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In the modern world there are quite a few unrecognized or partially recognized Transnistria. It is a tiny country of uncertain status, located in the south-eastern part of Europe. This article will help you find out which cities belong to Transnistria, and will also tell you a lot of interesting information about them.

Transnistria: a short essay on an unrecognized state

Transnistria (officially abbreviated as PMR) is a narrow strip of land between the Dniester and the territory of Ukraine. De jure these territories belong to Moldova. De facto, there is a self-governing republic here, but not recognized by the world community, which declared its independence in 1990. Today, the situation with the Transnistrian region is classified in European politics as a “frozen conflict.”

The area of ​​modern Transnistria is tiny even compared to miniature Moldova (just over 4,000 sq. km). About 500 thousand people live within the republic (of this number, approximately 70% live in cities). The ethnic structure of the population is dominated by three peoples: Moldovans, Ukrainians and Russians.

The PMR inherited a number of large industrial enterprises from the Soviet economy. Among them are the Moldavian State District Power Plant, metallurgical and textile plants, and a cognac factory. Large cities of Transnistria actively trade with the European Union. True, all products produced in the republic are marked with the Made in Moldova mark.

In conclusion of our short story about Transnistria, some interesting facts about this territorial entity:

  • The PMR is the only country in the world whose flag and coat of arms depict the main Soviet attributes (sickle, hammer and five-pointed star);
  • in Transnistria there are embassies of two other unrecognized states - Abkhazia and South Ossetia;
  • the cities of Transnistria are distinguished by their neatness, well-groomedness and cleanliness, which is often compared with that of Belarus;
  • in the Transnistrian city of Bendery, another Ukrainian hetman died here in 1710, presented to the public the first constitution in Europe;
  • two largest cities the republics (Bendery and Tiraspol) are connected by one of the few intercity trolleybus lines in Europe with a length of 13 kilometers;
  • there are offices of the United Russia political party in Transnistria;
  • The Transnistrian ruble in 2012-2015 was recognized as the strongest currency in the post-Soviet space.

The story of one war

The collapse of the USSR intensified separatist movements and with renewed vigor ignited a number of conflicts in different parts of the vast empire. One of these hot spots was the left bank of the Dniester.

In the early 1990s, the conflict between the newly created Moldovan authorities and the Transnistrian nomenklatura elite intensified significantly. The Pridnestrovians did not want to be part of Moldova, fearing rapprochement with Romania.

The conflict entered the phase of open military confrontation in the spring of 1992. In March, Moldova decided to restore its power over the rebellious left bank of the Dniester by force. However, units of the 14th Russian Army, as well as guardsmen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, took the side of the Pridnestrovians. Therefore, the Moldovans failed to establish control over Transnistria, and the Dniester River very quickly turned into a front line.

The culmination of this war was the battle for the city of Bendery. In July 1992, armed detachments of Transnistrian troops, supported by Russian tanks, crossed the Dniester and gained a foothold in Bendery. A real massacre began on the streets of the city, claiming the lives of 600 people. After this battle, the parties began to look for ways to peacefully resolve the conflict and finally signed a peace agreement in Moscow.

Overall, about 1,200 people died in the Transnistrian conflict.

Cities of Transnistria

Administratively, the territory of the PMR is divided into 5 districts. There are 8 cities within the unrecognized state (they are listed from north to south):

  • Kamenka;
  • Rybnitsa;
  • Dubossary;
  • Grigoriopol;
  • capital Tiraspol;
  • Bendery;
  • Slobodzeya;
  • border city of Dnestrovsk.

Transnistria also has a number of disputed territories and territories with dual status. These include several villages (Koshnitsa, Pyryta, Dorotskoye, etc.), the Varnitsa microdistrict in Bendery and the village of Korzhevo in Dubossary.

Almost the capital - the city of Tiraspol

Transnistria, like any other country in the world, has its own capital. This is the city of Tiraspol. Although it is very difficult for a person from the post-Soviet space to imagine a capital with a population of 130 thousand people. Nevertheless, the “metropolitan character” is felt here. The quiet, provincial streets of Tiraspol are distinguished by a certain solidity, and in the massive public buildings one can feel the “spirit of power,” although not recognized by anyone.

The government and parliament of the PMR are located in Tiraspol. In addition, the city is an important historical and cultural center not only Transnistria, but throughout Moldova.

The name Tiraspol is translated from Greek very simply and clearly - “city on the Dniester”. It is indeed located on the left bank of the largest Eastern European river, just six kilometers from the border with Ukraine. The city was founded in 1792. It was at this time that, by order of Suvorov, the construction of a fortress began here. In 1806, Tiraspol became a district center within the Kherson province, and between the two world wars it managed to become the center of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

Modern Tiraspol is quite pleasant. Its center pleases with cleanliness, neatness, wide sidewalks, neat flower beds and big amount rare (Soviet) artifacts.

There are few tourist attractions in the capital of the PMR. These include the old fortress (late 18th century), the Cathedral of the Nativity of Christ (2000), and the chic and pompous House of Soviets, built in the 50s. In addition, tourists in Tiraspol like to visit modern sports complex"Sheriff", which occupies a huge area of ​​65 hectares.

Bendery is the most tourist city in Transnistria

Very few cities in Transnistria can boast of constant visits from tourists from near and far abroad. Bendery is one of them. If travelers decide to go to the PMR, then they definitely stop by this city.

The city of Bendery is the second largest and most populous in the republic. And the first in the number of historical and architectural monuments. There are many preserved in the city center beautiful buildings XIX-XX centuries. But the main tourist attraction in Bendery is the ancient and perfectly preserved Turkish fortress. By the way, part of the citadel is still occupied by an active military unit.

Along with traditional architectural monuments, there are quite a lot of “monuments” of the 1992 war in Bendery. For example, they decided not to restore the walls of the city hall, damaged by shell fragments. Traces of the war can still be seen on its facades today.

Rybnitsa - industrial center of Transnistria

In the north of the unrecognized country, surrounded by the picturesque hills of the Podolsk Upland, lies the city of Rybnitsa. Transnistria owes much of its powerful industrial complex to this city. Rybnitsa provides about half of the revenues to the PMR budget, as well as about 60% of the republic’s exports. There are over 400 different enterprises operating here.

From a tourism point of view, the city is not very remarkable. Among the local attractions are the large-scale Victory Memorial, the Cathedral of the Archangel Michael (the largest in the PMR), as well as a magnificent (in terms of historical value) cemetery. Another highlight of Rybnitsa is the abandoned cable car(industrial purpose), spectacularly hovering over the Dniester.

Kamenka - the resort pearl of Transnistria

If the title of tourist mecca of the republic rightfully belongs to Bendery, then the city of Kamenka can safely be called the “recreational capital” of the unrecognized state. Transnistria really can boast of a pretty good resort, which has been known since the 1870s. The city of Kamenka is located in the far north of the PMR, at the confluence of the river of the same name into the Dniester. Unique natural and climatic conditions have formed here: a rocky, almost mountainous ridge reliably shelters the city from cold winds, providing the Transnistrian resort with a long summer and a fairly mild winter.

Only 9 thousand people live in Kamenka. The foundation of the local economy is agriculture and resorts. The city has the most famous sanatorium in the republic, “Dniester”, designed for the simultaneous recovery of 450 people. Kamenka is also famous for its aromatic and very tasty grapes and, accordingly, excellent wine.

Dnestrovsk is the energy heart of the republic

The city of Dnestrovsk is located in the extreme south of the PMR, in close proximity to Ukrainian border. This is where the largest power plant in the republic is located. The electricity generated here is even exported (to Moldova and Ukraine).

By chance, the Moldavian State District Power Plant was built in 1964 on the left bank of the river. If this had not happened, the economic independence of the unrecognized republic would now be in question. Today the city is home to about 10 thousand people. Most of The population of Dnestrovsk works at the local power plant.

The third largest (50 thousand inhabitants) and second most important city of Transnistria is Rybnitsa, 130 kilometers away from Tiraspol. Even historically: as already mentioned, the PMR consists of two halves - “Novorossiysk” and “Podolsk”, and if Tiraspol is the center of the first, then Rybnitsa is the second. Before the revolution, it was a large Jewish town in the Baltic district, since 1925 - a town, since 1938 - a city, but the turning point in the life of Rybnitsa was 1984, when the Moldavian Metallurgical Plant began operating. It is small, 5-10 times smaller than any of the main metallurgical plants in Russia, but tiny Transnistria has enough: Rybnitsa accounts for 52% budget revenues and 65% of the republic’s exports. There are other factories here, and interesting late-Soviet architecture - Rybnitsa is unlike other industrial giants. Special thanks to Alexander for the tour of Rybnitsa bes_arab , without which I would at most have walked a little in the center.

From the site we drove along a bypass road, stumbling upon somewhere on the outskirts, in cottage village, to such a strange monument. Even an expert in Rybnitsa did not know who erected it and in honor of what. bes_arab . I didn’t know then, but now I know - UPD: " At this place in 2008, Dima Krivoruchenko, a racing driver, crashed (car racing at the airfield in Tiraspol is dedicated to his memory every year in May). His father promised to make something like a park in this place... Memorable and at the same time useful to the city, because... Previously, this place was an overgrown wasteland. Here I did it".

I don’t even know what is more puzzling - the angel on top or this composition 20-30 centimeters high. I have never seen anything like this before.

Behind us was Railway, along which a lineman walked, looking thoughtfully in our direction. We drove further along the bypass:

Because from the bypass road the MMZ is best visible:

The very phrase “Moldavian Metallurgical Plant” sounds like an oxymoron to me - well, something like the Norilsk Champagne Factory or the Pevek Riviera, if such existed. However, if he were in the Odessa or Vinnitsa region, he would not be at all surprised. Among the iron and steel plants of the Soviet Union, MMZ was one of the three “last waves” of the 1980s - together with the Belarusian Zhlobin and the Far Eastern Komsomolsk-on-Amur: electrometallurgical plants working on scrap metal were supposed to cover local needs, and Western Ukraine was also conveniently located between BMZ and MMZ , which does not have its own metallurgy. As already mentioned, the capacity of the Moldavian Metallurgical Plant is not that great - up to a million tons of steel per year, while, as follows from the official website of the plant, the figures vary greatly, up to 3.5 times, from year to year. Now the plant is in decline, and yet without it, Transnistria would hardly stay afloat. Externally, MMZ, as befits a metallurgical plant, is huge and gloomy.

At the factory headquarters building, popularly known as the Pentagon, we turned into the city. Half a kilometer from the metallurgical plant there is an elevator, and at its gate there are the ruins of a bunker:

As I understand it, this is a legacy of the 1930s, of everything that is called the “Stalin line” and is being intensively restored in Belarus and Ukraine. Moreover, he is not the only one in Rybnitsa:

The bunker is located on Kirova Street, which from here leads straight to the city center - although we initially planned to explore Rybnitsa on the way back, the cold and fog exhausted us very quickly, and we went to the center to look for a cafe. Victory Square with the administration (to the left of the frame, I didn’t even notice it), the House of Culture and Lenin. Lenin’s pose is somehow very cunning, he’s clearly planning something... Perhaps a revolution, perhaps?

DK has a very nice mosaic. All this is clearly from the 1960s, when the city took off with the construction of a cement plant:

At the beginning of the Walk of Fame is the double Marx Engels:

And the printing house building, according to Alexander, is pre-war, that is, constructivist. I would venture to guess that this is the administration of the then urban-type settlement of Rybnitsa from the late 1920s, most likely the oldest building in the city center:

And just in the paneled, thoroughly Brezhnev-esque Rybnitsa, this little area looks almost like a German Altstadt:

Also, according to Alexander, in this area there is the best sushi restaurant in all of Transnistria. And really, where else could he be, if not in a city with that name? And in principle, in the central part of Rybnitsa, it’s very cozy and nice, but they’ll still accuse me of slander for taking photos of the industrial outskirts... However, in working-class cities it’s always like this - it’s impossible to write about them without offending at least half of the residents: If you show industrial and destroy - I denigrate, if you show civilized areas - I hush up, but if you show both, I denigrate and hush up at the same time (at the choice of each specific reader).

We drove along Kirov Street to the edge of the slope:

I think this is a magnificent triptych! West, Russia and Soviet Union on one spot!

Below on the slope there is a stone on the site of the future memorial to the defenders of Transnistria. Valchenko's high-rise buildings against the background of mountains and, again, Rezina's high-rise buildings:

No one is forgotten in the church, nothing is forgotten in the cathedral:

In the courtyard of the church there are either just figurines of saints, or even a calvarium - a “model” of the way of the cross for Holy Week and religious processions:

According to Alexander, this is a church of some Protestant denomination, but it looks more like some kind of building attached to a church:

And you can film amazing scenes in the courtyard of the two temples. Let's say a cross and a star:

Two Saviors:

Crosses and antennas. The cross is, to some extent, also anenna:

Cross and plant. More precisely - the Transnistrian cross and the Moldavian plant, cement has been produced in Rezina since 1985:

From here, in several zigzags along impressive junctions, we drove down to Valchenko, almost immediately behind which is the station. As in Bendery, passenger trains they don’t go here - the station is the directorate and ticket office:

Although the railway has been here since 1893, it runs from west to east, that is, there is nowhere to go from here along the PMR, and the products of local factories are exported mainly in the direction of Russia and the Odessa port. That’s why the bridge to Rezina has not been working for many years - although it is guarded by machine gunners, Alexander did not advise stopping here:

We are already completely on the outskirts. The first city-forming enterprise of Rybnitsa was a sugar alcohol plant, founded in 1898 and which had the first power plant on the territory of Moldova and the PMR. I suspect that this is generally the oldest plant in Transnistria... but it has not been operating since 2003. Some of its workshops are pre-revolutionary and are the oldest buildings in Rybnitsa.

But that’s not why we stopped here - even from the bridge I noticed a cable car thrown across the Dniester, here known as the “industrial funicular”:

It once connected the Rezina quarries with the Rybnitsa cement plant and stretched for 3-4 kilometers. Such things are not uncommon in the world - using them to deliver raw materials from a quarry to a factory is much more profitable than using cars or wagons, and in foreign countries I have heard about cable cars tens of kilometers long. But I’ve only seen this once before: in Bashkiria, and that cable car was still working.

There is silence and oblivion here. Despite the fact that cement factory it works properly, spewing dense white dust into the sky - the cable car was killed primarily by the collapse of Moldova into one and a half states:

In Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan there was once an international Sulukta narrow-gauge railway, and here there is an international industrial cable car. As you can see, there is another bunker near the water:

Surreal sight:

View of the Dniester from the bunker:

Already when I was leaving, I noticed that the same lineman was wandering dejectedly along the tracks...

And I apologize for the quality of the photos - the weather... But as soon as we left Rybnitsa, the clouds and fog parted and the bright Sun came out.
In the next part we go to Rashkovo - almost most beautiful places Transnistria.

Here is a map of Rybnitsa with streets → Transnistria, Moldova. We study detailed map Rybnitsa city with house numbers and streets. Search in real time, weather today, coordinates

More details about the streets of Rybnitsa on the map

A detailed map of the city of Rybnitsa with street names will be able to show all the routes and roads where the street is located. Industrial and Lazo. Located near.

To view the territory of the entire region in detail, it is enough to change the scale of the online diagram +/-. On the page there is an interactive map of the city of Rybnitsa with addresses and routes of the microdistrict. Move its center to now find Gvardeiskaya and Kirova streets.

The ability to plot a route across the country and calculate the distance using the “Ruler” tool, find out the length of the city and the path to its center, addresses of attractions, transport stops and hospitals (the “Hybrid” scheme type), look at train stations and borders.

You will find everything you need detailed information o location of urban infrastructure - stations and shops, squares and banks, highways and highways.

Accurate satellite map Ribnitsa (Ribnitsa) with Google search is in its own category. Use Yandex search to show the house number on the folk map of a city in Transnistria (Moldova)/the world, in real time.

Story

The first information about the population in the territory of Rybnitsa dates back to the first half of the 17th century. It is generally accepted that it was named after the Dniester river of the same name. Locals They were mainly engaged in farming and fishing. This is evidenced by excavations carried out near the village of Vykhvatintsy, which is 12 km away. from the city. Archaeological data indicate that the territory was inhabited during the Paleolithic period 100 thousand years ago.

In the middle of the century, the area was repeatedly subjected to devastating Tatar raids, the swords of Lithuanian feudal lords left their traces here, and from the 16th century it came under the rule of pan-Poland.

In 1793, as a result of the 2nd partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Poland), this territory was annexed to Russia, and since 1797 Rybnitsa became part of the Molokishsky volost of the Baltic district of the Podolsk province.

At the end of the 19th century, a certain influence on future fate Rybnitsa was helped by the railway that ran through the city. It gave impetus to the development of trade and industry, and made Rybnitsa one of the centers of formation of the working class.

Since 1893, regular shipping has been established on the Dniester, and a pier was equipped in Rybnitsa.

In 1898, the first sugar factory in Moldova was built with the first electric generating unit in the region.

The development of deposits of shell rock, used in construction, and limestone, used for refining sugar, the so-called “sugar stone,” began.

Steam mills, a bakery, a brick factory, and lime kilns were built.

In 1871, a ministerial school was opened, and 6 years later - a literacy school for girls. Two-class schools appeared.

The history of Rybnitsa is rich in military revolutionary events. Workers of the city and peasants of nearby villages took an active part in the revolutionary events of 1905-1907.

In 1905, a wave of uprisings swept through Rybnitsa and the villages of Plot and Vasilyevka.

In May 1905, an uprising of peasants in the village of Mokra broke out. The uprising was led by local peasant Fyodor Antosyak.

The waves of the Great October Socialist Revolution reached the banks of the gray Dniester. In December 1917, the flag of Soviet power was hoisted in Rybnitsa. During 1918-1919, the Rybnitsa lands were repeatedly attacked by German-Austrian invaders, bandits of Hetman Skoropatsky and Petliurists, and in the fall of 1919, Rybnitsa was occupied by Denikin’s troops.

In February 1920, Rybnitsa was liberated by units of the Red Army.

The days of difficult, brutal struggle gave way to days of creation, building a new life.

In 1924, Rybnitsa became an urban-type settlement and a regional center of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

In 1938 Rybnitsa acquired the status of a city. This emphasized the achievements of workers in economic and cultural construction.

During the pre-war five-year plans, a power plant was built in the city, the capacity of the sugar factory and lime mines was increased, and flour milling and local industrial enterprises appeared. By 1940, there were already five schools, three of them secondary, kindergartens, a cinema, and several libraries.

But in 1941 the flames of war struck again. For three years, German-Romanian invaders ruled the land of Rybnitsa, bringing with them death and destruction. The Nazis destroyed enterprises, plundered collective and state farms, and took away many valuables. The years of their stay on the soil of the Rybnitsa region were marked by mass atrocities and repressions. The Nazi invaders tortured and shot hundreds of people. Retreating, the fascists left their last bloody trail - 270 Soviet patriots and Romanian anti-fascists were shot and burned in the Rybnitsa prison.

The post-war years are typical for the region and the city with a sharp acceleration in the pace of technical progress, cultural and economic construction.

Today there are 15 industrial enterprises located in the city. Far beyond the borders of the republic, centrifugal pumps produced by the Rybnitsa Pump Plant are known. They are supplied to many economic regions of the former Soviet Union and abroad. The city also has a bakery plant with a powerful elevator, a winery, a dairy plant, a bakery, and a nonwovens factory. At the end of the 50s, the construction of a cement and slate plant began in the city. In 1961, the enterprise produced its first products.

In 1984, the Moldavian Metallurgical Plant was built, which is still one of the ten best ferrous metallurgical enterprises in the world, whose products are of high quality and are in demand both in the CIS countries and in a number of foreign countries.

There's a new one in town railroad station, bus station.

The area has also established itself as a major educational center. In addition to 39 secondary schools, 2 lyceums, branches of the Transnistrian University and the North-Western Polytechnic Institute, and a branch of the Moscow Academy of Economics and Law train specialists.

Administrative-territorial structure and population

The territory of the city and district is 850.21 km2
Populated points - 47

75,283 people live in the city of Rybnitsa and the Rybnitsa region.

famous fellow countrymen:

The main asset of the city is its inhabitants. Rybnitsa is rightfully proud of many of its fellow countrymen:

Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky P.A. (1725-1796) – Military leader, Field Marshal General of the Russian Army, native of the village of Stroentsy,

Rubinshtein A.G. (1829-1894) - composer, pianist, conductor, teacher, native of the village of Vykhvatintsy,

Kruchenyuk P.A. (1917-1988) - writer, poet, native of the village. Flesh,

Shtirbu K.A. (1915-1999) – actor, People’s Artist of the USSR, native of the village of Broshtyany,

Bogdesko I.T. (1923) - People's Artist of the USSR, graphic artist, painter

Doga E.D. (1937) - composer, People's Artist of the Moldavian SSR, laureate of the USSR State Prize, native of the village of Mokra.

Thanks to the daily work, talent and creative potential of many generations of Rybnitsa residents, Rybnitsa, a beautiful city, is transforming and thriving.

Useful information for tourists about Rybnitsa in Moldova - geographical position, tourist infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.

Rybnitsa is small town in the Republic of Moldova. It is located 130 km from the capital Chisinau. According to statistics, about 48 thousand people live in the city. Half national composition Rybnitsa is made up of Ukrainians, the rest are Russians (23%) and Moldovans (22%). There are several versions about the origin of the name of this settlement. One of them says that the name of the city was given by the Rybanets River, on the banks of which the settlement was located.

The first written mentions of settlement in the territory modern city date back to 1657 and are contained in a work written by the Turkish traveler Evliy Celebi, who visited Moldova in 1656-1657. In 1793, after the second partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, these lands became part of Russian Empire. In 1797, the city became part of the Molokishsky volost of the Baltic district of the Podolsk province. XIX century was marked for the town by the opening of a Catholic church and Orthodox Church. The first school appeared in 1871. The Slobozia-Balti railway line, built in 1892 and passing through Rybnitsa, played a huge role in the city’s economy.

In 1924, Rybnitsa was declared an urban-type settlement, as well as one of the regional centers of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Already in 1938 the village acquired the status of a city. During the war, the Jewish population remaining in the city was brutally tortured by the Romanian and German invaders.

In December 1962, Rybnitsa became a city of republican subordination to the Moldavian SSR. In 1991, it lost this status. Today, Rybnitsa is a large production, industrial, educational and cultural center of Transnistria. There are more than 400 enterprises in the city, including the oldest sugar factory in the state, as well as a distillery, a centrifugal pump plant, a cement-slate and metallurgical plant.

Rybnitsa is a very interesting and beautiful city. The main city attraction is considered to be the largest not only in Transnistria, but also in all of Moldova, St. Michael the Archangel Cathedral. Construction of the temple took 15 years. Its grand opening took place in November 2006. The temple is crowned with 11 bells. The weight of the largest bell, “Blagovest,” was 100 pounds.

The most important monument of the city is the Military Glory Memorial, built in 1975. The author of this 24-meter project in the form of two paired reinforced concrete pylons was the architect V. Mednek. At the foot of the granite slabs you can see the carved names of the liberators of the region.

Among other religious attractions, it is also worth noting the Assumption Rock Monastery in Tsipovo, located on the right bank of the Dniester, which is about 20 km from Rybnitsa. Built in the XII-XIV centuries. the monastery is considered the most significant of the country's rock complexes. Of particular interest to tourists are the Kalaur gorge in Rashkov, the Trinity Monastery, and also located near Rybnitsa nature reserve in Sakharny.



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