The longest city in the world by name. The longest city name in the world and in Russia

In the world there are a great many long, strange, sometimes even incomprehensible names of villages and cities, rivers and lakes, mountains and plains, and just names. All these names are generated by the human mind and imagination, the limits of which, as we know, do not exist. As an example of a flight of fancy and imagination, consider the names of some cities in the world and Russia.

In the world

On east coast The Chao Phray River, near its mouth, is one of the largest cities in Thailand with a population of five million. This is the capital of Thailand, Bangkok. However, the real name of this city sounds slightly different - Krung Tep, or City of Angels.

This city name, in terms of its length, is not impressive. The thing is that we use a name that is more concise and easier to pronounce. The historical name of Bangkok is completely different. In its native language it consists of 30 words and when translated it sounds something like this: “The City of Angels, impregnable and greatest, which is the residence of the emerald Buddha, the greatest of the capitals of the world, blessed with 9 centuries-old stones, decorated with majestic royal palaces, beautiful as a paradise. , ruled by the confidant of God, a city bestowed by Indra and rebuilt by Wissanukam."

Once upon a time, Bangkok was called the Venice of the East. This name was given to the city by ancient travelers who visited it about two hundred years ago. The name was not chosen by chance; at that time the city stood on the river bank, literally in the water. Soon, King Ram V ordered canals to be dug for drainage. This is how “water” streets appeared, making it look like Venice.

In the 19th century, these canals were filled with earth and turned into roads. The motivation for such changes was the fashion for self-propelled carriages, which dominated Europe at that time. The fashion was adopted by the Thai kings, who had the opportunity to visit this country and see, and then adopt, a fashionable innovation.

To this day, only a few neighborhoods have survived from the Venice of the East, most of which are inhabited by poor people living literally in shacks. Many of the shacks are attached to other houses and do not even have their own street address. However, here you can still see mansions surrounded by lush gardens, in which the descendants of noble people live to this day. The streets of the quarter are represented by canals, just like many years ago. They still serve as water supply and even sewage systems to this day. This ancient part of Bangkok is now of historical and cultural value and is included in tourist routes.

Modern Bangkok is a successfully developing city with a population of about 9 million people. Every year at two major airports Bangkok, Suvarnabhumi and Don Mueang attract thousands of tourists who want to explore its attractions. Bangkok is growing and developing rapidly, becoming a modern metropolis, but it manages to preserve traditional Asian culture. The city is rich in museums, ancient and newly built Buddha temples.

In Russia

Russia is also rich in cities with long names. Moreover, in our country there are long city names consisting of the same number of letters and even words, so choosing a record holder for the length of a city name is almost impossible. It would be more appropriate to compare the length of the names not of cities or villages, but settlements.

The record-breaking long name belongs to a small village located in the Zaraisky district of the Moscow region. It's about O Central estate of the state farm named after the 40th anniversary of the Great October Revolution. The village is part of the Mashonovskoye rural settlement. Now it is home to about 1,000 people.

It appeared in 1933 and was the Central estate of a state farm engaged in breeding pigs. At that time it was called Kaganovich, but in 1957 it was renamed. Nowadays in the village there is high school, House of Culture, kindergarten, a post office, a library and a dispensary, but the pig farm no longer exists there.

The longest name of a settlement consists of 27 characters and belongs to the village of Kremenchug-Konstantinovskoe. The village is located in Kabardino-Balkaria. Founded in 1885 by so-called settlers, originally from the Kremenchug province. They went to the Caucasus in search of better conditions for life. In the town of Kabarda, from a local prince named Inalov, they rented land on which they subsequently settled. The new settlers settled in separate hamlets, giving each a name derived from the name of the place from which they came. These names stuck and still exist, now as the names of the village districts.

The modern name, Kremenchug-Konstantinovskoe, appeared after the farms were united into a single settlement. Its name was based on the name of the farm of the first settlers - Kremenchug and the name of the settler founder - Konstantin. U local residents There is an unofficial short name for the village, Krem-Konstantinovka, or even shorter - Kremka.

There are two more villages in Russia that have record-breakingly long names. These are Verkhnenovokutlumbetyevo, which is in the Orenburg region, and Starokozmodemyanovskoye, located in the Tambov region. The names of these villages have exactly 23 letters and no hyphen.

Any settlement from a giant metropolis to a tiny village has a name and a history associated with it. Many of them were named after famous people, who made a noticeable contribution to the development of the local territory, others were named according to their characteristics local nature. There are also cities with names so long that it is not only impossible to pronounce them, but even to remember them. What is the longest name of the city?

1. Bangkok (Thailand)

The longest city name in the world, noted in the all-knowing Guinness Book of Records, contains 168 letters and consists of 20 words. Is it possible to write this on an envelope - well, if only in microfont. And use it somewhere in the digital world when registering?
This city is known throughout the world, but under a different, much shorter name - Bangkok. The people of Thailand themselves in everyday speech call their capital Krung Thep. As for its full official name, fixed in the middle XIX century, then it sounds in Russian transcription like this:
Krun Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahintarayutthaya Mahadilok Phop Nopparat Ratchathani Burirom Udomratchaniwet Mahasathan Amon Piman Avatan Sathit Sakkathattiya Vitsanukam Prasit.
This little “story” can be translated into Russian something like this:
The majestic city of heavenly angels, the settlement - the eternal diamond, the indestructible abode of the majestic god Indra, the greatest capital of the whole world, which was endowed with nine beautiful precious stones, happiest city, full of all kinds of benefits, unique Royal Palace- the divine cradle where the reborn almighty god sits, the city given to people by the great Indra and built by the inviolable Vishnukarn.
Now it is no longer possible to accurately interpret the meaning of the words used in the name of Bangkok, since many of them have fallen out of use and are not familiar to modern Thais. By the way, in Thai the name of the capital is shortened to 132 letters. Of course, it’s unlikely that any ordinary person will be able to pronounce it, so in Everyday life the name was shortened to Krung Thep. Local children are taught the full name in school, but they, just like Europeans, require translation into a modern language. The Thais even came up with a special song, the lyrics of which simply give the full name of the country's capital. It was specially invented to make it easier for the population to learn the name of the capital that occupies a paragraph.
As for the word “Bangkok”, which is used all over the world, it is most likely an abbreviation of the word “bangmakok”, which can be roughly translated as “wild olive village on the river”. For a very long time, ordinary Thais used this particular name, and it was this name that became entrenched among the international community, since it is easier for different peoples to pronounce.

2. Los Angeles (USA)

The next city with an indecently long name is located in the USA, which few people know, but it is well known throughout the world short name- Los Angeles.
His full name sounds like this: El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Angeles de Porzencula , which translated from Spanish means “Village of Our Lady, Queen of Heavenly Angels on the Porcenkula River.” It was originally a small village, but by 1820 it had grown so much that it became small town in the state of California. Currently, Los Angeles has become the most big city this state and the second most populous in the United States after New York. But the Americans did not stop at shortening the name of this city to Los Angeles, compressing it into two letters - LA, which is a little more than 3.5% of the length of the full name of the city. Despite this compression in area, it ranks first in the United States.
The first to pester local coast The Spaniard Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo became a European in 1542, and Gaspar de Portola came here next only in 1769, bringing here the Franciscan missionary Juan Crespi, who assessed this area as suitable for living. They set up a camp on the Porcencula River, calling it “El Rio de Noistra Señora la Reina de Los Angeles de Porcencula." A couple of years later, the French built the settlement of San Gabriel a few miles north, and 12 years later, the Spanish governor of California, Felipe de Neve, formally founded a settlement with a 63-letter name.

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3. Santa Fe (USA)

In the same United States, in the state of New Mexico, there is another city with a long name, of which only a short fragment remains in everyday use - Santa Fe. The full name of the city is: La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís , which in Spanish means "Royal City of the Holy Faith of St. Francis of Assisi."
Initially, there were several settlements in its place. The Spaniards made several unsuccessful attempts to seize these lands, until, in the end, a fairly large provincial town. Santa Fe is considered the second oldest city in the United States founded by colonists from the Old World that has survived to this day. Only St. Augustine (1565) from Florida is older.

4. Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky (Russia)

Surprisingly, in Russia there are several settlements with rather long names. Most often, such towns or villages are located in the northern regions. But the city with the longest name in Russia is located not in the north, but in the east of the country - this is Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky . Its name involves greatest number letters, although its population, on the contrary, is very modest - about 10,000 people.
Here it all started with a military post, which later became a place of settlement for dangerous criminals. Until 1926, this settlement was called Alexander Post in honor of Emperor Alexander II. In different historical periods he was administrative center Sakhalin. Since 1926, in the name of the city, a reference to its location was added to the original name, and this is how Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky turned out.

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5. Freixo de Espada à Cinta (Portugal)

This Portuguese city with a rather long name is located in the wine region, it is famous for its beautiful almond trees blooming in spring. Translated from Portuguese, the name of the city means “ash tree girded with a sword” and there are different hypotheses regarding its origin.
Some believe that the city was named after a certain medieval aristocrat Espada Cinta, others pay attention to the coat of arms, which depicts a tree with a sword. This is consistent with the version about the Portuguese king who founded this city in the 14th century, who decided to take a nap under an ash tree, so he took off his sword and hung it on the branches of a tree.

6. Truth or Consequences (USA)

IN American state New Mexico has another city with a very fancy name. Truth or Consequences , which means “truth or consequences.” It was formerly known as Hot Springs, but was renamed in 1950 as part of a promotion to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the successful NBC game show. To this day, the city continues to celebrate this holiday on April 1, and on the first weekend of May it holds a fiesta in honor of Ralph Edwards. It is located between the cities of Las Cruces and Albuquerque. Nearby, private companies Space X and Virgin Galactic launch their spacecraft. Only about 7,300 people live in this water-climatic resort.

7. Fuerstenfeldbruck (Germany)

German nouns are famous for their length, which is why such long city names arise here. In the Russian version, the name of the city sounds like Fürstenfeldbruck . Approximately 35,000 people live in this pretty German town, and it is located in the south of Bavaria, in the Five Lakes region. There are many ancient buildings here, for example, a former monastery, which was built by King Ludwig II of Bavaria in 1263.
The word Furstenfeldbruck consists of three words: “furstenfeld” - “princely field” and “bruck” - “bridge”. There was a market for a long time near the bridge over the Ampere River, since the city lay on a busy trade route. After the final decision on the fate of the monastery in 1803, the city received the opportunity for further development. It received city status only in 1935. Now in this modern city The infrastructure is well developed, there are enterprises representing several industries.

Every huge metropolis and small village has its own unique story titles. Some settlements were named after famous people who contributed to the development of that area. Others received names related to picturesque nature region. But there are some of the longest names of places in the world that you won’t be able to pronounce the first time.

Russian record holders

In Russia, there are several settlements with long names. These are mainly villages and towns located in the northern part of the territory Russian Federation. The longest name of a city in Russia is Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky, located on Sakhalin Island. This city has the most letters in its name, but its population is extremely small (does not exceed ten thousand people).

Initially, there was a military post in its place. Later the city became a place of exile for dangerous criminals. Until 1926, the city with the longest name was called Alexander Post (it was named after one of the Russian emperors). Afterwards the city was designated as the administrative center Sakhalin region, therefore it was renamed Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky. This name retained the original name of the settlement and added an indication of its location.

Longest town name in England

Llanwyre Pwllgwyngill is famous throughout the world. Many local residents love to argue with visiting tourists over the fact that travelers will not be able to clearly and correctly pronounce its entire name right away due to the specifics of the local language. Llanvair Pwllgwyngill is located in Wells, UK. Anyone who manages to pronounce the longest name of the city without hesitation can safely be hired as a television announcer.

But this area also has an unofficial, longer name - Llanwirepullguingillgogerihuirndrobullllantysiliogogogoch. The name itself can be translated from Welsh (the indigenous language of the local residents) as “The Church of St. Mary in the vicinity of a mighty hazel tree near the great whirlpool and the Church of St. Tisilio near the bloody cave.” This place is also famous for the fact that the sign on the only railway station is the most famous and visited place in the country.

Longest city name in the world

Bangkok is considered the record holder for the number of letters in its name (the city is even listed in the Guinness Book of Records). And immediately this version may seem implausible, because the word “Bangkok” has only seven letters. But this is only an abbreviated version, which is adopted for ease of pronunciation. The longest name of the city is: Krun Thep Mahanahon Amon Ratanakosin Mahintarayuthaya Mahadlok Phop Noparat Rachatani Burirom Udomratchaniwe Mahasatan Amon Piman Avata Sati Sakathattiya Vitsanukam Prasit.

And it can be translated from the local language something like this: “The city of heavenly angels, the majestic city, the settlement - the eternal diamond, the indestructible settlement of the majestic god Indra, the great capital in the whole world, which was endowed with nine beautiful precious stones, the happiest city, full of all kinds of blessings, the unique Royal A palace representing a divine cradle where the reborn almighty god sits, a city received by people from the great Indra and erected by the inviolable Vishnukarn.” But it is difficult to accurately interpret the meaning of the words in the name of this capital, since many words are outdated, and this moment are not used by modern Thais.

Los Angeles

Immediately behind these record holders is another city, which everyone is accustomed to calling by a shorter name. It is located in the United States of America and is better known as Los Angeles. Although the longest name of the city is pronounced like this: El Pueblo De Nustra Señora La Reina De Los Angeles De La Porcinkula.

This means "The village of the immaculate Virgin Mary, Queen of heavenly Angels, on the Porsyunkula River." Initially, this name was given to a small village, but in 1820 the area grew, becoming a small town in the state of California. At the moment, the city is the largest in terms of population in the state and the second in the country.

Santa Fe

Another one follows Los Angeles. American city- Santa Fe. As in previous cases, this is just a familiar abbreviated name. The true name is pronounced like this: Willa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asis. The settlement is located in the state of New Mexico. His unusual name can be translated this way: “Royal City of the Sacred Faith of St. Francis of Assisi.” Previously, several villages were located in its place. After several unsuccessful attempts to conquer these lands, a fairly large provincial town was located here.

History in city names

The history of various cities is quite interesting, but even more interesting are their unusual, intriguing names. Such facts easily attract curious tourists from all over the world. Of course, despite the fact that the desire to travel appeared quite a long time ago, such names were not given with the aim of attracting anyone. They were given in honor of holy martyrs, famous personalities, reigning persons and other famous people and characters.

But the fact remains that they have survived to this day, and now many are trying to get to know these cities more deeply, to understand why such a name was given. This is quite a fascinating and amazing process that anyone can join.

If some cities have strange and sometimes very funny names, then we will talk about others. Before pronouncing the names of the following cities, you need to draw as much air into your lungs as possible. And some of them can hardly be said in one breath.

So here is the next top 5 most long names. And we'll start in descending order.

This is the name of a city located in the north of Scotland. It can be translated as follows: “The Church of St. Mary, located in the hazel tree, near the rapid whirlpool near the red cave.” Logical and easy, right?

This is not a city, but a lake. However, we decided to include it on our list. It is located in the United States. This title can be translated as "Englishman fishing, near the border with Manchaug"

3rd place – United Townships of Dysart, Dudley, Harcourt, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde

This small town, which stands out so much by its name, is located in Canada. It seems that officials were never able to decide on its final name, and it remained in the discussion phase.

This city with a wonderful name is located in New Zealand. In the Maori language we can translate it as "The place where Tamatea, the man with the big knees, who slid, then rose and swallowed the mountains, the eater of the earth, played the flute here for his beloved." It sounds more like a short story than the name of a city.

1st place – Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahinthara Yuthaya Mahadilok Phop Noppharat Ratchathani Burirom Udomratchaniwet Mahasathan Amon Piman Awatan Sathit Sakkathattiya Witsanukam Prasit

This is an unimaginably long name of a city in Thailand. We translate it very simply - Bangkok!

The longest word in the world June 21st, 2017

Longest official name- a 305-meter-high hill located in New Zealand.

Mamihlapinatapai (sometimes spelled mamihlapinatapei) is a word from the language of the Yagan tribe ( Tierra del Fuego). It is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the "most compressed word" and considered one of the most difficult words to translate.

Mamihlapinatapai means " A look between two people that expresses the desire of each that the other will initiate what both want, but neither wants to be the first».

And here's what world's longest word?

The full chemical name of the largest protein contains 189,819 letters and is considered the longest word in any language.

Titin, also known as connectin, is a giant protein consisting of 244 individually folded protein regions connected by an unstructured peptide sequence.

In addition, the titin gene contains the largest number of exons, 363, found in a single gene.

Titin plays an important role in the contraction of striated muscle tissue, but it is best known by its technical name, which is considered the longest word in any language in the world.

The name "titin" is borrowed from the Greek word "titan" (giant deity, something big size). The chemical name starts with methionyl...and ends with...isoleucine.

The full name of the largest protein would take up a lot of space in this post, but you

If you really want to hear what the longest word in the world sounds like, you can watch the video, which takes almost 3.5 hours to fully pronounce this name.

Interestingly, you won’t even see the full chemical name of titin in dictionaries, since dictionary compilers consider the names of chemical compounds to be a verbal formula, not a word. But no matter what you call it: a word, a formula or a whole story, it is extremely long.

The longest word in the Russian language has not yet been determined for a number of reasons. Theoretically, one of these words could be the adjectiveahydropyridopyridine, consisting of 55 letters. But will such a choice of winner be fair, because in analytical, let’s say, chemistry, the names of substances can be constructed according to a certain scheme and sometimes reach downright cosmic values.

Another frequently cited example is the construction of a word by adding the prefix right-. Its quantity can be unlimited, therefore, there will be plenty of letters in such a word.

Various words that contain a numeral and denote any value are also popular - one thousand eight hundred seventy-nine centimeters, or built like eighty-four years old. To indicate the age of, for example, the Earth. So there are countless possibilities for word creation. You can combine the options for quite a long time, because, as we know, there are a lot of natural numbers. That is, you can ask yourself to express the diameter of the Earth in millimeters, and you can only imagine how many letters there will be in this newborn word. In view of this, the task of finding the longest word in the Russian language, alas, will not be crowned with success. Moreover, most of these words seem almost like monsters to the average person, and are not used at all in ordinary speech. Only on a local scale. That is, it is quite possible to find the longest word among parts of speech, for example, verbs or nouns.

Some difficulties are also created by the lack of agreement on whether different word forms can be used. So, for example, in the Guinness Book of Records in 1993, the longest word was the word X-ray electrocardiographic (33 letters), in the 2003 edition - highly considerate (35 letters). In the first case, an analogue of the word could be used - ente(42 letters). Disputes arose, naturally, due to the fact that, as we can see, in the first case the word was used in the genitive case, and in the second the spelling, for example, in the same case, would be longer by a letter. In general, the record-breaking words were never worthy of recognition, because the information is quite subjective and cannot be confirmed.

How do you like this longest abbreviation? (56 characters)

NIIOMTPLABOPARMBETZHELBETRABSBORMONNIMONKO H-OTDTECHSTROMONT

Research laboratory of operations for concrete reinforcement and reinforced concrete work for the construction of prefabricated monolithic and monolithic structures of the technology department of the construction and installation department of the Academy of Construction and Architecture of the USSR. That is, you can imagine how the employees of this organization answered the question about work.

Now let's talk about the very best of their kind.

Longest adjective with a hyphen: agricultural engineering (38 letters).
The longest nouns with a hyphen are: uprooter-bulldozer-loader and animate-inanimate (31 letters).
The longest noun without a hyphen: water-mud-peat-paraffin treatment (29 letters).
Longest adjective without a hyphen: electrophotosemiconductor (28 letters). These data are kindly provided by the spelling dictionary of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
The grammatical dictionary of A.A. Zaliznyak, published in 2003, believes that: the longest (in letters) common noun lexeme in dictionary form is the adjective private entrepreneur (25 letters; word forms in -ogo and -imi - 26 letters).

The longest verbs are to re-examine, to substantiate and to internationalize (all - 24 letters; the participles formed from them with the ending -uyuschie and gerunds ending -ovavshisya - 25 letters each). The first time I couldn’t even immediately imagine the meaning of the second word...

The longest nouns are misanthropy and eminence (24 letters each; word forms in -ami - 26 letters each)
The longest animate nouns are eleventh-grader (20 letters) and clerk (21 letters), word forms in -ami are 22 and 23 letters, respectively.

The longest adverb recorded by the dictionary is unsatisfactory (19 letters). We should not forget that the overwhelming majority of qualitative adjectives ending in -y and -iy form adverbs in -о, -е or -и, which are not always recorded in the dictionary.

The longest interjection included in the dictionary is the slightly rude fizkult-hello (14 letters).

The word accordingly (14 letters) is also the longest preposition. The longest particle is exclusively a letter shorter.

But in addition to long, little-known and highly specialized words, there are also champions in literature, for example, the word for good consideration, which Nikolai Leskov used in the story “Hare Remise”. The most interesting thing is that no one knows the true meaning, it is quite likely that the author himself invented it . But probably everyone can imagine its meaning.

Our language hides a lot of interesting things, and I think the number of record-breaking words does not in any way affect the power and beauty of our Russian speech. While collecting information for this article, I learned an incredible number of interesting things. And for some reason I remembered that when I was seven years old I thought that the word electrosynchrophasotron was, well, the longest one, and Staroportofrankovskaya Street was generally something out of science fiction. Beliefs change...And most importantly, language is not something static, and is daily replenished with neologisms; he lives, is reborn, and it is unknown how long the champion word can become. Although, judging by the current desire of young people to shorten the word beyond recognition, it is still unknown who will win...

And when I was studying at the institute, there was a student in our group who considered his last name to be the longest in Russia - Skorobogatko - 13 letters, who has more?