7 first wonders of the world topic for presentation. Very interesting presentation "Seven Wonders of the World". Zeus statue in Olympia

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Pyramid of Cheops Pyramid of Cheops (Khufu) - the largest of Egyptian pyramids, the only one of the “Seven Wonders of the World” that has survived to this day. The Cheops Pyramid is part of the complex of the largest Egyptian pyramids located on the Giza Plateau. These are the pyramids of Cheops (Khufu), Khafre (Khafre) and Mikerin (Menkaure). Architect Great Pyramid Hemiun, vizier and nephew of Cheops, is considered. It is assumed that construction, which lasted twenty years, ended around 2540 BC. e. Egypt officially established and celebrates the start date of the construction of the Cheops Pyramid - August 23, 2480 BC. e.

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Hanging Gardens Babylon This is one of the “seven wonders of the world”. A more correct name for this structure is the Hanging Gardens of Amitis. This was the name of the wife of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II, for whose sake the gardens were made. They were located in the ancient state of Babylon. Near modern city Hilla. They were built at the beginning of 7th BC.

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Temple of Artemis in Ephesus The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus - one of the “seven wonders of the world”, was located in greek city Ephesus on the coast of Asia Minor. The first large temple was built in the middle of the 6th century BC. e., burned by Herostratus in 356 BC. e., soon restored in a rebuilt form, in the 3rd century it was plundered by the Goths. In the 4th century it was closed by Christians due to the ban on pagan cults and destroyed. The church built in its place was also destroyed.

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Statue of Zeus in Olympia The statue of Olympian Zeus is the only wonder of the world that was located in the European part of the mainland. The statue of Zeus at Olympia is the second wonder of the world ancient world. It was erected in the 5th century BC. Magnificent, built of marble, Zeus surpassed in size all the temples existing at that time. The massive roof of the building, measuring 27 m by 64 m, was supported by as many as 34 columns made of shell rock. Each column was approximately 10.6 meters high. The exploits of Zeus were depicted on the marble pediments of the temple. The statue of Zeus was erected by Phidias.

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Mausoleum in Halicarnassus The Halicarnassus Mausoleum is a tombstone of the Carian ruler Mausolus (Greek: Μαύσωλος), built in the middle of the 4th century BC. e. by order of his wife Artemisia III in Halicarnassus (modern Bodrum, Turkey), one of the ancient wonders of the world. The construction of the Mausoleum began even before the death of Mausolus in 359 BC. and, according to the reports of ancient authors, it was ruled by his wife Artemisia. To design the Mausoleum, she invited the Greek architects Satyr and Pythias, and the most famous sculptors of that time - Leochares, Skopas (whose works also include the second Temple of Artemis in Ephesus), Briaxides and Timothy.

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Colossus Colossus of Rhodes Rhodes (Greek Κολοσσός της Ρόδου, lat. Colossus Rhodi) is a giant statue of the ancient Greek sun god Helios, which stood in the port city of Rhodes, located on the island of the same name in the Aegean Sea, in Greece. One of the "Seven Wonders of the World". First, the Rhodians ordered the sculptor Chares, a student of Lysippa, to create a statue ten times taller than human height, that is, 18 meters. But then the city residents demanded that the height of the statue be doubled, adding the same amount to the amount paid. But this amount was not enough, since when the height is doubled, the volume of the material increases eight times. Hares had to borrow enormous amounts of money from loved ones, relatives and friends.

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Teacher Popova T.P. Branch of MBOU Pervomaiskaya Secondary School in the village of Staroklenskoye Seven Wonders of the World

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The Seven Wonders of the World are seven monuments created by masters of the most developed and cultural countries antiquities. Each of them embodied the highest cultural achievements of their time.

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The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The correct name of this structure is the Hanging Gardens of Amytis: this was the name of the wife of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar, for whom the gardens were created. Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562 BC) to fight against the main enemy - Assyria, whose troops twice destroyed the capital state of Babylon, concluded a military alliance with Cyaxares, king of Media. Having won, they divided the territory of Assyria among themselves. Their military alliance was confirmed by the marriage of Nebuchadnezzar II to the daughter of the Median king Amytis. Dusty and noisy Babylon, located on a bare sandy plain, did not please the queen, who grew up in mountainous and green Media. To console her, Nebuchadnezzar ordered the construction of hanging gardens. The Hanging Gardens existed for about two centuries. First, they stopped caring for the garden, then powerful floods destroyed the foundation of the columns, and the entire structure collapsed. The Hanging Gardens of Semeramis

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Alexandrian lighthouse- one of the 7 wonders of the world, was built in the 3rd century BC. e. in the Egyptian city of Alexandria, so that ships could safely pass the reefs on the way to the Alexandria Bay. At night they were helped in this by the reflection of flames, and during the day by a column of smoke. It was the world's first lighthouse. It was built on the island of Pharos in the Mediterranean Sea, near the coast of Alexandria. This port was founded by Alexander the Great during his visit to Egypt in 332 BC. e. The construction of this gigantic structure lasted only 5 years. Architect - Sostratus of Cnidus. Faros lighthouse consisted of three marble towers standing on a base of massive stone blocks. The total height of the lighthouse is 120-140 meters, its light was visible at a distance of 60 km. Alexandria Lighthouse

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The Colossus of Rhodes is a giant statue of the ancient Greek sun god Helios, which stood in the port city of Rhodes, located on the island of the same name in the Aegean Sea, Greece. One of the "Seven Wonders of the World".

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The statue of Olympian Zeus is the only wonder of the world that ended up on the European continent. None of the temples of Hellas seemed worthy of the title of miracle to the Greeks. And, having chosen Olympia as a Miracle, they remembered not the temple, not the sanctuary, but only the statue that stood inside. Zeus had a very direct relationship with Olympia. Every resident of those places remembered very well that it was here that Zeus defeated the bloodthirsty Cronus, his own father, who, in fear that his sons would take away his power, began to devour them. Zeus escaped in the same way as they were saved fairy-tale heroes of all nations: there will always be a kind soul who will take pity on the baby. So Cronus’s wife, Rhea, slipped her husband a large stone instead of Zeus, which he swallowed. Obviously, Krohn swallowed his children whole. When Zeus grew up and defeated his father, he freed all his brothers and sisters. Hades, Athena, Poseidon... Statue of Olympian Zeus

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Temple of Artemis (Diana) in Ephesus One of the most beautiful architectural structures world, built in honor of the Greek goddess of the hunt and wildlife Artemis. The temple was located in ancient city Ephesus is 50 kilometers from the modern city of Izmir, Türkiye. Temple of Artemis

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The mausoleum in Halicarnassus was erected as a tombstone for the Carian ruler Mausolus by his wife, Queen Arte. The height of the structure is 60m. The word “mausoleum” comes from the name of Mausolus. Helicirnadian Mausoleum

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„Lost City Incas” Machu Picchu, Peru. Machu Picchu was created as a sacred mountain retreat by the great Inca ruler Pachacutec a century before the conquest of his empire, around 1440, and functioned until 1532, when the Spanish invaded the Inca Empire. In 1532, all its inhabitants mysteriously disappeared. The city is located on top mountain range at an altitude of 2057 meters above the valley of the Urubamba River in the territory of modern Peru.

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Nabatean ruins of Petra, Jordan. Petra - the capital of Edom or Idumea, later the capital of the Nabataean kingdom, main city sons of Esau. The city is located on the territory of modern Jordan, at an altitude of more than 900 meters above sea level and 660 meters above the surrounding area, the Arava Valley. The valley can be accessed through gorges located to the north and south, while to the east and west the cliffs drop sheer, forming natural walls up to 60 meters in height. Today, palaces, temples, tombs, an ancient theater and numerous other buildings have been discovered in Petra, very well preserved to this day, and all carved in stone. These structures were erected in different eras and under different owners of the city, including the Edomites (18-2 centuries BC), Nabataeans (2nd century BC - 106 AD), the Romans (106-395 AD), the Byzantines and finally the Arabs.

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Great Chinese Wall(6350 km) Construction of the wall began in the 3rd century BC. e. during the reign of Emperor Qin Shi Huang (Qin dynasty), during the period of the “Warring States” (475-221 BC), a fifth of the then population of the country, i.e., about a million people, participated in the construction. The wall was supposed to serve as the extreme northern line of the possible expansion of the Chinese themselves; it was supposed to protect the subjects of the “Middle Empire” from transitioning to a semi-nomadic way of life, from merging with the barbarians. The wall was supposed to clearly fix the boundaries of Chinese civilization and contribute to the consolidation of a single empire, just made up of a number of conquered kingdoms. Those sections of the Great Wall that have survived to this day were built mainly during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). The last imperial dynasty, the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), having conquered China, treated the Wall with disdain. During three centuries of Qing rule Great Wall almost collapsed under the influence of time. Only a small section of it near Beijing was maintained in order - it served as a kind of “gateway to the capital.”

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Statue of Christ the Savior ( Cristo del Corcovado), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The height of the statue is 38 m, it is located on Mount Corvocado. Construction of the statue lasted about five years. Opened on October 12, 1931. Authors - Heitor da Silva Costa, Paul Landowski.

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Plan

  1. The Pyramid of Cheops
  2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
  3. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
  4. Zeus statue in Olympia
  5. mausoleum in Halicarnassus
  6. The Colossus of Rhodes
  7. Alexandrian lighthouse

  • Slide 3

    The Pyramid of Cheops

    The Pyramid of Cheops was built in 2650 BC. The Pyramid of Cheops stands on the edge of the desert west of the Nile. It was built by Pharaoh Khufu. His name in Greek was Cheops.

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    • Initially, the pyramid was lined with white sandstone, which was harder than the main blocks. The top of the pyramid was crowned with a gilded stone - the pyramidion. The cladding shone in the sun with a peach color. In 1168 AD. e. The Arabs sacked and burned Cairo. Residents of Cairo removed the cladding from the pyramid in order to build new houses.
    • There are no inscriptions or decorations inside the Cheops pyramid. And yet her visit leaves a lasting impression. The current entrance to the pyramid leads to a tunnel made by robbers, which is located 17 m from the surface of the earth. Inside the Cheops pyramid there are two burial chambers, located one above the other. Queen's Chamber and Pharaoh's Chamber.

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    Hanging Gardens of Babylon

    • One of the Seven Wonders of the World is the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. They were on east coast Euphrates River.
    • The cruel despot ruler of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, built these gardens for his wife Semiramis.

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    The gardens created by the builders of Babylon were four-tiered. The vaults of the tiers rested on columns twenty-five meters high. The platforms of the tiers, made of flat stone slabs, were covered with a layer of reeds, filled with asphalt and covered with lead leaves to prevent water from leaking into the lower tier. On top of this was a layer of earth sufficient for large trees to grow there. The tiers, rising in ledges, were connected by wide, gentle stairs lined with colored tiles. The Hanging Gardens were destroyed by the floods of the Euphrates.

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    Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

    This magnificent temple was built in honor of the Greek goddess of hunting and wildlife, Artemis. The temple was located in Ephesus. On the night of July 21, 356 BC. e., a man named Herostratus set fire to the temple. Afterwards the temple was restored in 550 BC. uh.. the architect was Harsefron.

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    Zeus statue in Olympia

    The statue of a seated Zeus was built by the great Greek sculptor Phidias in the Temple of Olympia. Zeus sat on a throne inlaid with ebony and precious stones. The finished statue reached 13 m in height and almost touched the ceiling of the temple. It seemed that if Zeus stood up, he would blow the roof off. After its completion in 435 BC. The statue remained one of the greatest wonders of the world for 800 years.

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    Around 40 AD Roman Emperor Caligula wanted to move the statue to Rome. Workers were sent after it, but, according to legend, the statue burst into a burst of laughter and the workers fled. Then, in 391 AD, after adopting Christianity, the Romans banned the Olympic Games and closed the Greek temples. A few years later, the statue of Zeus was transported to Constantinople. In 462 A.D. the palace in which the statue stood was destroyed by fire.

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    mausoleum in Halicarnassus

    Mausolus married his sister Artemisia. Gaining more and more power, he began to think about a tomb for himself and his queen. This must have been an extraordinary tomb. Mausolus dreamed of a magnificent monument that would remind the world of his wealth and power long after his death.

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    Mausolus died before the tomb was completed, but his widow continued to supervise the construction until its completion, around 350 BC. The tomb was called Mausoleum, after the king, and this word came to mean any impressive and majestic tomb.

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    The Colossus of Rhodes

    Only 56 years passed from the appearance to the destruction of the Colossus of Rhodes. The idea to create it was born in the spring of 304 BC, when the inhabitants of a small island lying off the very coast of Asia Minor, standing on the walls torn by a long siege, watched as the ships of one of the heirs of the power of Alexander the Great, the son of the ruler of Western Asia and Syria, disappeared into the sea Demetrius Poliorcetes. This monument was located at the entrance to the Mediterranean harbor in Greece.

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    Alexandrian lighthouse

    In the 3rd century BC. a lighthouse was built so that ships could safely pass the reefs on their way to Alexandria Bay. It was the world's first lighthouse, and it stood for 1,500 years.

    The lighthouse was built on small island Pharos in the Mediterranean Sea, near the coast of Alexandria. This busy port was founded by Alexander the Great during his visit to Egypt. The building was named after the island. It must have taken 20 years to build and was completed around 280 BC.



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