Which mountain is the highest in the world. The highest peaks of the world on all continents. Geographic coordinates of Kilimanjaro
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How many highest mountains do you know? When and by whom were they conquered? And how safe are they to try to climb on them? In this article we cover the topic of the highest points of the world, which amaze with their spectacular views and equally spectacular numbers. Let's get to know them better
8091 meters
The Annapurna mountain range is famous for its highest point- Annapurna I. The height of the latter is 8091 m. This is one of the most dangerous peaks for climbers, the mortality rate when trying to conquer is 33%, but since the nineties this figure has dropped to 17%. Annapurna, translated from ancient Indian, means “Goddess of Fertility.” The first to set foot on the summit were the French, the famous climbers Lou Chanel and Maurice Herzog, they did it in 1950. At first their goal was Dhaulagiri, but after inspection they decided to change the mountain, since that mountain seemed impregnable to them.
8125 meters
The first person to conquer Nanga Parbat was Hermann Buhl, who, as part of K. Herligkoffer’s expedition in 1953, set foot on its peak. Before this, many attempts were made to climb this mountain, they date back to 1932, 1934, 1937, 1939. During the war, attempts were suspended, and only the attempt of the Austro-German Herligkoffer expedition was successful. In general, the first data about the mountain appeared in the 19th century, when Adolf Schlagintveit traveled to Asian countries and made detailed drawings of the massif. Nanga Parbat is popular among climbers and has a high mortality rate of 21%.
8156 meters
The Mansiri Himal mountain range, which is located in Nepal, is famous for its Mount Manaslu. This mountain has another name - Kutang. After reconnaissance of Mount Manaslu, researcher Tilman came to the conclusion that it can only be climbed from the northeast. And only in 1984, namely in January of that year, the Poles Maciej Berbeka and Ryszard Gajewski conquered the peak of Kutanga. The mortality threshold on this mountain is not too high - only 16%.
8167 meters
The highest mountain of the Himalayan mountain range Dhaulagiri. For almost 24 years, since 1808, this mountain was considered the most high mountain peace. The global community of climbers began to conquer it back in the 50s of the 20th century, and only on the eighth attempt did they manage to win. A combined team of European climbers, led by Max Eiselin, set foot on the summit on May 13, 1960, conquering this height. Translated from the ancient Indian Dhaulagiri - “White Mountain”.
8201 meters
Cho Oyu was conquered in 1954 by an Austrian expedition that included Joseph Jächler, Pazang Dawa Lama and Herbert Tichy. This was the first official ascent without the use of oxygen cylinders and oxygen masks. This resounding success opened new horizons for world mountaineering. Today, to conquer this peak, you can choose any of 15 routes and simply enjoy the climb.
8485 meters
Makalu is one of the most complex and dangerous mountains for climbers. Only a third of all expeditions end successfully. The first ascents date back to the mid-fifties of the twentieth century. Perhaps this mountain would have been conquered earlier, but huge number climbers set themselves the goal of conquering Lhotse and Everest, and did not pay attention to this peak. The first to conquer Makalu was a French expedition led by Jean Cauzy and Lionel Terray in 1955. To conquer Makalu now, you can choose climbing paths of varying difficulty, there are more than 17 of them in total.
8516 meters
Only a quarter of attempts to climb Lhotse are successful. Geographically, this mountain is located on the territory of Tibet Autonomous Okrug, which makes it a cult object for many researchers and lovers of mysticism. The first to set foot on this mountain was a Swiss expedition, which included two famous climbers: Fritz Luchsinger and Ernst Reiss. It happened on May 18, 1956. Until now, the Eastern Face of Lhotse, as well as the traverses of all its peaks, remain unclimbed.
8586 meters
Kanchenjunga takes bronze in our top. This mountain was considered the highest mountain in the world until 1852. Interestingly, for three whole years the height calculations (which were carried out in 1849) were not published. But now, by right, Everest is considered the highest mountain, and Kanchenjunga is included in the list famous mountains eight-thousanders. It was first conquered on May 25, 1955, by two climbing friends: Joe Brown and George Bend. Over time, the mortality threshold on all mountains decreases, but only on Kanchenjunga does this figure increase from year to year. Now it is 23% and is constantly growing. There is a Nepalese legend according to which Kanchenjunga is a female mountain that kills all the fairer sex who try to climb it.
8614 meters
Karakoram is the second highest mountain in the world, after Everest. It was discovered back in 1856 by an expedition of European climbers. They gave it the name K2, which means the second peak of the Karakoram. The first to try to conquer it were Aleister Crowley and Oscar Eckenstein, but their attempt in 1902 was not successful. The first to actually set foot on the top of Chogori were the Italians, led by Ardito Desio. Now you can climb the Karakoram by ten different routes. In terms of mortality threshold, this is the second most dangerous mountain, after Annapurna, the mortality threshold is 24%. Until now, no one has yet been able to conquer Chogori in winter.
8848 meters
So, the first place that everyone has always heard of is Chomolungma. Sherab Zhamm is the Bonn goddess, after whom the mountain was named, Chomolungma - “Divine Life Energy”, translated from Tibetan. The name Everest was given in honor of George Everest, who headed the British Indian Survey. This name was proposed by Andrew Waugh, a follower of George, in 1856. The first person to conquer Everest was a climber from New Zealand, Hillary Edmund. It happened on May 29, 1953. More than 280 deaths have already been recorded while attempting to climb Everest. But this does not stop daredevils; every year more than 400 people try to climb the highest peak in the world.
Everyone knows that the highest mountain is Everest. Can you name the second tallest? Or at least three more from the TOP 10 list? How many eight-thousanders in the world do you know? Answers under the cut...
No. 10. Annapurna I (Himalayas) - 8091 meters
Annapurna I is the highest peak of the Annapurna mountain range. The height of the mountain is 8091 meters. It ranks tenth among all the peaks of the world. This peak is also considered the most dangerous - the mortality rate of climbers for all years of climbing is 32%, but in the period from 1990 to the present, the mortality rate has decreased to 17%.
The name Annapurna is translated from Sanskrit as “Goddess of Fertility.”
The peak was first conquered in 1950 by French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal. Initially they wanted to conquer Dhaulagiri, but found it impregnable and went to Annapurna.
No. 9. Nanga Parbat (Himalayas) - 8125 meters.
Nanga Parbat is one of the most dangerous mountains to climb among the eight-thousander mountains. The height of the Nanga Parbat peak is 8125 meters.
Among the Europeans, the peak was first noticed in the 19th century by Adolf Schlagintveit during his trip to Asia and made the first sketches.
In 1895, the first attempt to conquer the peak was made by British climber Albert Frederick Mummery. But he died along with his guides.
Then several more attempts were made to conquer it in 1932, 1934, 1937, 1939, 1950. But the first successful conquest occurred in 1953, when Hermann Buhl, a member of the German-Austrian expedition led by K. Herligkoffer, climbed Nanga Parbat.
Nanga Parbat has a climber mortality rate of 21%.
No. 8. Manaslu (Himalayas) - 8156 meters.
Manaslu (Kutang) is a mountain that is part of the Mansiri Himal range in Nepal.
In 1950, Tilman made the first reconnaissance of the mountain and noted that it was possible to climb it from the northeast side. And only 34 years later, after several unsuccessful attempts to conquer the peak, on January 12, 1984, Polish climbers Ryszard Gajewski and Maciej Berbeka climbed the main peak of Manaslu for the first time, conquering it.
The mortality rate among climbers on Manaslu is 16%.
No. 7. Dhaulagiri I (Himalayas) - 8167 meters.
Dhaulagiri I is the highest point of the Dhaulagiri mountain range in the Himalayas. The height of the peak is 8167 meters.
From 1808 to 1832, Dhaulagiri I was considered the highest peak in the world. Climbers paid attention to it only in the 50s of the 20th century, and only the eighth expedition was able to conquer the peak. A team of the best climbers in Europe, led by Max Eiselin, conquered the peak on May 13, 1960.
In Sanskrit, dhavala or dala means “white” and giri means “mountain”.
No. 6. Cho Oyu (Himalayas) - 8201 meters.
Cho Oyu is the sixth highest Mountain peak in the world. The height of Cho Oyu is 8201 m.
The first successful ascent was made in 1954 by an Austrian expedition, which included Herbert Tichy, Joseph Jächler and Pazang Dawa Lama. For the first time, an attempt was made to conquer such a peak without oxygen masks and cylinders, and it was a success. With its success, the expedition opened a new page in the history of mountaineering.
Today there are 15 different routes to the top of Cho Oyu.
No. 5. Makalu (Himalayas) - 8485 meters.
Makalu is the fifth highest peak in the world. Located in the central Himalayas, on the border of Nepal with China (Tibet Autonomous Region).
The first ascent attempts began in the mid-50s of the 20th century. This can be explained by the fact that most expeditions wanted to conquer Qomolungma and Lhotse, while Makalu and other lesser-known neighboring peaks remained in the shadows.
The first successful expedition occurred in 1955. French climbers led by Lionel Terray and Jean Cauzy conquered the peak on May 15, 1955.
Makalu is one of the most difficult peaks to climb. Less than 30% of expeditions are successful.
To date, there are 17 different routes to the top of Makalu.
No. 4. Lhotse (Himalayas) - 8516 meters.
Lhotse is the fourth highest peak in the world, at 8516 meters. Located on the territory of the Tibet Autonomous Region.
The first successful ascent was made on May 18, 1956 by a Swiss expedition consisting of Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger.
Of all attempts to climb Lhotse, only 25% were successful.
No. 3. Kanchenjunga (Himalayas) - 8586 meters.
Until 1852, Kanchenjunga was considered the highest peak in the world, but after calculations based on data from the 1849 expedition, it was proven that the highest mountain is Everest.
All peaks in the world show a trend of decreasing mortality over time, but Kangchenjunga is an exception. IN last years The mortality rate when climbing to the top has reached 23% and is only growing. In Nepal, there is a legend that Kanchenjunga is a woman mountain that kills all women who try to climb to its peak.
No. 2. Chogori (Karakorum) - 8614 meters.
Chogori is the second highest peak in the world. Chogori was first discovered by a European expedition in 1856 and was designated Mount K2, that is, the second peak of the Karakoram.
The first attempt to climb was made in 1902 by Oscar Eckenstein and Aleister Crowley, but ended in failure.
The summit was conquered in 1954 by an Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio.
To date, 10 different routes have been laid to the top of K2.
Climbing Chogori is technically much more difficult than climbing Everest. In terms of danger, the mountain ranks second among eight-thousanders after Annapurna, the mortality rate is 24%. None of the attempts to climb Chogori in winter were successful.
No. 1. Chomolungma (Himalayas) - 8848 meters.
Chomolungma (Everest) is the highest peak on Earth.
Translated from Tibetan, “Chomolungma” means “Divine (jomo) Mother (ma) of vital energy (lung).” The mountain is named after the Bon goddess Sherab Jamma.
The English name "Everest" was given in honor of Sir George Everest, the head of the British India Survey in 1830-1843. This name was proposed in 1856 by George Everest's successor Andrew Waugh after the publication of the results of his collaborator Radhanath Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of "Peak XV" and showed that it was the highest in the region and, probably, in the whole world.
Before the first successful ascent to the summit, which took place in 1953, about 50 expeditions were carried out to the Himalayas and Karakoram (to Chomolungma, Chogori, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat and other peaks).
On May 29, 1953, Everest was conquered by New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay.
In subsequent years, climbers conquered the highest peak in the world different countries world - USSR, China, USA, India, Japan, and other countries.
Over the entire period of time, more than 260 people died while attempting to climb Everest. Nevertheless, more than 400 people try to conquer Chomolungma every year.
The answer to the question about eight-thousanders is that there are 14 of them in the world, 10 of them are in the Himalayas, and the remaining 4 are in the Karakoram.
According to the data, it is this shield volcano, located on Hawaiian Islands is the highest if you consider the height from the very base of the mountain.
As you know, with its height of 10203 meters it is 1355 meters higher than Chomolungma. If you decide to visit this gigantic elevation, you will notice that most of The mountain is hidden under water, and rises only 4205 meters above sea level.
Mauna Kea has existed on earth for about a million years. According to experts, 500,000 years ago was the last period of activity of the volcano, last eruption fell approximately 4-5 thousand years ago, so it is considered inactive and there is no reason for concern.
The top of a volcano mountain is believed to have everything best quality, intended for astronomical observation: humid air, temperature, number of sunny days per year, environmental conditions, etc. As you know, a number of powerful telescopes are already operating at its summit, and in 214, construction began on the largest telescope in the world.
The most high mountains world from all continents. Description of the seven highest peaks by frequency.
As you know, there is a project that includes a list of the highest peaks of the world around the world and it is called “Seven Summits”. This seven includes the mountains of Northern and South America, also Asia and Europe. Climbers who have conquered all seven peaks automatically become honorary members of the “Seven Peaks” club.
I consider it necessary to provide a list of mountains that are included in the list of “seven peaks”:
- Chomolungma (Asia);
- Aconcagua (South America);
- McKinley (North America);
- Kilimanjaro (Africa);
- Elbrus or Mont Blanc (Europe);
- Vinson Massif (Antarctica);
- Kosciuszko (Australia) or Cartens Pyramid (Puncak Jaya) (Australia and Oceania).
Chomolungma (Everest) as the highest peak in Asia
Geographically, she laid out her southern mountain ranges(8760 m.) on the border of Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, and the northern ones (main, 8848 m.) - on the territory of China itself. The peak itself belongs to the Himalaya mountain system and the Mahalangur-Himal ridge. Its coordinates are 27.59`17` north latitude. 86.55`31` E
An interesting fact is that we would not have known about this mountain as the highest in the world if in 1852, a certain mathematician and topographer Radhanat Sidkar, while in India, was 240 km away. from India, did not determine this by trigonometric calculations.
The tallest Asian beauty has the shape of a triangular pyramid. The southern skrod is distinguished by its geometric steepness and exposure, so it does not hold snow and firn. As you know, many glaciers descend from the peak, ending their existence at an altitude of 5000 m.
According to facts, the first people to climb the highest peak were Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealander Eumond Hillary, they climbed on May 29, 1953 through the South Col.
There is no need to hide the fact that the mountain is not very welcoming to guests. Its climate is very harsh, wind speed reaches 55 m/sec, temperatures in some places drop to -60 degrees Celsius. According to statistics, every twentieth climber remains forever on the slopes of harsh peaks, even modern equipment and equipment do not help, as a result of which 200 climbers from 1953 to 2014 left their lives without conquering the highest peak.
Aconcagua is the second of the “Seven Summits” and the highest peak in the western and southern hemispheres of the Earth.
As you know, in Argentina, in the central part of the Andes, the highest mountain in South America is located - Aconcagua. According to the data, this peak was formed by the convergence of two lithospheric plates, Nazca and South American, and is 6962 m in absolute height. She also has a large number of glaciers, the largest are the northeastern (Polish) and eastern.
Coordinates: 32.39` S 70.00` west
Compared to Chomolungma, climbing to this peak will not be difficult if you do it from the northern slope. But despite this, it will be more difficult to conquer from the south or southwest. As you know, the British were the first to climb Mount Aconcagu in 1898 with the expedition of Edward Fitzgerald.
The third of the “Seven Summits” is the highest mountain in North America – McKinley
Coordinates – 63.04`10` north latitude. 151.00`26` west
This miracle of nature is located in the center national park Denali, in Alaska. As history goes, until 1867, that is, until Alaska was sold to the United States, it was considered the highest mountain of the Russian Empire. The first person to see it from both sides is considered to be Lavrentiy Alekseevich Zagoskin, the leader of the Russian expedition.
On March 17, 1913, American climbers under the command of Hudson Stack are considered the first people to conquer this peak.
According to stories, the indigenous people, the Athabascan Indians, used to call this mountain Denali, which means “great.” It was also called “ Big mountain” while belonging Russian Empire. It received its final name in 1896 in honor of the 25th American president.
The highest mountain in Africa and the fourth of the “seven” is Kilimanjaro.
Geographical coordinates: 3.04`00` S, 37.21`33` E
This mountain is potentially active volcano in northeastern Tanzania. Its ridge consists of three extinct volcanoes: Shira is located in the west with an altitude of 3,962 m above sea level, Kibo in the center with a height of 5,891.8 m, and in the east Mawenzi with an altitude of 5,149 m.
Talking about appearance mountains, then its peaks are covered with an ice cap. Unfortunately, this glacier is actively melting and is barely noticeable in height as in the old days, and experts predict its complete disappearance by 2020. This active melting may be due to the cutting down of nearby forests and a decrease in precipitation.
As evidenced by the facts, in 1889 the first ascent of this peak was made by Hans Meier. It is important to say that conquering this mountain is not considered difficult technical side. since it is located close to the equator and is at the intersection point of all types of altitudinal zones.
The highest peak in Russia and Europe – Elbrus
Geographic coordinates: 43.20`45` N, 42.26`55` E.
Due to the ambiguity of the border between Asia and Europe, yes this moment There are disputes about the location of this mountain in Europe. If the answer is positive, this mountain can be considered the highest point in Europe; if not, then Mont Blanc can claim this peak.
About the location: as you know, Elbrus is located on the border of the republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachevo-Cherkessia, in the Caucasus.
Externally, it looks like a swell-shaped volcanic cone, with a height of 5642 m in the west and 5621 m in the east. According to data, in the 50s. before. AD the last eruption was observed.
The hills of this mountain are covered with glaciers measuring 134.5 sq. km, the largest of which are Big and Small Azau, Terskop.
From the point of view of climbers, the climb is not difficult, but there are particularly difficult routes. The first conquest was accomplished during the expedition of General G.A. Emanuel, head of the Caucasian fortified line in 1929.
The highest mountain in Antarctica and the sixth of the “seven” – Vinson Massif
Geographic coordinates: 78.31`31` S, 85.37`01` W
The mountain is part of the Ellsworth Mountains and is geographically located 1200 km away. from South Pole. Its scale is 21 m long and 13 km. in width. It is Vinson Peak that is the highest point of the massif.
It was discovered by American pilots in 1957, and on December 18, 1966, the sunrise was recorded by Nicholas Clinch.
The fifth of seven and the first Mont Blanc mountain in Europe
Geographic coordinates: 45.49`58` N, 6.51`53` E.
This beauty is located on the border of France and Italy and belongs to the Alps mountain system. Its length is 50 km. it is part of the Mont Blanc crystalline massif. The mountain has a large and majestic cover with a length of 200 km. The Mer de Glace is the largest glacier.
Jacques Balmat and Michel Paccard were the first to conquer the massif on August 8, 1786. Another interesting fact is that in 1886, during his honeymoon This mountain was conquered by Theodore Roosevelt.
The seventh of the “Seven” and the first in mainland Australia is Mount Kosciuszko
Geographic coordinates: 36.27` S 148.16` E
This massif was discovered in 1840 and is located on the territory of the national park of the same name, in the Australian Alps in the south of New South Wales.
As you know, the name of the mountain in honor of the military and political figure Tadeusz Kosciuszko was given by the Polish traveler, geographer and geologist Pavel Edmund Strzelecki. It was he who carried out the first conquest of this mountain in 1840.
The highest in Australia and Oceania and the seventh of seven is the Carstens Pyramid (Puncak Jaya)
Geographic coordinates: 4.05` S, 137.11` E
It is impossible to miss the fact that there is currently disagreement over which array should cover the list of “seven” vertices. If the Austrian continent is taken into account, Kosciuszko Peak will be considered, and if all of Australia and Oceania are taken into account, the Carstens Pyramid with a height of 4884 meters will undoubtedly be the highest. For this reason, two versions of the “seven peaks” were created, including two options. But the main one is still considered to be the Carstens Pyramid.
The peak is part of the Maoke massif and is located in the western part of the island of New Guinea.
The mountain is named after the Dutch explorer Jan Carstens, who discovered it in 1623. Its hills were first conquered by a group of four Austrian climbers led by Heinrich Harrer in 1962.
Everyone knows that the highest mountain is Everest. Can you name the second tallest? Or at least three more from the TOP 10 list? How many eight-thousanders are there in the world? By the way, the highest mountain is not even Everest...
No. 10. Annapurna I (Himalayas) - 8091 meters
Annapurna I is the highest peak of the Annapurna mountain range. The height of the mountain is 8091 meters. It ranks tenth among all the peaks of the world. This peak is also considered the most dangerous - the mortality rate of climbers for all years of climbing is 32%, but in the period from 1990 to the present, the mortality rate has decreased to 17%.
The name Annapurna is translated from Sanskrit as “Goddess of Fertility.” The peak was first conquered in 1950 by French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal. Initially they wanted to conquer Dhaulagiri, but found it impregnable and went to Annapurna.
No. 4. Lhotse (Himalayas) - 8516 meters
Lhotse is the fourth highest peak in the world, at 8516 meters. Located on the territory of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The first successful ascent was made on May 18, 1956 by a Swiss expedition consisting of Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger.
Of all attempts to climb Lhotse, only 25% were successful.
No. 3. Kanchenjunga (Himalayas) - 8586 meters.
Kanchenjunga ranks third in the ranking of the highest peaks in the world. The height of the peak is 8586 meters. Until 1852, Kanchenjunga was considered the highest peak in the world, but after calculations based on data from the 1849 expedition, it was proven that the highest mountain is Everest. Mount Kanchenjunga was first conquered on May 25, 1955 by George Band and Joe Brown.
All peaks in the world show a trend of decreasing mortality over time, but Kangchenjunga is an exception. In recent years, the mortality rate when climbing to the top has reached 23% and is only growing. In Nepal, there is a legend that Kanchenjunga is a woman mountain that kills all women who try to climb to its peak.
No. 2. K2 or Chogori (Karakorum) - 8614 meters
K2 is the second highest peak in the world. Chogori was first discovered by a European expedition in 1856 and was designated Mount K2, that is, the second peak of the Karakoram. The first attempt to climb was made in 1902 by Oscar Eckenstein and Aleister Crowley, but ended in failure.
The summit was conquered in 1954 by an Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio. To date, 10 different routes have been laid to the top of K2.
Climbing K2 is technically much more difficult than climbing Everest. In terms of danger, the mountain ranks second among eight-thousanders after Annapurna, the mortality rate is 24%. None of the attempts to climb Chogori in winter were successful.
No. 1. Chomolungma (Himalayas) - 8848 meters
Chomolungma (Everest) is the highest peak on Earth. Translated from Tibetan, “Chomolungma” means “Divine (jomo) Mother (ma) of vital energy (lung).” The mountain is named after the Bon goddess Sherab Jamma.
The English name "Everest" was given in honor of Sir George Everest, the chief surveyor of British India in 1830–1843. This name was proposed in 1856 by George Everest's successor Andrew Waugh after the publication of the results of his collaborator Radhanath Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of "Peak XV" and showed that it was the highest in the region and, probably, in the whole world.
Before the first successful ascent to the summit, which took place in 1953, about 50 expeditions were carried out to the Himalayas and Karakoram (to Chomolungma, Chogori, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat and other peaks). On May 29, 1953, Everest was conquered by New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay.
In subsequent years, the highest peak of the world was conquered by climbers from different countries - the USSR, China, USA, India, Japan, and other countries. Over the entire period of time, more than 260 people died while attempting to climb Everest. Nevertheless, more than 400 people try to conquer Chomolungma every year.