Indianapolis population. A unique Indianapolis or "big village" of Indy where you want to live. Hotel prices and shopping
Indianapolis is one of the largest industrial and economic centers in the US Midwest, ranking third in size after Chicago and Detroit. This is the capital of the state of Indiana.
Interesting places to see in Indianapolis
Since the city has a lot of museums and architectural attractions, excursion program very extensive. The Indiana State Capitol is one of the main monuments, which is a building in the Renaissance style. The Capitol is open to the public and its territory can be entered completely freely.
Another object that tourists are sure to be introduced to is the Scottish Rite Cathedral, where concert and exhibition halls are located.
Those interested in the history of American Indians will be interested in visiting the Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art.
Indianapolis honors the memory of Americans who died in various wars. In this regard, very interesting is the one built in late XIX century, a memorial to soldiers and sailors, striking in its size. Interesting fact: There was a law in the city that all other buildings could not exceed the height of the memorial. This rule was broken only in 1962.
The American Legion National Headquarters houses a Museum displaying interesting artifacts from the two World Wars. And The War Memorial Plaza was erected in memory of all the soldiers who participated in wars from the founding of the United States to the present day.
Restaurants and cafes in Indianapolis
There are no problems with food in the city. There is a real abundance of snack bars, bars, cafes, bistros and restaurants, which represent cuisines from literally all over the world. You can get a quick and inexpensive snack in numerous pizzerias and fast food establishments.
Restaurants are very popular in Indianapolis national cuisine, where the menu includes such famous dishes as rare roast beef, charcoal steak, stuffed turkey, baked potatoes, corn casserole and Waldorf salad with celery and apples. Has a very noticeable impact Italian Cuisine, which is why fried ravioli, covered pizza, etc. are common in Indianapolis.
Local desserts will not leave anyone with a sweet tooth indifferent. Particularly popular are apple and blueberry pies, waffles with the inevitable maple syrup, puddings, muffins, donuts, chocolate cakes and pastries. After dessert, a cup of coffee with milk or cream is traditionally served.
Common cold drinks include ginger beer, Coca-Cola (what would you do without it!), iced tea with lemon and ice, juices, and milkshakes. As for alcohol, local restaurants and bars offer literally any drinks, including the most exotic ones.
Best way to get to Indianapolis
international Airport Indianapolis is located eleven kilometers from the city center. Flights depart from here to major American cities, Toronto and Cuncun. From the Russian capital to Indianapolis you can fly by Aeroflot aircraft, Air France, KLM, Iberia, SAS, etc. Ticket prices depend on the airline, point of departure, season, and availability of sales.
From major cities In the USA, you can get to Indianapolis by train, intercity bus, or car.
WITH railway station In the city, a train departs every day to Chicago, and three times a week - a train from Washington to Chicago. There is a bus station not far from the station.
Indianapolis is an important highway intersection. Several interstate highways and expressways run through the city.
Urban transport
Indianapolis is one of the largest American cities without a subway. Main view public transport- urban and commuter buses(28 routes), which travel frequently in strict accordance with the schedule. One trip in the city costs about two dollars.
You can hire a taxi or, as in any US city, rent a car. It is very convenient to get around Indianapolis on a bicycle, which can also be easily rented. It is both environmentally friendly and very convenient in terms of self-study attractions. For those who don’t want to pedal themselves, pedicabs will always come to the rescue.
Hotel prices and shopping
The issue of accommodation in Indianapolis is resolved quite simply. There are a lot of hotels in the city where you can rent a room depending on your preferences and financial capabilities. There are luxury establishments where a room costs from $200 (for example, The Villa Inn Restaurant & Spa), and budget-class options with rooms for $25 (Indy Hostel) and $34 (Americas Best Value Inn-Indy South), which are suitable for budget travelers.
In addition, there are hotels with average prices, designed for the majority of city guests. In particular, Americas Best Value Inn-Indy South offers rooms from $46, Wingate by Wyndham Airport - from $67, etc.
Shopping lovers will undoubtedly enjoy Indianapolis. In the city great amount shopping centers, supermarkets, boutiques and shops. Castleton Square Mall is one of the most popular centers, where, in addition to clothing stores and European boutiques, there are perfume and jewelry stores. Here you can not only enjoy shopping, but also have a meal in a restaurant or visit a cinema. Glendale Town Center and Circle Center are equally popular.
There are many souvenir shops and art galleries on Massachusetts Avenue. The main city market, Indianapolis City Market, offers fresh produce, and for sweets and candies, go to Goose The Market.
When shopping in Indianapolis stores, please note that prices do not include taxes. When paying, the tax fee is added automatically.
Entertainment in the city
Indianapolis is known for its public events and various festivals, including:
- Indy 500 (a one-day car race that attracts fans from around the world);
- a culinary festival where wines and gastronomic masterpieces are tasted and outdoor cooking courses are held;
- festival of Indian culture and history;
- a festival where lovers of alcohol, German sausages and pork ribs can have a blast;
- a soccer tournament featuring African-American teams;
- festival of the best creative groups in the country.
Indianapolis is a city where ancient traditions and Hi-tech, a place where neither businessmen nor tourists will be bored.
Welcome to the United States of America!
General information:Full title: Indianapolis
State:
Year of foundation: 1819
Population (with surrounding area): 1.756 million people
Square: 963 sq. km.
In the heart of Indiana is the state capital, Indianapolis. It is the largest industrial and shopping mall with a diverse industry. Mechanical engineering, metallurgy, printing, and pharmaceuticals bring considerable income to the city. But it was the automobile industry that made Indianapolis famous. It originated in this city when the legendary Henry Ford was still walking under the table. The city has its own auto track for testing cars. Today it has turned into a race track where the Indy 500 is held and Formula 1 races are also held here. Indianapolis hosts massive cultural events every year.
Indianapolis Photos
Indianapolis has become the largest transportation hub in the Midwest and ranks third in size. Six pass through the city railways and numerous highways. The city has its own airport.
The cultural heritage of the city is carefully protected by its residents. The city has an Art Museum, the headquarters of the American Legion, and the Benjamin Harrison House Museum. In addition, there is a war memorial called War Memorial Plaza. The city is divided into six historical zones, where different examples of architecture are presented. The magnificent architectural structure– Scottish Rite Cathedral.
Indianapolis is considered a strong educational center. Built in the city a large number of ancient universities. For example, Butler University was founded back in 1855. Universities take an active part in the public life of the city. On the basis of educational institutions there are museums and art galleries. Samples of delicious multinational cuisine are presented everywhere here.
In Indianapolis, the sports sector is at a high level. Sports competitions are often organized here. Indianapolis leaves behind a vibrant and unforgettable experience, so tourism flourishes here.
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USS Indianapolis (CA-35)
Historical data
Total information
EU
real
doc
Booking
Armament
Air group (after modernization)
- 2 OS2U seaplanes Kingfisher.
Main caliber artillery
- 3 × 3 - 203 mm Mark 9 guns.
Flak
- 8 × 1 - 127 mm guns;
- 8×1 - 12.7mm M2 Browning.
Same type ships
USS Indianapolis (CA-35)(Russian) "Indianapolis" listen) - ship of the series of heavy cruisers Portland, the second in the series. Named after the American city of Indianapolis, the capital of the state of Indiana. Took part in the Second World War. Killed by torpedoing by a Japanese submarine in 1945. The ship received 10 battle stars for its service during the war.
General information
Heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis was the flagship of US Navy Admiral Raymond Spruance, who commanded the 5th Fleet in the central Pacific during World War II. The sinking of a ship in 1945 resulted in the largest single loss personnel in the history of the US Navy. On July 30, 1945, after delivering parts to create the first atomic bomb to the air force base in Tinian, the cruiser was torpedoed by the Japanese submarine I-58, and after 12 minutes it completely sank. Of the 1,196 crew on board, about 300 sank with the ship.
The 900 people who were rescued and found themselves in sea water, were left virtually without water, food and were subjected to grueling starvation, dehydration, and salt water poisoning, having only a few swimming devices at their disposal. And only 4 days later the crew of the PV-1 patrol aircraft Ventura during a duty flight over the water area, the crew of the USS was noticed in the water Indianapolis. Only 317 people survived.
History of creation
USS Indianapolis was the second and last ship in a series of heavy cruisers of the type Portland. This was the third type of heavy cruiser of the US Navy, which were designed in accordance with the Washington Naval Treaties of 1922. They were preceded by two cruisers of the type Pensacola, which were ordered in 1926, and six cruisers of the type Northampton, ordered in 1927. Having been ordered for the US Navy in 1930, the cruiser Indianapolis designed as lightweight, designated CL-35. But on July 1, 1931, in accordance with the London Naval Agreement, it was reclassified as heavy with a change in number to SA-35.
Design
The entire series of 8 ships was designed as light cruisers as a development of cruisers of the type Northampton. But only two ships were completed (USS Portland and USS Indianapolis). The remaining six, together with the developments obtained during construction, were completed as new type cruisers - New Orleans.
Construction and testing
Five ships were ordered in 1930 and their construction was entrusted to three shipbuilding companies. In 1931, cruisers with indexes CA-32, CA-34, And CA-36 were ordered by the company Westinghouse Machinery and during the construction process were reclassified into type New Orleans. USS Portland was mortgaged by the company Bethlehem Steel February 17, 1930, and the U.S.S. Indianapolis company New York Shipbuilding Corporation March 31, 1930. Moreover, being laid down second in the series, USS Indianapolis was launched earlier than the lead ship of the series - November 7, 1931 versus May 21, 1932 for USS Portland. Entered service on November 15, 1932.
Description of design and armament
Diagram of the heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35)
Detailed information about the design, armor and armament of cruisers is given in the article on Portland-class heavy cruisers.
Power plant and driving performance
The ship had 4 propeller shafts, which were rotated by four Parsons turbines, with 8 boilers manufactured by the company "Yarrow". Designed power power plant at 107,000 hp was supposed to ensure the ship's speed of 32 knots (59 km/h). The ship's cruising range was 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 thousand km) at a speed of 15 knots (28 km/h). The ship had poor handling until a keel was later installed under the bottom.
The fuel tank capacity was 2,125 (1,928 metric) tons. The ship's cruising range at a speed of 15 knots was 8,640 nautical miles, at a speed of 25 knots - 4,500 nautical miles. During trials in 1932, the cruiser USS Indianapolis showed a speed of 32.65 knots with a displacement of 11,092 tons and a power of 108,317 hp.
Armament
Auxiliary/anti-aircraft artillery
According to the project, the ship's anti-aircraft armament consisted of
Communications, detection, auxiliary equipment
On ships of this type there were two catapults for 4 seaplanes, 2 of which were stored on the hangar deck under open air. But on a cruiser USS Indianapolis 5 aircraft were based, the fifth was the flagship aircraft of the cruising forces. In the early 30s, seaplanes of the type Vought O2U/O3U Corsair, during the war years - Curtiss SOC Seagull, Vought OS2U Kingfisher, Curtiss SC Seahawk.
The ship had a Mk.27 fire control system, the basis of which was two small cylindrical directors with 12.7 mm anti-fragmentation armor, instead of the large glass areas of previous cruisers. To control anti-aircraft fire, Mk.19 posts have been preserved.
Modernization and refurbishment
After the United States entered World War II, the cruiser received six quad 28-mm automatic guns. Already in 1945, the ship received 24 40-mm Bofors as anti-aircraft weapons in the form of six quad turrets, also 4 twin 40-mm Bofors, and 16 single 20-mm Oerlikons.
At the beginning of 1942, control posts anti-aircraft artillery Mk.19 were replaced by a modification Mark 33. And on USS Indianapolis they were placed on the bow and stern superstructures, while on USS Portland they were located on the wings of the bow bridge. Radars were installed at the same time S.C., FC Mk.3 And FD Mk.4.
In 1943, the ship underwent modernization, during which the bridge design was simplified and the mainmast was replaced with a lighter lattice one installed in front of the second chimney. Radar systems SK and SG were installed.
During World War II, the 203 mm main caliber guns of the ship were modified Mark 9 were replaced by a modification Mark 14, which differed from their predecessors in chrome-plated holes for guns and the reduced size of the gun turret itself.
Service history
Interwar period
Aerial photograph of the Reconnaissance Unit in the Panama Canal Zone. The fleet consists of destroyers, light cruisers and the flagship USS Indianapolis (CA-35) (shown in the center group on the far right). April 23, 1934
During the command of First Captain John M. Smely, the cruiser USS Indianapolis took an impromptu cruise across the Atlantic to Guantanamo Bay, where he arrived on February 23, 1932. After this, the ship proceeded through the Panama Canal to conduct exercises off the Chilean coast. After extensive repairs at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, the ship departed for Maine to transport President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Campobello Island, New Brunswick, where she arrived on July 1, 1933. Having left the same day, USS Indianapolis July 3 arrived at Annapolis, Maryland. During their stay in Annapolis, 6 members of the government lived on the ship along with President Roosevelt. After the President disembarked, the ship left Annapolis on July 4 for the Philadelphia shipyard.
6 September cruiser USS Indianapolis picked up US Secretary of the Navy Claude A. Swanson to inspect the fleet in the Pacific. The ship visited the Panama zone, Hawaii, as well as San Pedro and San Diego. The Chief Secretary left the ship on October 27th.
November 1, 1933 cruiser USS Indianapolis received status as the flagship of Reconnaissance Force 1, and carried out active patrols near California. On April 9, 1934, the ship departed Long Beach, California, for New York City, where it arrived to receive President Roosevelt for a second inspection of the fleet. The ship returned to Long Beach on November 9, 1934, where she continued training with Reconnaissance Force 1 as the fleet's flagship until 1941. On November 18, 1936, the ship picked up Roosevelt for the third time in Charleston, South Carolina, and cruised with him to South America. The ship visited Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, Buenos Aires in Argentina and Montevideo in Uruguay on state business of the President. On December 15, the cruiser returned to Charleston and landed the President's team ashore.
World War II period
7 December 1941 heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis bombed Johnston Atoll during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The ship later joined Task Force 12 to search for the Japanese fleet carrier group responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor. But it was not possible to find her. On December 13, the ship returned to Pearl Harbor and became part of Task Force 11.
New Guinea Campaign
As part of Task Force 11, the ship sailed to the South Pacific Ocean, to a position 560 km from Rabaul, New Britain Islands, as an escort for an aircraft carrier USS Lexington. On February 20, 1942, in the afternoon, American ships were attacked by 18 Japanese aircraft. 16 of them were shot down by an air group with USS Lexington, the other two were shot down by the formation's air defense systems.
March 10 Task Force 11 reinforced by a force led by an aircraft carrier USS Yorktown, attacked Lae and Salamaua in New Guinea, where large Japanese forces were stationed. Attacking from the south, from the Stanley Mountains, the US air force took the Japanese fleet by surprise and inflicted devastating losses on the enemy, severely damaging warships and transport ships, losing only a few aircraft. USS Indianapolis returned to Mare Island to refit before escorting convoy to Australia.
Aleutian Campaign
Shortly thereafter, the cruiser sailed north to support American forces in the Battle of the Aleutian Islands. August 7 USS Indianapolis As part of Task Force 11, he attacked Kiska Island with Japanese buildings located on it. Since the fog prevented normal visibility, USS Indianapolis together with other ships carried out a massive shelling of the bay. Later, naval reconnaissance officers reported sunk Japanese ships in the bay and damaged coastal structures. After 15 minutes, the Japanese coastal guns returned fire, but the ship’s main caliber guns were soon destroyed. Japanese submarines, which were approaching the fleet at this time, were attacked by depth charges from destroyers and were forced to withdraw. Japanese dive bombers also made an extremely unsuccessful attack. Despite the lack of intelligence on Japanese forces, the operation was very successful.
USS Indianapolis during World War II. Location unknown.
Allied forces later occupied Adak Island, thereby ensuring the deployment naval base in Dutch Bay, Unalaska Island. In January 1943, USS Indianapolis supported the landing and capture of Amchitka, part of the Aleutian Islands.
February 19 at the head of two destroyers USS Indianapolis patrolled the southwestern part of Attu Island, looking for Japanese ships that supplied Kiska and Attu Islands. Soon the Japanese transport ship Akagane Maru was intercepted. The transport tried to radio about the American attack, but was fired upon by the cruiser. Soon it exploded and was sunk with all its cargo and crew.
In mid-1943, the cruiser USS Indianapolis continued escorting American convoys near the Aleutian Islands. Also took part in the shelling of priority coastal targets. In May, Allied forces captured Attu Island and then advanced to Kiska Island, the last Japanese outpost in the Aleutian Islands. On August 15, the landing of troops on the last island began, but as it turned out, the Japanese had already left the Aleutian Islands completely.
Actions in 1943
After refitting on Mare Island, USS Indianapolis went to Hawaii as the flagship of Vice Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, commanding the 5th Fleet. On November 10, the ship departed Pearl Harbor as part of the main strike force of the Southern Attack Force to participate in the invasion of the Gilbert Islands. On November 19, the ship shelled Tarawa Atoll and the next day - Makin Island. After this, the ship returned to Tarawa as fire cover for the landing, where it remained for three days until the landing completely secured the captured island. The capture of the Marshall Islands led to the final Allied victory in the capture of the Gilbert Islands. USS Indianapolis continued to serve as the flagship of the 5th Fleet.
Actions in 1944
January 31, 1944 USS Indianapolis As part of his task force, he went to Kwazhelein Atoll for its subsequent bombardment. During the shelling, the cruiser neutralized two enemy coastal batteries. The next day, the ship destroyed the checkpoint and other Japanese buildings, and also supported the landing with powerful barrage fire from its guns. On February 4, the ship entered Kvazhelein Bay and remained there until the enemy resistance forces were completely destroyed.
USS Indianapolis docked at Mare Island Shipyard. November 26, 1944. View of the left side of the front of the ship
In March and April USS Indianapolis still in her role as flagship of the 5th Fleet, she launched an attack on the western part of the Caroline Islands. On March 30-31, aircraft carrier formations sank 3 enemy destroyers, 17 transport ships, 5 tankers near the island of Palau and damaged 17 other ships. The airfields were bombed and surrounded by water mines. The islands of Yap and Ulithi were attacked on 31 March and Woleai on 1 April. Japanese planes attempted an attack but were forced to retreat without damaging the American ships. USS Indianapolis shot down his second plane, a Japanese torpedo bomber. In total, the enemy lost 160 aircraft, including 46 at the airfield. These attacks prevented Japanese forces from supporting the Caroline Islands during the Allied landings in New Guinea.
Throughout June, the 5th Fleet attacked the Marianas. On June 11, attacks on the island of Saipan began by aircraft carrier formations. After which, on June 13, coastal shelling began from ships where the heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis played the main role. On June 15, the day of the landing, Admiral Spruance learned that enemy battleships, aircraft carriers, cruisers and destroyers were heading south to relieve their garrisons in the Mariana Islands. Since such an ambitious operation had to be defended at all costs, Admiral Spruance could not move far from his position. As a result, he sent a fast force of aircraft carriers to intercept the incoming Japanese naval forces. While other Allied groups attacked air bases on Iwo Jima and Chichizima.
On July 19, the American fleet engaged Japanese forces in the Philippine Sea. Air groups from Japanese aircraft carriers, which hoped to use the airfields in Guam and Tinian to refuel and replenish ammunition, were met by aircraft from Allied carrier formations and air defense systems of their covering ships. On that day, according to Navy reports, 426 enemy aircraft were destroyed, while only 29 were lost. The heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis one torpedo bomber was shot down. This day of dogfights soon became known as the Mariana Turkey Shoot. With enemy air resistance broken, allied carrier air groups sank the Japanese carrier IJN Hiyō(Japanese 飛鷹 - “Flying Hawk”), two destroyers, one tanker and damaged others. Two other enemy aircraft carriers IJN Taihō And IJN Shōkaku were sunk by submarines.
June 23 USS Indianapolis returned to Saipan to restore fire support, and six days later went to the island of Tinian to shell coastal buildings. Meanwhile, Guam was taken, and USS Indianapolis was the first ship to enter Apra Harbor since the war. The ship continued combat operations in the area Mariana Islands over the next few weeks. Then he went to the Western Caroline Islands, where a landing was planned soon. From September 12 to 29, the ship shelled the island of Peleliu from the Palau group of islands to prepare for the landing. After this, the cruiser departed for Manus Island from the Admiralty Islands group, where she operated for 10 days before returning to the Mare Island naval shipyard.
Actions in 1945
February 14, 1945 after major repairs, heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis joined Vice Admiral Mark A. Mitscher's Fast Carrier Task Force. Two days later, the vice admiral's group attacked Tokyo, providing fire cover for the landing on Iwo Jima, which was planned for February 19. This was the first attack by carrier forces since the Doolittle Raid. The purpose of the task was to destroy Japanese production facilities for the production of aircraft and other structures in the homeland of the Japanese. The fleet achieved a tactical surprise attack on the Japanese coast under the cover of bad weather. The attacks continued for 2 days. The Allied forces lost 49 aircraft, while the Japanese suffered a massive loss of 499 aircraft. Also, the forces of the task force of Vice Admiral Mark A. Mitscher sunk an aircraft carrier, 9 coast guard vessels, 2 escort destroyers and a transport ship. A large number of ground structures, both industrial and civilian, were destroyed.
USS Indianapolis under fire near Saipan. June 1944
Immediately after the attack, the unit sailed to Bonin Island to support the landing on Iwo Jima, where the ship remained until March 1, conducting coastal bombardments and providing covering fire for the landing party. 25 February USS Indianapolis returned to Vice Admiral Mitscher's formation to conduct a second attack on Tokyo and Hachiyo from south coast Honshu Island the next day. Weather were very poor, and American forces destroyed 158 enemy aircraft and sank 5 small ships during shelling of coastal structures, and also destroyed several trains.
The US Navy's next target was Okinawa, which was within reach of the airfields on the main Japanese islands. The Fast Task Force was tasked with attacking enemy airfields in southern Japan to prevent the Japanese command from providing effective resistance during the Allied invasion. On March 14, the formation arrived on the shores of Japan from Uliti. March 18 from a distance of 160 km southwest of Kyushu Island. The purpose of the attack was to destroy airfields on the island of Kyushu and ships of the Japanese Imperial Navy in the harbors of the islands of Kobe and Kyure. The Japanese discovered the American forces on March 21 and sent 48 aircraft to intercept them. But all the Japanese planes were shot down by 24 fighters from the aircraft carrier group.
On March 24, preliminary shelling of Okinawa began before the landing. USS Indianapolis spent seven days shelling coastal defense buildings with his 200 mm main caliber shells. During this time, Japanese planes periodically attacked American ships. The cruiser shot down 6 units in total and damaged 2 more. On March 31, the ship's patrols USS Indianapolis noticed a Japanese plane flying from the side rising sun and immediately aimed at the command bridge in a vertical dive. The 20-mm anti-aircraft guns were unable to stop the enemy plane and after 15 seconds it was already over the ship. Although anti-aircraft fire hit it and forced it to turn, the bomber pilot managed to turn the plane to successfully drop a bomb on the ship from a height of 7.6 meters. After which he fell into the water near the stern of the ship. The falling bomb penetrated the deck, flew through the crew's prayer room, then went through the berthing compartment, then through the fuel compartments, and also passed through the keel of the ship before exploding in the water under the bottom of the ship. As a result of the explosion, the ship received two gaping holes in the keel, through which neighboring compartments were flooded, and as a result, 9 crew members died. The ship's bulkheads prevented subsequent flooding of adjacent compartments. Barely manageable USS Indianapolis headed to the port, radioing the repair ship along the way to provide emergency repairs. An inspection showed that the ship's propeller shafts were damaged, the fuel compartment was torn, and water purification equipment was also damaged. But still, USS Indianapolis committed long flight through Pacific Ocean to Mare Island on your own.
Death
USS Indianapolis (CA-35) Memorial in Indianapolis, Indiana
After major renovation USS Indianapolis received orders to proceed to the island of Tinian. On board, the ship carried parts as well as enriched uranium (about half the world's supply of uranium-235 at one time) for the Little Boy atomic bomb. Little Boy), which was later dropped on Hiroshima. On July 16, 1945, the cruiser departed San Francisco for Pearl Harbor, where it arrived on July 19. After which, the ship single-handedly delivered spare parts for the atomic bomb to the island of Tinian on July 26. After USS Indianapolis was sent to Guam, where part of the crew was supposed to finish their service on the ship, and at the same time replenish the crew with new sailors. On July 28, the cruiser departed Guam for Leyte Gulf, where the crew was to undergo training before continuing to Okinawa to join Vice Admiral Jess B. Ohlendorf's Task Force 95. On July 30 at 00.14 hours the ship was torpedoed on the starboard side near the bow by two torpedoes Type 95 out of 6 released by a Japanese submarine I-58 under the command of Mohitsuro Hashimoto. The explosions caused enormous damage to the ship. Soon the bow of the ship sank under the water, and 12 minutes later the ship completely sank along with 300 crew members out of a total of 1,196 people. The remaining crew members were left in the water with only a few lifeboats, many of whom did not even have life jackets.
The naval command had no idea that the ship had sunk until the surviving crew were discovered three and a half days later. USS Indianapolis. August 2 at 10.25 pilots PV-1 Ventura Lieutenant Wilbur Gwinn and Lieutenant Warren Colewell, while on duty patrol, noticed people drifting. Of the 880 people who survived the death of the ship, only 321 people were raised from the water alive, but 4 of them soon died. During their time in the water, survivors faced dehydration, hypothermia, food shortages, shark attacks and severe hallucinations. Some succumbed to suicide.
Before the flooding USS Indianapolis sent distress signals that were received at three stations. None of them responded to the message: the commander of the first was drunk, the commander of the second ordered his subordinates not to disturb him, and the commander of the third decided that this was a deception of the Japanese. At a Senate hearing in 1999, the ship's radio operator confirmed that the signal was transmitted minutes before the sinking. Also, shortly after the incident, naval reconnaissance intercepted a message about something sunk in the area of the route. USS Indianapolis cruiser transferred from I-58 to headquarters It was also ignored.
Heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis became the last major US Navy ship sunk in World War II.
Commanders
Below is a table with a list of heavy cruiser commanders " USS Indianapolis for the entire period of its existence.
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Last ship commander
The last captain of the USS Indianapolis (CA-35) Charles Butler McVay III
Captain Charles B. McVay III, who had commanded the ship since November 1944, was one of the survivors of the ship's sinking. In November 1945, he was brought to justice by a military tribunal for the death of the ship. He was accused of "endangering the ship by failing to carry out anti-torpedo maneuvers." On the other hand, there were facts that the command itself put the ship in a dangerous position.
Later, the captain of the attacking Japanese submarine himself I-58, testified that even the ship’s performance of anti-torpedo maneuvers would not have brought any results, and the ship would still have been torpedoed.
Eventually, Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz overturned McVay's conviction and reinstated him. McVay retired in 1949 with the rank of rear admiral. Many survivors from the ship USS Indianapolis claimed that Captain Charles McVay was not to blame for the death of the ship, while at the same time some members of the families of the victims thought quite the opposite. The blame placed on the captain's shoulders led to him committing suicide in 1968 using his revolver. At that time he was 70 years old. On the day the ship sank, he just turned 47 years old.
In October 2000, the US Congress approved a resolution that Captain McVay's personnel file should record that he was exonerated of charges in the death of the cruiser USS Indianapolis, which was signed by US President Bill Clinton. The resolution also stated that despite the multiple losses of ships by the US Navy during World War II, only Captain Charles B. McVay III was court-martialed for the death of his ship. In July 2001, the Secretary of the Navy ordered Captain McVay's personnel file to be cleared of any record of blame for the death. USS Indianapolis.
general information
The heart of Indianapolis - Monument Circle (Monument Circle). White River State Park and many entertainment centers are located about a kilometer to the west. The Broad Ripple area is 11.27 km north of College Avenue (College Ave) and 62nd Street (62nd St).
Many of the early automobile manufacturers set up shop in the city, but they were eclipsed by Detroit's giants. They left their legacy - a 4.02-kilometer test track, site of the first Indianapolis 500 in 1911 (during which average speed was 120.70 km/h).
The city celebrates the Indy 500 in May during the 500 Festival (www.500festival.com; tickets from $7). Events include a parade of racers and a wild party at the race track.
Hotels become more expensive and fully booked during the race period in May, July and August. A 17% tax must also be added to the prices listed below. Look for Cheap Motels Off I-465 (freeway circling Indianapolis).
Useful contacts
Indiana University Medical Center (Indiana University Medical Center) (Tel: 317-274-4705; 550 N University Blvd)
Indianapolis Convention and Visitors Bureau (Indianapolis Convention & Visitors Bureau) (Tel: 800-323-4639; www.visitindy.com) Download free apps and print coupons from their website.
Transport
Indianapolis International Airport (Indianapolis International Airport) (IND; www.indianapolisairport.com ; 7800 Col Weir Cook Memorial Dr) is located 25.75 km southeast of the city. Bus Washington (8) travels between the airport and the city center ($1.75, 50 minutes); Green Line buses cover the same route faster ($7, 20 minutes). A taxi to the city center costs about $35.
Greyhound (Greyhound) (Tel: 317-267-3076; www.greyhound.com) shares Union Station (Union Station) (350 S Illinois St) with Amtrak. Buses travel frequently to Cincinnati (2 hours) and Chicago (3.5 hours). Megabass (Megabus) (www.megabus.com/us) stops at 200 E Washington St (Washington Street), travel on these buses is often cheap. Amtrak also travels this route, but almost twice as slow. (absurd) and more expensive.
TRAVEL NOTES
INDIANAPOLIS
01. Indianapolis is a city in the Midwestern United States, the capital of the state of Indiana. Indianapolis was founded in 1819. The city's population is 820 thousand people (13th place in the USA), and about 2 million residents live within the agglomeration. According to Forbes magazine, downtown Indianapolis is one of the best in the United States. Let's go check it out!
02. Of all the state capitals, Indianapolis is closest to the geographic center of its state. And all the main attractions of the city are close to the center of Indianapolis. The central part of the city can be identified without much difficulty - it is a round square called Monument Circle with a huge monument in its very center. From above, this place probably looks like a target.
03. The Soldiers and Sailors Monument is clearly visible from many sides of the city; all the central streets run straight into it. The memorial is dedicated to the memory of veterans who participated in the Anglo-American, Mexican-American, Spanish-American and Civil wars.
04. The monument was built between 1889 and 1902. The height of the structure is 86.72 m, which is only 4.6 meters lower than the Statue of Liberty in New York. The stele is crowned with the figure of the Victory Statue. At the top of the monument is Observation deck, which can be reached by elevator or stairs. There is a Museum under the monument civil war. Until 1962, the monument was the tallest building in the city.
05. The space of the square itself is very spacious and beautiful. Along the perimeter there are many cozy cafes, shops, hotels and office centers and even a radio studio. In the background is the fourth tallest building in Indianapolis - Market Tower, 128 meters high. The skyscraper was built in 1988.
06. Around the monument there are many green trees, beautiful flower beds and places where you can sit comfortably and enjoy a cup of coffee to the soothing sound of a fountain waterfall. Many sit right on the steps in front of the monument.
07. The lower part of the monument is decorated with bronze and limestone bas-reliefs on military themes. Each figure is worked out to the smallest detail and, in general, the entire structure makes a strong impression, and the free spaces of the area around add scale.
08. The Soldiers and Sailors Monument is the most recognizable symbol of Indianapolis. The monument is a meeting place for city residents and a venue for various events and festivals. As an annual tradition since 1962, the memorial is decorated in the style of a huge Christmas tree for Christmas.
09. Almost next door to Indiana State Capitol Street. The building is important not only to the city, but to the entire state. The state government has been located here since 1888. Their hard work is not at all hampered by constant excursions - last year more than 50,000 tourists visited the Capitol.
10. It seems that Americans have been most successful in building skyscrapers and capitols. Moreover, they build the latter with special sophistication and diligence. In many American cities There are beautiful and stately capitols, they embody all the greatness of the nation, the entire American spirit of freedom and independence. It may seem that they are similar to each other, but when you look closely, you realize that each of them has its own character.
11. There are a lot of green trees and a cool evergreen lawn around the building. It’s very cool when the places where the authorities are located do not repel, but, on the contrary, attract both local residents and visiting tourists.
12. The “signature” time-worn green color of the domes and waving flags. With the spire, the height of the building is 78 meters. When completed, the building was the second tallest in the state.
13. At the very top of the Capitol are figures of Indians of local tribes who could not withstand the pressure of modern civilization, but immortalized their name in the name of the state and city.
14. On the Washington Street side there is a monument to George Washington. It symbolizes the role of Masonic lodges in the history of Indiana. Along the perimeter of the Capitol you can find about a dozen different sculptures and monuments, the subjects of which are directly related to the past and present of the city and state.
15. View of the Capitol from the other side. In such picturesque place, probably, the right laws are being adopted.
16. The Federal Courthouse was built in 1905. From the outside it looks quite peaceful. Another example of the fact that external architecture does not necessarily have to reflect the essence of what is happening inside. Or maybe this is the most humane court in the world?
17. Indianapolis is an amazingly beautiful and architecturally unusual city. It literally appeared above the roads at a height of 5 meters hanging garden arts This is not only a pedestrian crossing between neighboring buildings, but also a place for exhibitions of works by artists and musicians. Glass gives an airy and open feel to the room, which definitely helps to “absorb” the art. Definitely one of the most original solutions of art galleries.
18. Abraham Lincoln meets us at the entrance to University Park. He has been sitting here since 1934. University Park is just the beginning of a long and beautiful park alley running from the city center. In general, Indianapolis is ideal for hiking. The city center is very well thought out; when visiting the main attractions, you come across a minimal number of highways and a lot of space is allocated for pedestrians.
19. View of Indianapolis skyscrapers. It is very nice that urban space designers do not neglect park areas in the city center and do not build up every free piece of land with taller buildings. This feature makes it possible to look at the skyscrapers from the outside, and walking around the park is always a pleasure.
20. In the central part of the park stands the building of the World War Memorial. The architectural style of downtown Indianapolis is very reminiscent of Washington - memorials, statues and monuments, the Capitol and buildings with elements of Greek policies. This is not an accident. Alexander Ralston, the architect who was put in charge of the city's construction, also helped develop plans for Washington.
21. Bronze sculpture at the entrance to the memorial.
22. The beautiful Depew Memorial Fountain is still in the same park. It was constructed in 1919, but the bronze figures of children playing look very alive.
23. Alexander Calder, who also designed City Hall in Philadelphia with a statue of William Penn on top, contributed to the creation of this fountain.
24. Masonic Temple Scottish Rite Cathedral. The building was designed in such a way that the size of each side in feet is divisible by 3, thereby symbolizing the 3 degrees of Freemasonry. The entrance room is a cube with sides of 33 feet. The area of many interior spaces is also a multiple of 33.
25. 30-meter obelisk. Again, striking similarities with Washington. But this only emphasizes the good taste of the city’s architects.
26. Open from any part of the park great views to downtown. The juxtaposition of green trees and monolithic skyscrapers creates a pleasant picture.
27. You can walk on the lawns! Here they are created specifically for people. They are not surrounded by fences, people walk on them and have picnics on them.
28. At the end of the park, the American flag flutters triumphantly, surrounded by four hawks. Americans' love for their flag is worthy of respect. Flags are displayed in almost all public places, huge flags are stretched inside government buildings, many residents have flags hung on their houses and in apartment windows. And during national holidays the entire human mass is replete with stripes and stars. Americans are truly proud of their country and show it every day.
29. Just behind the park is the Indianapolis Central Library building. If you absolutely cannot stand boring libraries, where everyone sits with languid faces, afraid to make an unnecessary rustle, where librarians who look like prison guards stop any attempts at fun, then you definitely need to look into this library.
30. I could never even imagine that a library could be so cool, interesting, educational and fun. The Indianapolis Central Library will dispel absolutely all library stereotypes and will leave no one indifferent. The trip here remains one of the most vivid impressions about the city. See what a huge spacious space, illuminated by sunlight, opens up when you get inside.
31. Comfortable sofas for waiting, an information desk with interesting booklets, groups of schoolchildren and students, free entry and access to all books and materials, no library cards! Five floors of engaging information and an interactive, modern approach to learning and presentation.
32. In the next wing of the Central Library there is a section for those who like a more conventional image of the library. None high technology. You are alone with the book without any intermediaries.
33. It feels like you are in the library of one of the British castles, surrounded by ancient manuscripts and rare copies of books. Oak tables and cabinets filled with books, hanging chandeliers from the carved ceiling and huge windows - contemplating all this gives you a special aristocratic pleasure.
34. Not a library, but almost a museum.
35. It's time to move into the world of modern nano-libraries! Here you can explore floor by floor as much as you like, and no one will blame you for not reading books, but wandering around with a camera. The Central Library has ideally planned zoning of space. Despite the fact that more than 5 million people visit the library every year, there are always free places and the opportunity to easily find the material you need.
36. I wonder if anyone has done a study on how much more effective the process of acquiring knowledge is in such comfortable lounge chairs. It all looks like a literary resort.
37. Huge library spaces. In this square you can find more than a dozen options for accommodating visitors, based on the number of people and the tasks assigned.
38. A convenient way to isolate yourself from the outside world for focused collaboration on a project. The most scientific way to get closer to the girl or guy you like while studying in college.
39. Need active brainstorming on a complex problem? All for the round table! There are several such areas in the library. Each of them is surrounded by shelves with books on certain topics. It’s very convenient – all the knowledge and experience of generations is at arm’s length.
40. Here you can arrange a video presentation and consolidate your knowledge with interesting literature.
41. Is the book you need only on the server of the Central Library of London? It's OK! A personal laptop with Internet access will help you conquer the most remote corners library universe. May the books be with you!
42. Who would have thought that you could take your children to the library? A large play corner was equipped for them. While adults are writing dissertations, children are learning the basics of letter mixing - knowledge should be equally accessible to everyone.
44. Tens, hundreds, thousands, millions of books. A record book turnover was recorded in 2006 – almost 14 million books.
45. Each book is wrapped in a transparent cover - a simple and obvious way to significantly extend their life.
46. The library helps to understand many life situations and find answers to all questions. If you are approached strange people and started speaking an unknown language, a large selection of dictionaries will help you find a common language with them.
47. The Indianapolis Central Library has its own movie theater. The library turned out to be incredibly cool and aimed at absolutely all residents of the city. Such an organization of the library allows you to return interest to books in printed format, and the division of the internal space into different zones turns cognition into an interactive process. In Indianapolis, if a teenager comes home early in the morning and says he spent too much time in the library, they will readily believe him.
48. Indianapolis has another ace up its sleeve - the Indiana Central Canal - an incredible pedestrian promenade along the canal. From here one of the best views to the city's downtown. Locals and tourists walk here, athletes jog and ride bicycles, families relax with their children - no one can resist the enchanting charm of the canals.
49. It’s hard to imagine that this place is just a ten-minute walk from the city center. There are small houses around, green meadows - no hint of a large metropolis in the neighborhood.
50. Everything around evokes peace, all worries dissolve in a wonderful mood and all that remains is to enjoy a great summer day.
51. Someone has a great location at home - you can go out to the balcony in the morning with a cup of delicious coffee and enjoy the beautiful view. Then take a five-minute bike ride to the office in the center. But the guy on the first floor was less lucky - there was no balcony, and besides, all the passers-by were trying to look into the windows.
52. There is a lot of greenery around. You can imagine that this is an ordinary street - houses, sidewalks, trees, and instead of asphalt - water surface. It is impossible to stop admiring the correct urban layouts - the city center has been completely put to use local residents and tourists, and not for expensive shops and luxury residential complexes.
53. There are small cafes along the canal.
54. Almost all fountains and ponds are designed in such a way that the water is almost at the same level as the sidewalk. It looks very beautiful and unites the entire space, and most importantly does not create a pit effect.
55. Ducks have completely occupied part of the embankment.
56. For $30 you can rent a catamaran for an hour and take a ride along the canals, looking at everything from a different perspective. The rental also offers kayaks, gondolas with a gondolier and promises a great time.
57. The Central Canal gives you the opportunity to take a break from the city without leaving it. Highways are located to the side and the bustle of the city will not be able to break through here. All that remains is to relax and enjoy.
58. The new skyscraper of the JW Marriott hotel blends beautifully with the old buildings.
59. The Indiana Repertory Theater building looks very theatrical.
60. Residential buildings stand in orderly rows. Probably a cool view through those panoramic windows.
61. Indianapolis turned out to be amazing and very beautiful city. Unfortunately, we were able to see only the central part of it, but there is still a lot of unknown left outside the downtown. The space of the city is incredibly cozy, thoughtful and convenient for walking and relaxing. Large green areas, long canals and dozens of kilometers of pedestrian streets make Indianapolis very spacious, and the harmonious mixture of downtown architectural styles gives the city its unique style.
62. For fans of fast racing cars, Indianapolis is not an empty word. Near the city is one of the most famous and second oldest operating racetracks in the world - Indianapolis Motor Speedway. The autodrome has been operating since 1909.
63. The track has hosted the Indianapolis 500 Mile race every year since 1911. different years included in the standings of various championships. The road version of the Indianapolis track hosted the Formula 1 United States Grand Prix from 2000 to 2007.
64. The speedway has a museum and hall of fame that houses all the winning cars from the Indianapolis 500, which has been running since 1911. The Indianapolis 500 is the oldest regular auto race on the planet and is considered one of the three most prestigious in the world, along with the Monaco Grand Prix and the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Pictured is the Lotus Ford, winner of the 1965 Indy 500.
65. Let's start! Attention! Go!
66. The museum displays cars that are more than 100 years old. Moving from car to car, it’s as if you’re moving through the history of the American automobile industry, step by step following the development of racing cars and the modernization of designs.
67. This is already modern racing.
68. Unrealistically cool cars. There are few places where you can see such a collection!
69. At the junction of racing generations.
70. A full hall of rarities. You need to be a strong person to voluntarily leave here.
71. Kurtis FD / Novi SC - third place in the 1948 Indianapolis 500.
72. 1937 Delahaye Type 145 V-12 Grand Prix.
73. 1966 Ford GT MARK II.
74. 1957 “SS” Corvette.
75. Spirit of America - Sonic 1. This car looks like a spaceship, and it has the speed to match. In 1965, this spaceship set a speed record of 600,601 miles/hour (966,574 kilometers/hour).
76. 1976 Candies & Hughes Top Fuel Dragster.
77. 1992 Pontiac Grand Prix NASCAR and Danica Patric's "Rookie" Car.
78. The stands are still empty, but soon the new Indy 500 season will open (the race starts every last Sunday in May) and again the stands will burst into enthusiastic screams, and the roar of engines will mark the continued development of racing cars, and autopilots will continue to write their names in the history of the legendary Indianapolis Motor Speedway .
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