday-Saturday 9.30-16.00; £3.90). Untouched and forbidden, protected, the castle walls include fragments and pieces from the 12th to the 19th centuries, passing through the wall provides stunning views of the city. The earliest remains are Lucy Tower, built on a steep grassy hill to the left of the main entrance, and originally the site of Norman Grove. The castle was turned into a prison in the 1820s.

Some of the captives were buried unceremoniously here, inside the city wall, on the top of the hill - a sad and lonely place, if there was anything there, especially since the graves could only be marked with the initials of the captives. The castle wall borders a wide central courtyard, part of which is occupied by the old prison, an austere red brick building containing one of the four surviving copies of the Magna Carta, as well as a truly remarkable prison chapel. In it, prisoners were placed in cubic pens with high walls, from which they could see the priest and his pulpit, but not their fellows.

The approach to chapel visits was the same: prisoners were in constant isolation at all times, and had to wear masks if they went into the yard for exercise. This system was based on a pseudoscientific theory that believed crime was a contagious disease, but unfortunately for the theorists, their so-called Pentonville system of "Separation and Silence", which was introduced in 1846, made so many prisoners insane that it was abandoned through thirty years. Since then, no one has thought to dismantle the chapel.

  • Rest of Lincoln

The rest of Lincoln's Uphill is dotted with historical remains, such as several pieces of Roman wall, the most remarkable of which is the 2nd century Newport Arch, which spans widely over the Bailgate, which used to be the main northern gateway to the city. There is also a collection of medieval stone houses, the most notable on and around Steep Hill, where it slopes down from the cathedral towards the city centre. In particular, pay attention to the carefully restored Jew's House, which recalls Jewish community, which flourished in medieval Lincoln. A rare and fine example of domestic Norman architecture, it is now home to Jew's House Restaurant.

Spanning Daingate beneath the Bishop's Palace, The Collection (daily 10am-5pm; free) occupies two buildings - a stunning modern structure built to house the city's extensive collection of archaeological objects, from prehistory to the present day, and beautiful building 1920s, also known as the Usher Gallery, housing mainly contemporary works fine arts. The art collection includes some fascinating images of the cathedral and its surroundings, the best by William Logsdale (1859-1944) and Lowry's view of Lincoln.

The gallery also has an eclectic collection of coins, porcelain and various wristwatches. The 17th-century objects were donated to the gallery by its benefactor, James Ward Ussher, a local jeweler and watchmaker who made a fortune from Lincoln's "imp" by telling the legend for the first time in the 1880s and subsequently selling small images and souvenirs in such quantities and with such success that the imp became a symbol of the city. In his story, a pair of little imps hopped around a cathedral until one of them turned to stone to try to communicate with the angels carved on the roof of the "choir of angels." His friend hastily retreated on the back of the witch, but the wind is believed to have lurked in the cathedral, awaiting their return.

Food and drink in Lincoln

Lincoln's cafes and restaurants are a mixed bag. But there are a couple of great places in the immediate vicinity of the cathedral. Your first stop might be Browns Pie Shop a few yards from the cathedral at 33 Steep Hall.

This is not a shop that sells pies at all, but an excellent restaurant. Its creative menu emphasizes British ingredients. A hot meal will cost you around £12. The second place worth recommending is the cozy but expensive Jew's House restaurant, located right at the foot of Steep Hill, at 15 Be Straight.

As for pubs, there are a couple of pleasant and traditional local establishments near the cathedral - the Bull and Chain, located on Langworthgate, and the Morning Star, near Greetwellgate. The former has its own garden, and the latter offers real ales. If you want to find a more lively area, go to Bailgate.

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Welcome to the United States of America!

General information:

Full title: Lincoln
State:
Year of foundation: 1856
Population (with surrounding area): 300 thousand people
Square: 195 sq. km.

The city of Lincoln is located in the north-central United States and serves as the county seat and capital of Lancaster County. It is inhabited by more than two hundred twenty-five thousand people. Lincoln has the second largest population in the state.

Photos of the city of Lincoln

In one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, a settlement called Lancaster arose on the site of the modern city, which became the capital of the district of the same name three years later. After Nebraska joined the United States on March 1, 1867, the city was renamed Lincoln and became the capital of the state.

The University of Nebraska is located on the territory of Lincoln, which became the founder of several large museums, including the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery, a large collection of sculpture, the Museum of Natural History and concert hall. The largest library in Nebraska is the library of this university. The University of Nebraska was founded in one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine. Nowadays, about thirty thousand students study there.

The city is surrounded on all sides by agricultural land. In principle, Lincoln boasts both typically urban landscapes and rural views. On the one hand, these places contain all the advantages large city. On the other hand, there are practically no such problems in Lincoln major cities, like air pollution, traffic jams or crime.

The city fully retains the charm and friendliness inherent in this province since ancient times. There are many parks, squares and other places where citizens can relax a little. The United States' only unicameral legislature meets in the Capitol Building, which serves as one of America's four skyscraper capitols.

The city received its name in honor. A large number of settlers began to move here after the federal and state governments began distributing free plots of land in the area and the construction of the Union Pacific and Burlington railroads. The city's population grew markedly due to government land policies and an influx of immigrants who moved west along the Mormon and Oregon roads. Lincoln gradually developed into an important political, cultural and educational center.

Lincoln from A to Z: map, hotels, attractions, restaurants, entertainment. Shopping, shops. Photos, videos and reviews about Lincoln.

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Lincoln - picturesque city in the east of England, administrative center Lincolnshire, located on the high banks of the River Witham. In ancient times, on the site of the modern city there was a fortification of the 9th Roman legion. In 71, the colony of Lindum was established here, the center of the province of Flavia, which was inhabited by retired soldiers. Since then, the arch built by the Romans, through which cars enter the city, has been preserved. In addition, during excavations, archaeologists discovered ancient cemeteries, baths, ovens and even a fountain here.

Another notable attraction appeared here during the time of William the Conqueror. He was the first to notice the elevated location of the city and, to ensure control over the surrounding area, ordered the construction of Lincoln Castle here.

The Tourist Information Center can be found at 9 Castle Hill, Lincoln.

How to get to Lincoln

Lincoln is close to three airports: Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield in Yorkshire, which has direct trains; Humberside Airport, which is located near the village of Barnetby (direct trains to Lincoln are also available) and East Midlands Airport at Castle Donington.

Search for flights to South Yorkshire (closest airport to Lincoln)

By bus or train

National Express operates daily buses from London (from 5 GBP, 5 hours) and Birmingham (17 GBP, 3 hours 25 minutes). In addition, trains run from Boston (14 GBP, 1.5 hours, departure every hour) and Cambridge (30 GBP, 2.5 hours). Prices on the page are as of November 2018.

Activities and attractions in Lincoln

The Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln was erected in 1092 for the Bishop of Dorchester. This structure suffered from fires more than once, and in 1185 it completely collapsed due to an earthquake. In the 13th century, a new cathedral- standard English gothic architecture and the first building to exceed the height of the Cheops pyramid. Simultaneously with the cathedral, a chapter house was erected in the mid-13th century - the oldest example of such buildings in Great Britain. The Cathedral Library is famous for its collection of medieval manuscripts.

Lincoln Castle

A must-visit is Lincoln Castle, with its prison museum and observatory tower, which offers stunning views of the city and surrounding area. Opening hours: May-August 10:00-18:00, April and September 10:00-17:00, October-March 10:00-16:00. Entry: 13.50 GBP, discount ticket: 11 GBP, child ticket: 7.2 GBP, family ticket: 34.2 GBP, child under 5 years old: free.

Popular hotels in Lincoln

Central England - Midlands

  • Where to stay: In many different hotels in Birmingham - it is always noisy and fun, or in the “Queen of the Midlands” and the fiefdom of Robin Hood, ancient Nottingham. Fans of solitude and picturesque landscapes are invited to Lincoln, and those who are crazy about a mixture of cultures will undoubtedly like Leicester. Shrewsbury - quiet town carefully preserved medieval architecture. Derby is definitely worth a stop for ale lovers and those interested in the history of industry - there are a whole bunch of old factories here.
  • What to see: Cathedrals, museums and botanical gardens

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Lincoln located in the eastern part, along the banks of the River Witham. He is small town, area 36 sq. km with a population of just over 80,000 people. Two millennia ago, these places were the military fortification of the legendary IX Roman Legion, and in the Middle Ages Lincoln was part of the territory called Danelaw, formed during the Viking Age. During the reign of William the Conqueror, the city served as an important trading center in the east of the country, and was also famous for its coinage and its crafts. Then the great monarch ordered to build a castle here, on one of the hills, and surround it with a fortress wall. In those fierce years, when wars for the conquest of territories were fought throughout Europe, William's defensive structure was of enormous importance for the security of these lands.

Today, the administrative center of Lincolnshire plays an important cultural and economic role in modern life. There are many unique historical attractions, monuments, museums, cultural and educational institutions. The abundance of parks and green spaces is also an integral feature of urban landscapes, which have an extremely attractive appearance, and characterizing the current image of the ancient city.

One of its central objects that attracts the close attention of numerous tourists is Lincoln Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, built in 1311 in a distinctly Gothic style, although the first structure was born about two centuries earlier, it was completely destroyed by an earthquake. For a long time the temple was the most tall building in the world thanks to the 160-meter central spire that towered over the city. However, in 1549 it collapsed, and the cathedral changed its appearance somewhat. However, it is still one of the largest shrines in Great Britain, and its Gothic architectural contours are clearly visible from any area of ​​the city. The main historical asset of the cathedral is a collection of unique medieval manuscripts and literary works, including several thousand volumes belonging to the famous English mathematician and architect of the 17th - 18th centuries, Christopher Wren, who took a direct part in the construction of the cathedral library. The temple is also well known in the world for its organists, among whom the famous British musician of the Middle Ages, William Bird, who lived a century earlier than Christopher Wren, stands out. Today, Lincoln Cathedral of the Virgin Mary is visited annually by tens of thousands of pilgrims from all over and it is undoubtedly the main religious building in the entire county of Lincolnshire.

Traditionally, the ancient Lincoln Castle, built during the era of William the Conqueror. In its interior there is a museum-prison, where you can see in what conditions the prisoners of the castle were kept and how harsh the laws of the Middle Ages were. In order to admire the surroundings of Lincoln and admire the picturesque landscapes of the region, you should climb the stairs to observation deck observatory tower, which is open to visitors throughout the year at different times. Fans of historical artifacts should visit the Asher Gallery, located in the museum under the specific name “Collection”. There are hundreds of thousands of artifacts on display there, dating back to Lincoln's various eras, from the Roman era to the present day. The museum's halls are replenished monthly, so interest in it does not fade. Ideal place for walks it seems nature reserve Visby with its beautiful alleys, broad-leaved green trees and neatly trimmed lawns. Besides, great place considered for relaxation from the bustle of the city Hartsholme Park. For those who prefer a more lively pastime, we recommend Cadwell Park, as well as areas adjacent to Waddington and Scampton airfields. The main shopping centers and all kinds of shops.

Lincoln is divided into Upper and Lower Towns. The upper one stretches along the slopes of the Lincoln Range and has major architectural attractions, including Lincoln Castle, the Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, the Bishop's Palace and other historical sites. The lower city is mainly represented by residential areas and numerous shopping and entertainment establishments. At the same time, real estate and the cost of hotel accommodation Upper Town noticeably higher than in Nizhny, which is due to its high cultural significance and noticeable tourist activity. Like everywhere else, it works in Lincoln great amount pubs, restaurants, cafes and snack bars, where much attention is paid to traditional English cuisine and all kinds of drinks, including beer and wines of various types. To move around the city, it is better to use a bicycle or public transport, because the local streets are not very convenient for cars.

The region is dominated by a mild temperate climate, with abundant rainfall and unstable air temperatures. In winter, the thermometer usually fluctuates from +3 to - +5, but there are often sudden changes accompanied by showers and strong winds. During the period from May to September, the air temperature is more stable and is characterized by average temperature+19 – +22. In addition, during this time period there are many more sunny days, and although there are rains, they are not as long as at any other time of the year. has big amount small provincial towns, each of which is unique in its own way. Among them is Lincoln, which has a lot of advantages and has an inimitable, typically English charm, so loved by its guests who regularly visit the banks of the River Witham.

Lincoln is a city in the UK, in East Anglia. Population 80.5 thousand people (2004).

Founded in the 1st century. BC e. by Roman legionnaires on the site of the ancient settlement of Lindon (Roman soldiers changed this name to Lindum, later to Lindum Colonia, from which the name Lincoln came). Around 500, the settlement became part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Lindsay. Around 850, the Vikings (Danes) who invaded Britain turned Lincoln into one of the five main strongholds of their dominion. In 1068, William the Conqueror founded a fortress here, and four years later - a cathedral; these buildings gave rise to modern city. In 1185 Lincoln was seriously damaged by an earthquake. By the beginning of the 14th century. Thanks to the wool trade, the city reached its peak. But the bubonic plague epidemic that broke out in the middle of the century doomed Lincoln to a long period of decline, and the wool trade migrated to Boston. The decline intensified even more after Civil wars 1642-1648

During the Industrial Revolution at the beginning of the 19th century. The industrial and engineering-construction industries began to actively develop. Economic prosperity was facilitated by railway(1868). In 1915, agricultural engineers from the William Foster and Sons company created the first ever battle tank, which was a combination of an artillery piece and a crawler tractor. In 1996 a new university opened in Lincoln.

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