3 fountains “Joy of Victory”, which are located in Moscow, on Poklonnaya Hill, have 6 bowls, they go in a semicircle, capturing the Museum building in the south-eastern part. They are called segmental, due to the fact that they divide this semicircle into segments.

The jet nozzles, which stand in bowls in the form of transparent glasses, were previously installed on the “Four Seasons” fountain, which is located on Manezhnaya Square.

The trial launch of the fountains takes place in mid-April, and they are finally launched every year, according to tradition, on April 30, when the city mayor opens the fountain season.

Coordinates: 55.73320000,37.51076800

Riga Fountain

In 2007, a fountain was installed in the center of the square near the Rizhsky railway station in Moscow, which has the appearance of a traditional European water intake structure, consisting of an octagonal bowl, decorated with bronze ornaments along the edges of the octagon and a column located on a pedestal in the center. The top of the column is crowned by a caravel made of bronze and forged copper, 2.1 meters high, rotating on an axis. The fountain is faced with white, red and brown granite. The details are made of bronze and artificial granite. At the bottom of the pedestal there are niches in which streams of water flow from decorative elements. The jets and water mirror are illuminated by hidden lamps located under the inner edge of the parapet of the fountain bowl. The height of the composition including the caravel is 12 meters.

Fountain "Table"

The various fountains of Ukrainian Boulevard make an indelible impression. Among them is the "Table" fountain - a bowl decorated around the circumference with original elements, from which many jets of different heights emerge vertically.

Fountain-rotunda "Natalia and Alexander"

The rotunda fountain "Natalia and Alexander" was installed in honor of the bicentenary of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin.

The fountain was installed near the Church of the Ascension of the Lord outside the Nikitsky Gate. It was here that Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin married Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova.

The rotunda fountain was built according to the design of architects Mikhail Belov and Maxim Kharitonov. The sculptural composition was made by sculptor Mikhail Dronov.

According to the architects, the new monument should have been harmoniously combined with the architectural image of the famous church. A couple in love - Alexander and Natalya - is surrounded by columns, which are crowned by a dome covered with a special composition that imitates gold.

The monument attracts many loving couples and newlyweds who come here for wedding photo sessions.

Coordinates: 55.75764800,37.59754200

Fountain "Friendship of the Peoples of the USSR"

The fountain “Friendship of the Peoples of the USSR” is one of the main attractions of Moscow. It was built according to the design of engineer V.I. Klyavin and famous architect K.T. Topuridze, construction works performed by a team led by A. I. Bazhenova and I. M. Tchaikov. The building embodied the ideals of peace and friendship, which were the central policy line and main strategy of the USSR in the early 50s.

The fountain has a granite stepped base that resembles a flower and smoothly turns into a cup-shaped sheaf of sunflowers and ears of corn. Near it are installed figures of 16 girls, which symbolize the republics that were part of the USSR before 1956. They shimmer beautifully in the light of the sun, as they are covered with gold leaf.

The surface of the water mirror of the fountain occupies an area of ​​about 4 thousand square meters, and the volume of the bowl of the structure is 4000 cubic meters. In 2009, the “Friendship of the Peoples of the USSR” fountain was reconstructed - engineering communications were updated, excellent lighting was installed, which changes 16 times an hour, and supporting structures were strengthened.

Coordinates: 55.82981800,37.63172000

Geyser Fountain

The Geyser Fountain is the main fountain of Manezhnaya Square and the most important fountain of the capital. Every year, on April 30 at 17:00, a small performance takes place here, at the end of which the Mayor of Moscow pronounces the words “Turn on the fountains!” and pours water from a special crystal horn into the “Geyser” bowl, and the first jets rise towards him.

The fountain's jets shoot sharply upward, fall and shoot out again, like a volcano geyser. The fountain is the main thing of the entire fountain complex, which runs from the Alexander Garden to Manezhnaya Square. It was installed in 1996. Since that time, only the jet design has changed; initially the jets flew up in the form of transparent glasses.

The fountain, on Manezhnaya Square in Moscow, “Geyser”, includes a composition consisting of four horses in the center of the fountain - “Four Seasons”, each of the horses symbolizes certain time of the year. The sculptor of the entire composition is Zurab Tsereteli.

Coordinates: 55.75584600,37.61602900

Fountain "Pillars"

If you move from the side Kievsky railway station to Kutuzovsky Prospekt along Ukrainian Boulevard, then the first fountain that you will meet on the way is “Pillars”. The fountain is an irregularly shaped pool, from the water of which a series of powerful single jets shoot straight upward.

Fountain complex "Years of War"

The fountain complex, called “Years of War”, was opened in Moscow, on Poklonnaya Hill in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Victory in 1945. The complex consists of five fountains located along Kutuzovsky Prospekt and is part of the Victory Memorial, which includes a museum, an obelisk, a church and sculptural compositions.

An original solution is the red illumination of the fountain jets in the evening, which symbolizes the color of blood spilled on the battlefields. And the jets of the fountains installed opposite the Church of St. George the Victorious shoot out like a festive victory fireworks.

The entire fountain complex operates around the clock, maintenance of the facilities is carried out from a single place.

Coordinates: 55.72968400,37.51168000

Fountain "Music of Glory" in Kuzminki

The light and music fountain complex "Music of Glory" was opened on May 7, 2005 on the 60th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

According to the architects' idea, the fountain was built as a monument, similar memorial complex on Poklonnaya Gora. In one large octagonal bowl there is a whole complex of fountains, where the main components are the “Pyramid of Memory” and the “Victory Fanfare”.

In the center of the bowl there is an amphitheater made of pink granite - the “Victory Wreath”. The bottom of the bowl is divided into a black half and a white half.

On the black half there is a tetrahedral ten-meter “Pyramid of Memory” made of red granite. The four sides of the pyramid symbolize four years of war. The pyramid is washed by the water of the fountain, creating the feeling that the entire fountain is mourning for the fallen.

The "Victory Fanfare", located on the light half, consists of seven silver columns of different lengths, rushing into the sky and united by military flags. The height of the fanfare is about 21 meters. "Victory fanfare" symbolizes the music of victory over the fascist troops. Under the columns there is a white granite stone.

The fountain operates in two main modes - everyday and festive, which is accompanied by dynamic color and light-musical effects. Several scenarios have been developed for the holiday mode, including “Battle”, “Mourning”, “Victory Salute”, “War Waltzes”.

In the south-eastern district of the capital, the fountain is one of central places for walks of Muscovites.

Fountain "Youth"

Located almost opposite the Ukraine Hotel. In the center of the fountain there is a gilded sculpture by A. Burganov. The design is an elegant bowl with an openwork gilded bottom and water jets that directly create the image of the vessel itself. A tall gilded pillar emerging from the center of the bowl is crowned with a sculpture of a running girl. In the evening, the fountain is illuminated by decorative lighting.

Fountain "Adam and Eve"

The Adam and Eve fountain was opened in honor of the 860th anniversary of Moscow near the Novokuznetskaya metro station.

The sculptural composition was designed by a group of architects led by Viktor Simonikhin. The sculptor is Marina Levinskaya.

The fountain is a large bowl made of granite. At its center are Adam and Eve, who are sitting on a snake. Eve is holding an apple in her hands. Next to them is an openwork tree on which birds and insects, covered with gold leaf, sit. Water cascades into the bowl and to the sides. In the evenings, the stream of water is decorated with multi-colored lighting.

There is a flower garden around the fountain.

Coordinates: 55.74194600,37.62909600

Fountains on Poklonnaya Hill

The complex of fountains on Poklonnaya Hill is located in the west of Moscow. 5 fountains along Kutuzovsky Prospekt are called “Years of War”. It contains 15 fountain bowls, each of which has 15 vertical jets. Their total number symbolizes the 225 weeks that the Great Patriotic War lasted.

Fountain "World Clock"

The World Clock fountain is the main dome of the Okhotny Ryad underground shopping arcade. This is a watch with a unique dial, on which the names of cities are indicated. The glass dome rotates slowly and makes a full revolution in a day. You can use the clock to find out the time in major cities world with an accuracy of five minutes, hence the name of the fountain.

To determine the time using the World Clock, you need to know some subtleties. The rotating dome is divided into 24 sectors, which are the time zones of the Earth. The lower ring with numbers remains motionless. At what number the time zone intersects with the stationary panel, there are so many hours in this city now. And minutes can be determined by the lamps: one burning lamp means 5 minutes.

Coordinates: 55.75587500,37.61583800

Fountain "Cascades"

The various fountains of Ukrainian Boulevard make an indelible impression. Among them is the “Cascades” fountain, along the steps of which water smoothly flows into the pool located below. There is a balcony above the steps from where you can look at the flowing water.

Fountain Vitali

The Vitali Fountain is located on Theater Square. This is the oldest operating fountain in Moscow. It was opened in 1835 and was called Petrovsky - after the former name of Teatralnaya Square. According to the author - sculptor Ivan Vitali - 4 cupids are placed under the fountain bowl: Poetry, Tragedy, Comedy and Music. At that time, the fountain was not just a decoration. Due to the insufficient development of the capital's water supply, city residents collected water from it for their needs, and watered horses here.

Today the Vitali Fountain is an ancient monument and an interesting landmark of modern Moscow. The first winter LED lighting was installed on it. There are also many legends and rumors surrounding this object. According to one of them, it is believed that under the fountain there is an entrance to the secret Metro-2.

Coordinates: 55.75787500,37.61979500

Fountain "Stone Flower"

The "Stone Flower" fountain is truly a miracle of architecture; its amazing shapes were inspired by Bazhov's fairy tales. This beautiful fountain adorns Kolkhoz Square at VDNKh.

How does the fountain work?

Almost every person has encountered fountains in their life. But few people can explain how this device works. Most will say something like: “The water shoots up under pressure.” And this is generally a correct explanation, but too short. Let's try to figure it out.

Components of a fountain

Any product has two required elements:

A bowl that hides structural elements under a layer of water, and also to some extent performs the function of distributing water jets in different directions;

A pump that sprays water.

In addition, modern models, be it fountains in the courtyard country house or in a city park, they also have other structural elements:

A recharge system that ensures the required water level in the device;

A drainage system that allows water to be completely or partially drained; this element is especially important when preparing the product for winter;

A system of nozzles that are responsible for creating a water pattern;

Backlight;

Filters;

Transformer system and other devices for controlling pumps and lighting.

Closed system of fountain operation

Theoretically, fountains come in both closed and open types. But in the modern world, it is the closed ones who are most often found.

Their main feature is that the water in them moves in a circle, passing through a filter system, splashing, and then returning to the cycle again.

Now fountains in public gardens, products for private residences, and even home models are made like this, although they are most often connected to the water supply system. The main advantages of such models:

Easy to install, they require less complex connections and communications;

Saving water, which has a positive effect on both the environment in general and the owner’s expenses in particular;

Autonomy and independence;

Better price.

How the fountain works

Almost all fountains work on the same principle:

Water from the reservoir, which in most cases becomes a bowl, passes through filters, is cleaned and enters the pipe;

With the help of a pump, water is forced upward, passes through a system of pipes and sprinklers and exits out in the form of a pattern of jets conceived by the designer;

And finally she returns to the tank again.

For proper operation of the product, you need to choose the pump wisely; its power is directly related to the number and size of water jets.

Anyone might be interested in the answer to the question - “ how does the fountain work?", because today you can quite often find fountains not only in squares and parks, but also in country houses or just at home on the table. Today fountains are classified into static, sculptural, musical and color-dynamic, but also into indoor ones: floor and tabletop. Despite their widespread use, as well as the variety of shapes and sizes, fountains have almost the same method of operation.

How does the fountain work?

Conditionally fountain can be characterized by a device in which water gushing from a source (in Latin means fons), then falling into a bowl of a certain shape, flows back into a container container and is then used again. In other words, a fountain is a mechanism for the water cycle. The reservoir or container can be a real pond or some kind of container, skillfully hidden, mainly in the base of the sculpture. If the fountain is installed “on land”, then a fountain bowl is mounted under the base of the sculptural composition. The height of the fountain, in this case, directly depends on the size of the reservoir and water pressure. The shape or pattern of the fountain is determined by the nozzle, which shapes the flow of water and determines the appearance of the fountain.

In a closed circulation system, the water moves and rises up using a pump. It should also be mentioned that the water in the fountain is regularly updated, since the initial supply of water, after a certain period of time (due to evaporation of water and other factors), will not be enough for the fountain to fully operate.

By water supply method fountains can be divided into: circulation and flow . In circulation fountains, water flows through a closed, closed system. Flow-through fountains are distinguished by the fact that the water in them is constantly renewed. The main container or reservoir for circulation fountains is located at the bottom. This container, which varies in shape and size depending on the fountain, is often a decorative ceramic bowl. Water rises from the bowl using a pump. Then, having risen to the top, the water flows back down into the tank. As a result, circulation fountains do not require water outflow or water supply connections.
In flowing fountains, in which the water is constantly renewed, there is a reservoir into which the water flows and is discharged into the drain.

For fountains, submersible and surface pumps are used. Submersible pumps are used for ordinary simple fountains, and in the case of installing several fountains, with a certain height difference, surface pumps are required.

As seen, The mechanism of the fountains is not complicated, and if you trust the professionals, they will be able to install the fountain in such a way that the garden or room will be completely transformed, giving them majesty and beauty.

It is famous for many such structures that were built in estates and on the territory of palaces. But they began to decorate streets, parks, and boulevards with particular activity in the first half of the 20th century. Today there are 700 different water features in the capital. The fountain season in Moscow is from early spring to autumn.

The meaning of fountains

They have always played a big role in the lives of native Muscovites and guests of the capital. Some people remember their first date, which took place in a park near a fountain; others will never forget their wedding day near the magnificent cascade that can be seen on Poklonnaya Hill.

It is a pity that today we more often perceive this magnificence as a kind of device that tells us about the change of season. Turned off means winter is coming, turned on means summer is ahead. Preoccupied with our own problems, we run past these magnificent structures without appreciating their beauty. Let's stop running for a moment and look at some of the fountains that decorate our capital.

Fountain at the Bolshoi Theater

This grandiose monument is known not only to Muscovites, but to all residents of the former Soviet Union, but also to many citizens foreign countries. He is business card capital Cities.

It was built in 1835. The author of the project is I. Vitali, a famous sculptor at that time. His creation became the first public fountain in Moscow, although similar designs have been known since the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich. It was he who organized water fun in Kolomenskoye using “foreign wonders.”

They planned to place a fountain on this site at the beginning of 1940. V.I. Dolganov worked on the creation of the project, but all the plans of the city planners were destroyed by the war. This issue was returned to only after the Great Victory. In 1987, the fountain and square Bolshoi Theater were dismantled. The fountain was restored only ten years later. The opening was timed to coincide with the 850th anniversary of our capital. But this was a different fountain, developed in the workshop of the Mosproekt-2 company.

The fountain was placed on an improvised podium in the center of the round square. The composition consists of three bowls containing two types of vases. Spectacular night lighting with colorful lanterns adds to the theatricality of this magnificent water feature.

Today, many fountains operate in the capital. Moscow is proud of these unique structures, but the Bolshoi Theater had and remains to this day a special attitude towards the construction. Perhaps because our dear WWII veterans chose this place for meetings on the day of the Great Victory.

"Rusalka" on Myasnitskaya

The photos you see in our article are all very different. They were built in different time, were designed by different architects, but all of them are infinitely dear to the residents of the capital. Like, for example, the Rusalka fountain, located on Myasnitskaya Street. It is located in a small but cozy park near the Stroganov Art School.

Today there is no reliable information about who is the author and performer of the water maiden. This concrete sculpture in the center of the bowl is a body beautiful girl. It is beautifully curved. and the maiden's head are painted pink, blue and brown.

"The Rape of Europa"

The capital has very unusual and original fountains. Moscow received a composition called “The Rape of Europe” as a gift from the Belgian capital, Brussels. It was installed in 2002 near the Kievsky railway station. Its author is avant-garde sculptor Olivier Streble.

The composition of the fountain is based on the figure of a bull in the interweaving of 18-meter pipes. The figure of the kidnapped Europa among the water jets is not easy to see, although experts say that the image of the girl is still present in the composition. It is symbolized by artfully curved pipes, visualizing charm and femininity.

The structure, made of stainless steel pipes, is located in the granite bowl of the dynamic light fountain. Its diameter is 26 meters.

Singing fountains in Moscow

Probably, even native Muscovites have not seen all the water facilities that exist in their city. As we have already said, you can see a variety of fountains in the capital. Moscow treats old structures with care, many of which today are historical monuments.

However, the biggest interest is in water structures with special effects. every evening attracts not only tourists from all over the world, but also local residents. The largest such fountain is located in the Tsaritsyno nature reserve, where Empress Catherine II loved to relax.

It was opened in 2007. The fountain is located in a natural reservoir. Its diameter is 55 meters, depth is 1.5 meters. The design consists of 900 jets. The computer controls the direction of flowing water, changing colors, music, according to a pre-developed program. Two works by P. I. Tchaikovsky (“March” and “Waltz of the Flowers”) and two melodies by Paul Mauriat are used here. This beautiful fountain works only in the spring-summer season. During the rest of the year it is covered with a protective awning.

There is also a singing fountain in Gorky Park. To see its color effects, you need to come to the park at 22.30. The performance lasts 30 minutes.

In 2005, on the 60th anniversary of the victory in the Second World War, the Music of Glory fountain was installed on Glory Square near the Kuzminki metro station. This building was not created for entertainment, but as a monument.

Typically, the capital's fountains begin to work as soon as warm weather sets in. This happens in the last days of April. In 2014, the official opening of the fountain season took place on April 30. On this day, between 3 and 5 p.m., 45 of the city’s most beautiful water features began operating.

However, Moscow is famous for the fact that on its territory there are more than 500 fountains of different sizes and architecture.

There are 560 different fountains in Moscow.

The remaining architectural structures began their work a little later, as soon as they passed all checks and were completely ready for launch.

VDNKh, according to a long-established tradition, began to delight all tourists, city guests and residents of the capital with beautiful fountains a little earlier, namely: on April 11, one could see the launch of the water alley and the famous “Friendship of Peoples” fountain.

Every day at 8 am all Moscow fountains turn on and continue their work until the evening. The sound of the water stops only at 11 p.m., and on weekends holidays- by midnight. Therefore, despite a busy work schedule, everyone can always enjoy the view of their favorite fountains or relax nearby, breathing in the air filled with water spray, so unusual within the boundaries of a big city.

Some fountains can be seen around the clock, because... they do not interrupt their work. These are water features located on Poklonnaya Hill and Manezhnaya Square, as well as fountains near the Kievsky railway station and at the Kutuzovskaya interchange.

The most unusual fountains in Moscow

The unsurpassed and magnificent fountain “Friendship of Peoples” is worth seeing at least once for everyone who finds themselves in Moscow. It amazes with its size and lush gilded decoration. Jets of water, creating unusual patterns, fly into the air to a height of up to 24 meters.

By ear huge amount people "Alley of Fountains", located near exhibition center. About 1000 cubic meters of water circulates in a large number of beautiful fountains, which are included in the list of cultural monuments.

The capital's fountains are decorated with various lighting and musical accompaniment.

The fountain called “The Veil” is extremely popular during hot days. He is a large number of thin streams of code forming a vault. By walking under it, you can breathe freshness and cool down a little.