New Guinea climate zone. Population of New Guinea, Papuans, population of Irian Jaya, photo of Papuans. Geographical description of the island of New Guinea

Rafael Newman

What kind of climate does Papua have - New Guinea?

Brief description of the climate in Papua New Guinea

The weather in Papua New Guinea depends on the following factors Humid tropical climate. There is no dry season. The driest month receives at least 60 mm (2.4") precipitation. Precipitation is usually distributed evenly throughout the year. All average monthly temperatures exceed 18°C ​​(64°F).
The hottest month is December, when the maximum temperature is around 31℃ (88℉). Usually the third week is the hottest. But be aware of thunderstorms, fog and rain. The coldest month is June. This month the temperature at night can reach 23℃ (73℉)! And be prepared for rain, thunderstorms, fog and uncertainty.

Weather conditions of Papua New Guinea throughout the year

Papua New Guinea is a country in the eastern part of the island of New Guinea and on neighboring islands. This country is unique for its enormous diversity, including more than 700 languages ​​and 600 islands. In addition, Papua New Guinea has many attractions to see, including unique wild animals. Papua New Guinea is located in the tropics, so the rainy and dry seasons or monsoons can vary. The climate is generally monsoonal, tropical in the lower part, temperate in the upper part, while cold in the upper part. December to March is the northwest monsoon season (rainy season) and the southwest monsoon season is May to October (dry season). An important characteristic of the climate in Papua New Guinea is precipitation. Rainfall and fluctuations in rainfall throughout the year are associated with the monsoon. Average precipitation in the mountains Papua New Guinea ranges from 2000 to 5000 mm. Typhoons can occur during the rainy season (December-March) and cause flooding and significant destruction. The wettest month is February and the driest month is July, although rain can be expected during the dry season. Port Moresby receives 1,300 mm of rainfall per year. Temperature fluctuations are slight throughout the year. Average monthly temperature in Port Moresby it is about 26℃ (79℉), in the coastal plains - about 28℃ (82℉), in the mountains 26℃ (79℉). The average annual air temperature in the coastal plains is 28℃ (79℉). Relative humidity is high throughout the year and ranges from 73% to 86% throughout the year. Papua New Guinea receives greatest number direct sunlight on Earth, per day
the sun is shining
5-8 hours
.
Weather in Papua New Guinea influenced by tropical wet climate. There is no dry season. The driest month has at least 60 mm (2.4\") rainfall. Rainfall is usually evenly distributed throughout the year. All average monthly temperatures exceed 18°C ​​(64°F).

In this country all year round hot and humid, at least in the low-lying parts. This is true both for the eastern part of the island of New Guinea, and for the Bismarck Archipelago and northern Solomon Islands. IN mountainous areas the temperature drops seriously - above 2000 meters above sea level it can be very cold at night. And while swimming in the ocean, you can see snow lying on the top of the Owen-Stanley Mountains.

In order to avoid heavy rains upon arrival in Papua New Guinea, you should choose the period from June to September. This is almost dry season on the Coral Sea coast (Port Moresby), which is actually the least rainy area in the entire country. In other areas: on the great plain (Madang) and especially in the mountains, the rains, very heavy throughout the year, subside slightly at this time. The mountains of Papua New Guinea are characterized by extreme cloudiness and constant fog. The Bismarck Archipelago and New Britain Island are also very rainy, with the exception of the Rabaul area. It should be noted that Papua New Guinea is not completely protected from cyclones. However, they are rarely here. Sea water ideal for people who are afraid of the cold: its temperature never drops below +26°C.

Cloth

In any season it should be very light and spacious. For coral reefs, sandals are useful. In mountainous areas you cannot do without warm clothes.

Dangers

In low-lying areas there is a risk of malaria throughout the year. Insects are also active all year round. They are especially annoying at night, but it also happens during the day if the day turns out to be cloudy.

New Guinea is the least populated territory of Indonesia.

The population is 1.56 million inhabitants, which gives an average density of 4 people. per 1 sq. km.

The majority of the population of New Guinea is made up of Papuan tribes belonging to the Australoid race, but speaking various (mutually incomprehensible) New Guinea languages, forming separate language families.

More than ¾ of the population lives in rural areas in small, scattered groups. All settlements are usually located in the coastal zone or in several fertile valleys, and there are also several border towns within the province.

Large areas within the province are uninhabited. People travel between cities by plane or sea.

Main settlements are Jayapura (149,618 people), Mankowari, Soron, Merauke and Biak.

Jayapura - administrative center Irian Jaya province and its largest city.

About 80% of the population are Papuans and Melanesians, the former living in mountainous areas, the latter along the coast.

Most Papuans live in small clan groups, isolated from each other. Of the highlands of Irian Jaya, the most extensive and accessible, located in its central part, is the Grand Baliem Valley - a 72-kilometer rock corridor through which the Baliem River flows. More than 100 thousand people from the Dani tribe live here in small villages scattered throughout this wide valley.

In Irian Jaya there are also places of compact residence of other Indonesian nationalities (Javanese, Malays, Ambonese), as well as descendants of Chinese and Dutch settlers.

The southern wetlands of the island are inhabited by warlike Asmats (former head hunters) and almost completely isolated Korowai, who build their houses in trees. The Korovayas, due to the inaccessibility of their habitat, have been practically untouched by modern civilization; they still retain a unique social structure and traditions.

IN West Irian They speak approximately 300 languages, most of which are different from each other. Bahasa Indonesia, along with local dialects, is used as a language of international communication.

Climate of Guinea- tropical, with a dry season in winter and a rainy season in summer, due to the arrival of the southwest monsoons.

Rainfall is higher in coastal regions, where 4,000 mm falls. rain per year, and less in the north and northeast of the country, where the amount is only slightly more than 1,000 mm. in year. Although rainfall is heavier along the coast, the rainy season lasts longer in southeastern Guinea, where the first rains occur as early as the second half of February, and the last in November; in Conakry, on the coast, it rains from May to November, and in Cankan, in the east, from May to October.

The interior regions of Guinea are almost all covered with hills and mountains, the highest of which reach 1,500 meters above sea level - such peaks are in the mountains of Fouta Djallon (in the northwest) and Nimba (in the southeast); The mountains contain the sources of some important rivers, such as the Niger, Senegal and Gambia. Altitude moderates Guinea's climate somewhat in these regions, so the warmest cities are located at lower altitudes, such as the city of Koundara in the north, located on the plain, where it is very hot from March to May, until the arrival of the monsoons, when maximum temperatures reach approximately 38-40 °C.

Below are the average air temperatures in Kundar.

As already noted, northern Guinea is the least rainy region of the country, and, moreover, the rainy season is shorter here.

Spring warming is less pronounced in coastal regions, where the climate is moderated by ocean breezes, but also in inland regions of the south-central part of the country, due to both the higher altitude and the earlier arrival of the monsoons. Therefore, in Nzerekore, located 500 meters above sea level in south-eastern Guinea, average daily temperatures do not rise above 32 °C in February and March, and in Conakry, located on the coast, above 32 °C in April.

As mentioned, southeast Guinea is a region where the rainy season lasts longer.

Winter in Guinea, lasting from December to February, is hot, dry and sunny, with a predominance of north-easterly winds, called harmattan who bring desert dust with them. Nights are usually cool, especially in inland regions, and daytime temperatures are usually high, around 32-34 °C, with peaks as high as 40 °C. In February, early rains occur in the south, and in the north-central regions the heat becomes even more intense.

The capital, Conakry, located on the coast, experiences little variation in temperatures throughout the year - in winter daytime temperatures are around 30-32 °C, and in the rainy season they drop to 27-29 °C, although high humidity makes it hot suffocating. Below are the average air temperatures in Conakry.

Conakry is the city that receives the most rain in Guinea. Most of the 4,000 mm. The annual precipitation ranges from June to mid-October, with particularly heavy rain in July and August, when it occurs almost every day and the sky is almost always covered with clouds.

The sea in Guinea is warm enough for swimming throughout the year.