Peter and Paul Fortress, self-guided tour. Map of the Peter and Paul Fortress
When planning a trip to St. Petersburg, you should definitely set aside a few hours for a visit Peter and Paul Fortress, a kind of heart of the city. It is located on Zayachy Island, at the point where the Neva divides into three separate branches. The fortress was built more than three hundred years ago, by order of Emperor Peter I. Since then, new buildings have appeared here every few decades. Nowadays, it is difficult to understand this museum complex without a plan diagram of the Peter and Paul Fortress, which clearly displays all its attractions. We will use this during our discussion.
Fortress layout
Looking at the diagram of the Peter and Paul Fortress, you can see that the complex’s shape will almost repeat the outline of Hare Island. In the corners there are six of its bastions, interconnected by walls (they are called curtains).
In the eastern part of the fortress stands the front Peter's Gate. Their very name suggests that the first Russian emperor ordered them to be built.
The triangular ravellines protecting the fortress from the east and west were built much later, but fit harmoniously into the overall plan of the buildings.
It’s hard not to pay attention to the golden spire of the bell tower of the Peter and Paul Cathedral, clearly visible in the center of the diagram. Without exaggeration, we can say that the cathedral is the center of the entire complex of the ancient fortress.
The heart of the legendary city
Back in 1703, Emperor Peter I, concerned about the safety of the state waging war with the Swedes, ordered the laying of new fortress on Hare Island. The history of the great city of St. Petersburg begins with this building. In that same year, a connecting island with a populated area was built.
At first it was not planned to build a fortress out of stone; it was difficult and expensive; construction was carried out from logs and earth. However, after several powerful floods of the Neva, part of the fragile earthen ramparts was destroyed.
Along with the fortress, the construction of the famous Peter and Paul Cathedral began, although at that time it was a small wooden church.
Immediately after the completion of the construction of the wooden fortress, it was decided to strengthen it in stone. Reconstruction began in 1706 from the northern part of the building, the most vulnerable in those days. In 1708, the first stone of the second Trubetskoy bastion was laid.
After the victory over the Swedes, the need for a fortified structure disappeared, but its construction and reorganization continued. And today, on the diagram of the Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, you can see the buildings founded by Peter I.
Senate and prison
After the official transfer of the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg, the Senate began to work within the walls of the Peter and Paul Fortress.
In subsequent years, the Mint, the Commandant's House and many other buildings were built on government territory.
Unfortunately, back in 1715, the Peter and Paul Fortress began to be used as a prison for holding political prisoners. This sad story lasted for centuries. It was here that the disgraced Tsarevich Alexei, son of Peter I, died in captivity in 1718. The verdict on the Decembrists was announced in the Commandant's House. Among the numerous prisoners, A. N. Radishchev and N. A. Chernyshevsky are known.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the Peter and Paul Fortress complex became accessible to visitors for the first time. Since then Historical building has turned into a large museum complex, which would not take a whole day to explore.
Romanov family tomb
If you look at the diagram of the Peter and Paul Fortress from above, a building with a high golden spire stands out. The building is considered the same age hometown. This is the famous Peter and Paul Cathedral, in which almost all Russian emperors have found peace since 1725.
When the reconstruction of the first wooden fortress began, changes also affected the church named after the famous apostles Peter and Paul, also built from logs. Beautiful Cathedral fully met the ideas of Emperor Peter I about the splendor of the new Russian capital.
On the diagram of the Peter and Paul Fortress, next to the majestic cathedral, one can see the building of the Grand Ducal Tomb, intended for the burial of uncrowned members of the Romanov family. The building was constructed at the beginning of the 20th century and before the start of the 1917 revolution.
Here it is worth paying attention to the incomparable mosaic icons of the Mother of God, made in Frolov’s workshop. And, of course, the majestic image of the Kazan Mother of God, located high on the facade of the building. It is believed that he has been protecting the city on the Neva since the time of its first emperor.
House for the glorious ship
There is another interesting attraction that always attracts tourists in the Peter and Paul Fortress. On the diagram of the fortress with signatures it stands out unusual name- Botny house. The very idea of building a building to store a small wooden ship seems a little strange these days, but this idea of Emperor Peter I paid off.
The boat itself is a small sailing and rowing vessel, on which young Peter made his first voyages on Lake Pereyaslavl. The Emperor believed that it was with him that the glorious history of the Russian fleet began.
In 1723, the boat was solemnly transported from Moscow to the Northern capital. And about forty years later, instead of a shed, a pavilion for its storage was built, called the Bot House.
Nowadays, the building hosts exhibitions dedicated to the history of St. Petersburg. Since 1931, the ship itself has become part of the exhibition of the Central Naval Museum, and its exact copy, albeit slightly smaller, is exhibited in the Boat House.
Walk along the walls of the fortress
On a clear sunny day, you should not spare a small amount for the entrance ticket and take a walk along the walls of the fortress. According to reviews local residents, from here you have the best panoramic view of historical Center St. Petersburg and the majestic Neva.
Based on the schematic map of the Peter and Paul Fortress, it is possible to determine that this route runs from the Gosudarev to Naryshkin bastions. You will have to walk on wooden walkways, which also adds some color.
Every day at exactly noon a shot is heard from a cannon located on the bastion of the fortress. Impressions guaranteed!
Da Vinci apparatus and space suits
The territory of the fortress is quite large, and there are several interesting exhibitions on it all the time.
For example, history buffs will be interested in the permanent exhibition “The Secrets of Da Vinci,” which presents models of many of the great master’s inventions. Children can't get enough of the life-size cannons and catapults. There is also a huge model of a tank covered in wood, armed with several guns. Guests of the exhibition disappear for a long time in a large mirrored room, where you can take very funny photographs.
And fans of modern technology should visit the Museum of Cosmonautics and Rocket Inventions named after. V. P. Glushko, located in Ioannovsky ravelin. Based on the diagram, it will not be at all difficult to find it in the Peter and Paul Fortress. Here you can see models of the first artificial satellites and an exact replica of the ISS on a scale of 1:50.
Don't forget to take a photo next to the Comet lander, which flew into space in 1991. Now it flaunts in front of the museum entrance.
When visiting the Peter and Paul Fortress, you have the opportunity to buy single ticket for five excursions. According to reviews, it is possible to get around them in only two days. Therefore, it is better to choose individual interesting exhibitions and spend more time there. And in good weather you can sign up for sightseeing tour "North Venice"and admire the wonderful views of the fortress from the Neva.
In the territory museum complex There are more than eighteen attractions that are displayed on the diagram of the Peter and Paul Fortress. You can also walk along the walls of the structure, enjoy the sun’s rays on the pier and take pictures against the backdrop of the Petrovsky Gate, built more than three hundred years ago.
From the time of its founding and at least until the 1930s, St. Petersburg was the flagship of Russian industry. In the capital of the empire, both giant factories and shipyards were concentrated, as well as factories that provided the needs of one of the largest cities the world of that time. In essence, St. Petersburg was an entire industrial region worthy of the Urals and Donbass. And to explore its ancient industrial zones these days you need at least three days. I open the cycle about old industrial St. Petersburg (continuation of the cycle about old industrial Moscow) with a post about the Peter and Paul Fortress, where, in addition to well-known sights, there is also one of the oldest St. Petersburg factories - the Mint, which is also still in operation.
I think there is no particular point in telling the story of the Peter and Paul Fortress, this St. Petersburg Kremlin. The heart of the city, founded on May 27, 1703 (that is, exactly 300 years before the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg) on Hare Island, almost opposite Winter Palace.
As you know, the best fortress is the one that no one even tries to take. Likewise, the Peter and Paul Fortress has not fired a single combat shot in its history - but the Midday Shot has been fired every day since 1864 (not counting the break in 1934-57) from here (in 1730-1864 - from the Admiralty). In 1712-33 Trezzini built the Peter and Paul Cathedral, which became the tomb of the emperors until the Soviet era tallest building Russia (121m). Since the 18th century, the main political prison of the country was here, where the Decembrists, Narodnaya Volya, Dostoevsky and many others stayed. Well, since 1724, a mint has been continuously operating in the fortress, the black chimney of which can be seen in the frame above.
Well, simply Peter and Paul Fortress is the main dominant feature of the St. Petersburg landscape. Of the “big three” St. Petersburg cathedrals, the Peter and Paul Cathedral seems to me the most beautiful.
The plan of the Peter and Paul Fortress is also probably known to everyone. 6 bastions connected by curtains, two ravelins outside (Alekseevsky in the west and Ioannovsky in the east), in the center is the Peter and Paul Cathedral. A classic included in school history textbooks. Mint - in the western part of the fortress:
This is how the walls and bastions look from the outside - granite cladding on the Neva side appeared only in 1779-85, while on the Petrogradka side the walls remained pristine red brick. It seems that I have already grown to that level of creepiness when granite seems vulgar, but brick seems correct:
The courtyard between the Trubetskoy bastion and the Alekseevsky ravelin - the most terrible places in the fortress, the old political prisons. The roofs and chimney of the mint protrude from behind the bastion, and moreover, in the 18th century, the Trubetskoy bastion was the mint until a separate building was built in 1796-1805.
More precisely, the chain of metamorphoses was somewhat more complicated: before the Mint moved to St. Petersburg, the prison was in the Trubetskoy Bastion, where Tsarevich Alexei was imprisoned (1718). Then the bastion became a mint, the fortress briefly lost its prison functions, until a new prison was built in Alekseevsky ravelin in 1769. The current building dates back to 1797, and its cells remember the Decembrists, Narodnaya Volya, and even Dostoevsky himself. In 1825, the prison was “reborn” in the Trubetskoy Bastion, where it operated before the revolution (since the 1870s - as a pre-trial detention center). From Alekseevsky the prison was moved to Shlisselburg in 1884.
In addition to the prison, ruins of the walls have also been preserved. I don’t know when they were killed like that and by whom, but I really want to believe that they weren’t modern “restorers”:
As you can see, the lighting is twilight. I came to Petropavlovka after its official closing (at 21:00), but it so happened that on that very day there was some kind of hitch, the gates were not locked on time, and I turned out to be not the only one so smart, and the fortress was overcrowded at an inopportune time tourists. While they were caught and driven out, I managed to inspect everything I had planned and even a little more. I entered through the Ioannovsky Gate (1740) on east side Hare Island:
Lanterns with a double-headed eagle on the bridge and an angel on the Peter and Paul Cathedral:
A hare on one of the piles, as if hinting at the name of the island:
John's Gate, view from the inside. We are behind the Ioannovsky ravelin. Blood-red brick walls are the main background inside the fortress:
Ioannovsky ravelin was initially separated from the fortress in the same way as Alekseevsky, but it was greatly rebuilt in the 1890s. The fortress moat was filled in, which is now reminiscent of the botardo (the walls that separated the moat from the river), new buildings appeared, one of which in the 1930s belonged to the Gas Dynamics Laboratory - one of the first Soviet design bureaus involved in the development of a rocket engine.
Particularly impressive are the “living” double-headed eagle and the bas-relief “The Overthrow of Simon-Volkhov by the Apostle Peter,” which means “The Overthrow of Sweden by Emperor Peter.”
External gates and bridge entrances are locked at 23:00, and these gates are locked at 21:00. That is, according to the schedule, I shouldn’t have been here, but sometimes I’m still very lucky. At dusk I entered the fortress courtyard and climbed one of the curtains:
There is a route "Nevskaya Panorama", which is actually paid, but the cashier left on schedule.
The views from the curtains to the Neva and the houses behind it, and to the fortress itself, are magnificent. They impressed me beyond words back in 2004, when I was in St. Petersburg for the first time. You can make a separate post on them, but I will limit myself to this view - in one frame there are three masterpieces of world significance - the Winter Palace, Saint Isaac's Cathedral and the Admiralty. Little known fact, but the latter is also one of the St. Petersburg Molochs - after all, Peter the Great founded it as a shipyard that operated until 1844 (the current building was built in 1823) - wooden sailing ships were built between the “wings” of the Admiralty:
Inside the fortress there is the Engineering House (1748-49, on the right) and the Printing House (that is, the printing house, inside the corresponding museum):
Chimneys of the Engineering House:
Behind the trees is the Petrograd Mosque, one of the most interesting buildings in St. Petersburg, built in 1909-13 with the participation of Bukhara masters (although the blue ribbed domes are the signature style not of Bukhara, but of its eternal rival Samarkand):
Ahead is the main bastion in the Naryshkin fortress, protruding towards the Neva and crowned with the Flag Tower (1731). The flag here, until Soviet times, was raised every day at dawn and lowered at sunset, but now it is on the tower continuously. This is also where the noon cannon fires. In the background - Kunstkamera, arrow Vasilyevsky Island and cranes of a distant port:
Here the Neva Panorama ends:
Below - Nevsky Gate (1780) above the Commandant's pier (1762-67), before the construction of the Petrograd side at the beginning of the twentieth century - the main entrance to the fortress:
Courtyard of the Naryshkin Bastion with cannons. There was a staircase leading up there from above, which I wanted to go down, but a guard blocked my path and said that the fortress was already closed. Considering that there were crowds of tourists around, this sounded strange, to say the least, so we had to take a detour to get to the courtyard:
But from the bastion I photographed excellent views of the Mint - a working factory inside the fortress, the current buildings of which were built in 1796-1805:
In general, the history of Mints in Russia is quite confusing. The first of them began to operate under Ivan the Terrible (by European standards - a rather late date) in Moscow, survived several reincarnations, and in general the coins of medieval Russia were “famous” for their disgusting quality. At the end of the 17th century, Peter the Great organized a new one, the building of which is in the courtyard Historical Museum has survived to this day. In 1724, the court was transferred to St. Petersburg, but for the next 150 years, the coin was minted by several courts throughout the country, with the largest being. The heyday of the St. Petersburg court occurred in the years 1874-1942, when it became the only producer of Russian and Soviet coins - until the evacuation to Krasnokamsk, where the production of orders and medals operated during the war. At the same time, a new mint was urgently built in Moscow, and by the end of the 20th century it was this mint that greatly displaced its St. Petersburg counterpart.
Nowadays, ordinary coins are mainly minted in Moscow, and St. Petersburg specializes in orders, medals, and commemorative coins. And now this is one of the most integral enterprises in Russia - almost three hundred years of almost continuous work, and more than two hundred - in the same building.
I walk towards the Mint past the curtain with the “Neva Panorama” and the Engineering House:
I even managed to buy into this museum sign and think that the main street Petropalovka is called exactly this:
Neva Gate, view from the inside. A couple of minutes later, the police noisily kicked out a tourist:
It was possible to go straight past the gate, but I turned towards the Peter and Paul Cathedral past the Commandant's House (1743-46). The heart of the fortress, where the commandant lived with his family (appointed by the emperor himself), and here was the administration of the prisons and the trial chamber, which most historical prisoners passed through.
The Grand Ducal tomb (1896-1908) in the backyard of the Peter and Paul Cathedral, which in turn is the imperial tomb:
The central square of the fortress and the cathedral, incredibly high. Its spire remains the tallest building in St. Petersburg, and in all of Russia there are only two dozen skyscrapers taller, as well as pipes, television towers and communications towers. “Not in the Russian way, piercingly tall...” - that’s what Alexei Tolstoy said about him at the beginning of “Walking Through Torment,” describing the atmosphere of feverish pre-revolutionary St. Petersburg.
At the foot of the cathedral is the Boat House (1762), where until 1928 the famous “Grandfather of the Russian Navy” and the boat “St. Nicholas” were kept, found in 1688 by Peter the Great in the palace barn (now in the Naval Museum on the Spit of Vasilievsky Island).
Details of the cathedral - the restoration of the rotunda was completed quite recently, and without the ugly cocoon the fortress is much more beautiful:
And opposite the cathedral is the building of the Mint by Antonio Porto:
True, the main building was in the woods, so I’m giving a photo from Wikipedia. The St. Petersburg Mint is considered a masterpiece of Russian classicism in industrial architecture:
I decided to go around the circle and headed along a deserted street between the curtain and the workshops, towards the Trubetskoy bastion:
It is quite possible that behind this tree you can see the oldest factory chimney in Russia - although now chimneys have become almost synonymous with the industrial landscape, they began to be built only at the end of the 18th century, when ordinary chimneys could no longer cope with the volume of factory emissions. I couldn’t find any information about the oldest pipe in Russia, but most likely it is located in St. Petersburg, where they saved much less on factory buildings than in distant industrial areas:
Opposite is a very beautiful chimney of the Trubetskoy bastion. As already mentioned, in 1724-1805 the Mint itself was located here. The exhibition inside now tells about the prison and its historical prisoners; I examined it in 2004, and it was one of the strongest impressions of old St. Petersburg.
Between the courtyard and the ravelins. The pipe in front is no older than the late 19th century, but rather even the 1920s. I think it puzzles many tourists; at least in 2004, I was very surprised by its presence here.
Moreover, on the street there is a characteristic factory hum, light is visible in the windows. The windows are covered with very dense bars, through one of which I still tried to photograph the insides of the Mint - everything there is very modern:
Then I walked around the circle, passed the security guard who was looking at me with puzzlement, and found myself at the locked gate. Fortunately, there was also some museum worker nearby, for whom the security opened the gate. They verbally scolded me, and I apologized: “I see tourists wandering around, so I think it’s open!” In general, being locked up for the night in the Peter and Paul Fortress would be very strong!
Well, in the next episodes I will show places where tourists rarely go - the Kirov Plant, Porokhovye on Okhta, the many kilometers of old industrial zones of the Obvodny Canal and Obukhovskaya Defense Avenue, the industrial suburb of Kolpino. Brace yourself, the story about old industrial St. Petersburg will be very long!
CAPITAL MOLOKHI-2011
Moscow
The Peter and Paul Fortress is the historical center of St. Petersburg, located on Hare Island.
Peter-Pavel's Fortress founded on May 16, 1703 according to the plan of Peter I. Initially, the fortress was called Zankht-Peter-Burkh, in 1914-1917 - Petrograd Fortress.
The plan of Peter I implied the presence of 6 bastions connected by curtains, 2 ravelins and a crownwork (originally wood and earthen, in the 30s-40s and 80s of the 18th century, covered with stone).
In 1703, Hare Island was connected to the Petrograd side by the Ioannovsky Bridge.
There are animals like these on the island)
The Peter and Paul Fortress was never used for its intended purpose. It functioned as a prison for political prisoners.
On November 8, 1925, the Leningrad Council decided to destroy the Peter and Paul Fortress and build a stadium in its place. The decision was soon reversed.
The Peter and Paul Fortress has its prototype - the Novodvinsk Fortress at the mouth of the Northern Dvina, near Arkhangelsk. It was built by Peter I a year earlier - in 1702. Today there is practically nothing left of it
The Peter and Paul Fortress is a historically unique defensive structure with extraterritorial supporting defensive points
Today the Peter and Paul Fortress is part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg. From the Naryshkin bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress, a signal cannon is fired at midday every day.
In 1991, on the territory Peter and Paul Fortress A monument to Peter the Great by sculptor Mikhail Shemyakin was erected. Ugly monument))
Since the beginning of the 21st century, various entertainment events have been held on the beach of the Peter and Paul Fortress.
I will simply list the main attractions of the fortress, sometimes with brief description– otherwise the article will be too long and boring =) So, on the territory of the Peter and Paul Fortress there are:
Kronverkskie
Nikolskie
Petrovsky
Eagle close up
I couldn’t find a photo of the Vasilievsky Gate
Bastions Peter and Paul Fortress:
Gosudarev
Naryshkin
Menshikov
Trubetskoy
I couldn’t find a photo of Golovkin’s bastion)
Ravelins:
Alekseevsky
Ioannovsky
Vasilyevskaya
Ekaterininskaya
Kronverkskaya
Nikolskaya
Petrovskaya
Engineering structures:
Nevskaya (Komendantskaya) pier
Kronverksky Canal Peter and Paul Fortress
1. Peter and Paul Fortress - the heart of St. Petersburg, the point where the history of the city began on May 16, 1703. This is how it looks from the spit of Vasilyevsky Island.
2. The fortress is located on the island of Lust-holm, which means Cheerful Island in Swedish. 
3. Finnish name islands - Janissaari, which means Hare. In honor of this, among the water of the channel separating the island from the land, a figurine of a hare is installed on a wooden pile, attacked by tourists with the help of coins. 
4. The first thing a visitor sees when entering the island via one of the two bridges, Ioannovsky, is the so-called “Small Beach”, where townspeople sunbathe on the grass. Swimming in this place is not recommended. 
5. From the rear, the fortress is covered by a crown fortification, now occupied by a military museum. 
6. You can also get to the island through the Kronverksky Bridge, and inside the fortress through the Nikolsky Gate. 
7. The Petrovsky Gate, to which the Ioannovsky Bridge leads, looks much more magnificent. 
8. The gate is decorated with wooden carvings and bas-reliefs. 
10. The gate still serves as inspiration for artists, including those who are just learning. 
11. To the right and left of the gate rise the brick walls of the Peter's Curtain, abutting the Sovereign's Bastion. 
12. Inside the Sovereign's Bastion, the first to be built, there is a long corridor - posterna, open to visitors. 
13. It would make a wonderful photo gallery. 
14. There are narrow and long ventilation vents in the thickness of the corridor walls. 
15. The turn ends with an extensive casemate with access to the courtyard. Somewhere here, for some time after the death of Peter I, the famous boat - “Grandfather of the Russian Navy” - was kept. 
16. General view of the bastion. In the center there is a stone ramp - a ramp for rolling guns onto the top of the shaft. 
17. At the top of the bastion there is a memorial sign in honor of the city’s “zooleth anniversary”. 
18. On the arrow of the bastion there is a granite turret for the guard. The part of the bastion facing the Neva was lined with granite under Catherine II. 
19. Opens from the bastion great view to the historical center of the city, this route is called the “Neva Panorama”. 
20. Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace of Grand Duke Mikhail, son of Nicholas I. And in 1928-1931 Mikhail Tukhachevsky lived in it. 
21. Domes of the Resurrection Cathedral. 
22. The Naryshkin Bastion and the Flag Tower on it are visible ahead. 
23. Between the Sovereign and Naryshkin bastions there is the Neva Curtain, also clad in granite. 
24. The Nevskaya Pier is located here, to which the gate of the same name leads. Now there are crowds of tourists and pleasure boats, but two hundred years ago this is where convicts began their journey to the Shlisselburg Fortress. 
25. Inside the gate there are boards that marked the water level during severe floods. The flood of 1777 is known for the fact that during it, Princess Tarakanova allegedly died in the Alekseevsky ravelin, posing as the daughter of Empress Elizabeth and Alexei Razumovsky, which he depicted on his picture artist Flavitsky. The flood of 1824, the worst in the city's history, marked the death of Alexander I, and Pushkin described it in The Bronze Horseman. 
26. Let us finally enter the territory of the fortress. On the right hand of the Neva Gate stands the Engineering House, which has come down to us virtually unchanged since the mid-18th century. 
27. The boiler room is hidden behind the Main Treasury. This is a cozy but little-visited corner of the fortress; there are almost never tourists here. 
50. Nearby is the house of the Chief Commandant of the fortress. 
51. In this house in 1843, the famous commander Mikhail Skobelev, grandson of the commandant of the fortress, Ivan Nikitich Skobelev, was born. 
28. A significant part of the fortress is occupied by the Mint, the largest in the world. 
29. Rubles marked with the letters “SPMD” are minted here and now. 
30. In front of the Mint there is a stretch of paving stones Cathedral Square. On it stands the Boat House, built in 1761 to store the boat of Peter I. 
31. Now inside there are cash registers, souvenir shops, and also a copy of that same boat. 
32.
33. On the roof of the house there is a sculpture of a girl with an oar, an allegory of Navigation. 
34. And since 1819, this terracotta sculpture created by sculptor D.I. Jensen has stood on the house. Now it can be seen in the Museum of the History of the Peter and Paul Fortress, located in the Neva Curtain. 
35. The same museum houses the original wooden bas-reliefs from the Petrovsky Gate. 
36.
37. The museum presents many vintage maps and engravings depicting the fortress. 
43. Samples of antique glass. 
44. Icon-offering to the deceased Tsar Alexander III. 
40. It is impossible to do in such a museum without models of the fortress. 
41. The models clearly show the canal running to the right of the Peter and Paul Cathedral. Its purpose is to supply the defenders of the fortress with drinking water in the event of a siege. 
42. Now the canal is filled up, but its collectors under the walls of the fortress have been preserved. 
45. There are many other, smaller scale models in the museum. 
46. Here is a fragment of the curtain of the original earthen fortress. 
47. Small bridge. 
48. Bridge over a moat at one of the four botardos of the fortress. 
47. Ferry crossing. 
50. An interesting detail: the floor in the hall where a film about the construction of the fortress is shown on the screen is covered with tiles made from wooden blocks. 
51. And just under the windows of the museum the Neva splashes, people swim and sunbathe there. 