Presentation of the New Year abroad. Celebrating the New Year in different countries of the world. New Year in different countries

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“How the New Year is celebrated in different countries of the world.” Prepared by teacher Metlenko Daria Municipal educational institution secondary school No. 1 in Aramil.

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The purpose of my work: - to collect and analyze information about the celebration of the New Year in different countries of the world.

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New Year is the children's favorite holiday. Even before the arrival of the New Year, New Year's markets open everywhere, lights on Christmas trees are turned on, and the streets are decorated with illuminations. In every home, children and adults prepare for his arrival. At midnight on December 31, with the last stroke of the clock, the New Year begins. In the morning, under the Christmas tree, children find gifts left by Father Frost and Snow Maiden. This happens in Russia. What about in other countries?

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Italy In Italy, the New Year begins on January 6th. All Italian children are looking forward to the good Fairy Befana. She flies in at night on a magic broom, opens the doors with a small golden key and, entering the room where the children sleep, fills the children's stockings, specially hung from the fireplace, with gifts. For those who have studied poorly or been naughty, Befana leaves a pinch of ash or coal. It's a shame, but he deserved it! Babbo Natale - Italian Santa Claus. In Italy, it is believed that the New Year should begin, freed from everything old. Therefore, on New Year's Eve it is customary to throw old things out of windows. You have to be careful if you don't want an iron or a straw chair to fall on your head. It is believed that new things will certainly take the vacated space. The following custom has long existed in the Italian provinces: on January 1, early in the morning you need to bring home “new water” from the source. “If you have nothing to give to your friends,” the Italians say, “give them “new water” with an olive branch.” It is believed that “new water” brings happiness. For Italians, it is also important who they meet first in the new year. If on January 1 the first person an Italian sees is a monk or priest, that’s bad. It is also undesirable to meet a small child, but meeting a nice grandfather is good. And it’s even better if he’s hunchbacked... Then the New Year will definitely be happy!

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England In England, Father Frost is called Santa Claus. On New Year's Day, theaters stage performances based on old English fairy tales for children. Lord Disorder leads a cheerful carnival procession, in which fairy-tale characters take part: Hobby Horse, March Hare, Humpty Dumpty, Punch and others. Throughout New Year's Eve, street vendors sell toys, whistles, squeakers, masks, and balloons. In England, the custom arose of exchanging greeting cards for the New Year. The first New Year's card was printed in London in 1843. Before going to bed, children put a plate on the table for the gifts that Santa Claus will bring them, and put hay in their shoes - a treat for the donkey. In England, a bell announces the arrival of the New Year. True, he starts calling a little earlier than midnight and does it in a “whisper” - the blanket with which he is wrapped prevents him from demonstrating all his power. But at exactly twelve the bells are undressed, and they begin to loudly sing hymns to the New Year. At these moments, lovers, in order not to separate next year, must kiss under a mistletoe branch, which is considered a magical tree.

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China Chinese New Year is fundamentally different from the calendar calendar we are used to, if only in that each year its celebration falls on a different date. This is due to the fact that the Eastern New Year begins on the first spring new moon, and therefore it is not tied to the change of date in the calendar, but directly depends on the movement of our companion, the Moon. In China, on New Year's Eve, countless small lanterns are lit on the streets and squares. The Chinese deliberately set off firecrackers and fireworks on New Year's Day. As legend has it, at this time bad spirits, expelled from different places, fly throughout China. They are looking for shelter for next year. And firecrackers and fireworks, according to legend, scare away spirits, and thereby prevent them from moving into a new house. As soon as dinner is over, according to tradition, adults give children money in red envelopes. This money is supposed to bring them happiness in the new year. Like all peoples of the world, the Chinese begin to visit each other after celebrating the New Year. And therefore, when going to someone, the Chinese always take two tangerines with them. In Chinese pronunciation, the phrase “two tangerines” is similar to the word “gold”. Therefore, if you receive two tangerines as a gift, this means that you are automatically wished a prosperous year. But, having received the orange fruit, you must also take two tangerines from your table and give them to your guests in order to wish them an equally successful year...

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Japan Japanese children celebrate the New Year in new clothes. It is believed to bring health and good luck in the New Year. On New Year's Eve, Japanese children hide under their pillow a picture of a sailboat on which seven fairy-tale wizards are sailing - the seven patrons of happiness. One hundred and eight rings of the bell herald the arrival of the New Year in Japan. According to a long-standing belief, each ringing “kills” one of the human vices. According to the Japanese, there are only six of them (greed, anger, stupidity, frivolity, indecision, envy), but each has 18 different shades - and the Japanese bell tolls for them. In the first seconds of the New Year, you should laugh - this should bring good luck. And so that happiness comes into the house, the Japanese decorate it, or rather the front door, with branches of bamboo and pine - symbols of longevity and fidelity. Every family prepares a New Year's treat called mochi - koloboks, flatbreads, and rolls made from rice flour. And in the morning, when the New Year comes into its own, the Japanese go out of their houses into the street to greet the sunrise. At first light they congratulate each other and give gifts. Japanese Santa Claus is called Segatsu-san - Mr. New Year. Girls' favorite New Year's entertainment is playing shuttlecock, and boys fly a traditional kite during the holiday. In Japan, lucky amulets such as rakes are in great demand among New Year's accessories. Every Japanese believes that it is necessary to have them in order to have something to rake in happiness for the New Year. Bamboo rakes - kumade - are made from 10 cm to 1.5 m in size and are decorated with various designs and talismans.

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Sweden And in Sweden, before the New Year, children choose the Queen of Light, Lucia. She is dressed in a white dress, and a crown with lit candles is placed on her head. Lucia brings gifts for children and treats for pets: cream for the cat, a sugar bone for the dog, and carrots for the donkey. On a festive night, the lights in the houses do not go out, the streets are brightly lit.

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Colombia The main character of the New Year's carnival in Colombia is Old Year. He walks around in the crowd on high stilts and tells funny stories to children. Papa Pasquale is the Colombian Santa Claus. No one knows how to make fireworks better than him.

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Vietnam New Year, Spring Festival, Tet - all these are the names of the most fun Vietnamese holiday. The branches of a blossoming peach - a symbol of the New Year - should be in every home. Children eagerly wait for midnight, when they can start firing small homemade firecrackers.

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Nepal In Nepal, New Year is celebrated at sunrise. At night, when the moon is full, Nepalese people light huge fires and throw unnecessary things into the fire. The next day, the Festival of Colors begins, and then the whole country turns into a huge rainbow. People paint their faces, arms, and chests with unusual patterns, and then dance and sing songs in the streets.

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France French Santa Claus - Père Noel - comes on New Year's Eve and leaves gifts in children's shoes. Per Noel's companion is Per Fouetard, a grandfather with rods, who reminds Per Noel how the child behaved during the year and what he deserves more - gifts or a spanking. The one who gets the bean baked into the New Year's pie receives the title of "bean king" and on the festive night everyone obeys his orders. According to tradition, a good winemaker must clink glasses with a barrel of wine, congratulate it on the holiday and drink to the future harvest. On this holiday, the French walk very noisily, eat a lot, have fun and wait for the arrival of the New Year. The French go out into the streets in fancy dress; they are called Sylvester Claus.

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Ireland Irish Christmas is more of a religious holiday than just entertainment. Lighted candles are placed near the window on the evening before Christmas to help Joseph and Mary if they are looking for shelter. Irish women bake a special treat called "seed cake" for each family member. They also make three puddings - one for Christmas, another for New Year's and a third for Epiphany Eve. In Ireland, on the evening before New Year's Eve, everyone opens the doors of their homes. Anyone who wishes can enter and will be a welcome guest. He will be treated and presented with a glass of wine with the words: “For peace in this house and in the whole world!” The next day a holiday is celebrated at home. An interesting old Irish tradition is to give a piece of coal for good luck.

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Finland In snowy Finland, the main winter holiday is Christmas, which is celebrated on December 25th. On Christmas night, having overcome a long journey from Lapland, Father Frost comes to homes, leaving a large basket of gifts for the joy of the children. New Year is a kind of repetition of Christmas. Once again the whole family gathers around a table bursting with a variety of dishes. On New Year's Eve, Finns try to find out their future and tell fortunes by melting wax and then pouring it into cold water.

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Germany To celebrate the New Year in Germany, houses are decorated with colorful garlands, pine wreaths and Santa Claus figurines. In Germany, Santa Claus appears on a donkey. Before going to bed, children put a plate on the table for the gifts that Santa Claus will bring them, and put hay in their shoes - a treat for his donkey. On New Year's Day in Germany, there is a funny tradition: as soon as the clock begins to strike twelve times, people of any age climb onto chairs, tables, armchairs and, with the last strike, all together, with joyful screams, “jump” into the New Year. After this, the celebration moves outside. One curious sign is associated with the New Year in Germany. It's good luck to meet a chimney sweep on New Year's Eve. But if he still manages to get dirty in soot, then he is guaranteed to have constant luck!

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Cuba Children's New Year's holiday in Cuba is called Kings Day. The wizard kings who bring gifts to children are named Balthazar, Gaspar and Melchor. The day before, children write letters to them in which they tell them about their cherished desires. On New Year's Eve, Cubans fill all the dishes in the house with water, and at midnight they begin to pour it out of the windows. Thus, all residents of Liberty Island wish the New Year a bright and clear path, like water. In the meantime, while the clock strikes 12 strokes, you need to eat 12 grapes, and then goodness, harmony, prosperity and peace will accompany you all twelve months.

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Panama There are numerous New Year's traditions in Panama, which Panamanians are very sensitive to and pass on to future generations. One of the most common customs for the New Year is to celebrate it as noisily as possible. When the New Year arrives, an unimaginable noise arises: cars are honking, people are screaming, dogs are barking... In the middle of the night it becomes very light - people are setting off fireworks and firecrackers everywhere. According to ancient belief, noise and light ward off evil. It is very popular to burn various dolls and mannequins at the stake, which are made by hand from paper, straw and other materials. By burning dolls at the stake, the residents of Panama say goodbye to the old year, and with it all sorts of misfortunes, adversities, failures and illnesses. And, of course, on New Year's Day Panamanians cannot do without visits. On this day, people visit their relatives and friends to congratulate them on the holiday and wish them good luck in the coming year.

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Hungary In Hungary, during the “fateful” first second of the New Year, they prefer to whistle - using not their fingers, but children’s pipes, horns, and whistles. It is believed that they are the ones who drive away evil spirits from the home and call for joy and prosperity. When preparing for the holiday, Hungarians do not forget about the magical power of New Year's dishes: beans and pears preserve the strength of spirit and body, apples - beauty and love, nuts can protect from harm, garlic - from diseases, and honey - sweeten life.

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Canada New Year is celebrated calmly and peacefully. Many people spend this holiday as an ordinary day of rest. Traditionally, Canadians celebrate this holiday not at the table, but on the street, among friends and acquaintances, or at cheerful friendly parties. But for many, celebrating the first minutes of the coming year still remains a family holiday, regardless of where it is held - at home or outside. On the main square of Toronto, a city that is the center of culture and business in Canada, on the evening of December 31, a concert is traditionally held to celebrate the New Year. This colorful entertainment show, in which famous presenters, singers, and performers take part, is exciting and fun every time. It ends when the clock strikes exactly midnight. After the festive concert, the New Year's fun focuses on the skating rink in the city center, where music continues to play for a long time, and skating, so beloved by Canadians, continues.

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India In different parts of India, New Year is celebrated at different times of the year. At the beginning of summer there is Lori holiday. Children collect dry branches, straw, and old things from the house in advance. In the evening, large bonfires are lit, around which people dance and sing. And when autumn comes, Diwali is celebrated - the festival of lights. Thousands of lamps are placed on the roofs of houses and on window sills and lit on the festive night. The girls float small boats across the water, with lights on them too.

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Israel New Year (Rosh Hashanah) is celebrated in Israel on the first two days of the month of Tishrei (September). Rosh Hashanah is the anniversary of the creation of the world and the beginning of the reign of God. On this day, the acceptance of God as ruler is reaffirmed. The New Year holiday is a day of intense prayers and low-key fun. According to custom, on the eve of the holiday they eat special food: apples with honey, pomegranate, fish, as a symbolic expression of hopes for the coming year. Each meal is accompanied by a short prayer. Generally, it is customary to eat sweet foods and abstain from bitter foods. On the first day of the New Year, it is customary to go to the water and say the Tashlikh prayer.

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Burma In Burma, the New Year falls between April 12 and April 17. The Ministry of Culture notifies the exact day of the celebration by a special order, and the holiday lasts three days. According to ancient beliefs, the rain gods live on the stars. Sometimes they gather at the edge of the sky to play with each other. And then it rains on the earth, which promises a rich harvest. To gain the favor of the star spirits, the Burmese came up with a competition - tug of war. Men from two villages take part in them, and in the city - from two streets. And women and children applaud and shout, urging on the lazy rain spirits.

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Czech Republic and Slovakia A cheerful man, dressed in a shaggy fur coat, a tall lambskin hat, and with a box on his back, comes to Czech and Slovak children. His name is Mikulas. For those who studied well, he always has gifts.

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Ukraine In Ukraine, New Year's Eve was called "generous evening." Children walked from house to house, carried a large straw doll, Kolyada, congratulated the owners, sang songs - “shchedrovki” or “carols”. Guests were given gifts - horses, cows, and cockerels baked from dough.

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Holland Santa Claus arrives in Holland on a ship. The children joyfully greet him at the pier. Santa Claus loves funny pranks and surprises and often gives children marzipan fruits, toys, and candy flowers.

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Scotland In Scotland, more precisely, in some villages of this country, the New Year is celebrated with a kind of torchlight procession: barrels of tar are set on fire and rolled through the streets. In this way, the Scots “burn” the old year and light the way for the new one. The morning of the New Year is even more important for them than New Year's Eve itself: after all, the well-being of the owners depends on who is the first to enter the house on this day. It is believed that a dark-haired man who comes with a gift brings happiness.

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Afghanistan Nowruz, the Afghan New Year, falls on March 21. This is the time when agricultural work begins. The village elder makes the first furrow in the field. On the same day, fun fairs open, where magicians, tightrope walkers, and musicians perform.

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Ethiopia New Year in Ethiopia begins on September 11th. It coincides with the end of the big rains and the beginning of the harvest. On New Year's Eve, festive processions, fun games and festivities are organized; the bravest compete in jumping over fire.

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Austria Here, the modern custom of gifts and greetings for the New Year was widespread at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries. Now it is customary to give figurines or send postcards with traditional symbols of happiness - soottruss, four-leaf clover, pig. Dinner on December 31st should be rich so that you can live well in the new year. Jellied pig or pork was a mandatory meat dish. They believed that in order to be happy, you need to eat a piece of the head or snout of a pig - this is called “taking part in the pig’s happiness.”

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Bulgaria In Bulgaria, people traditionally celebrate the New Year at home. Before the start of the holiday, the youngest person in the house stands near the Christmas tree and sings carols to the guests. Grateful relatives and guests give him gifts. The most interesting thing begins with the 12th strike of the clock. At this time, the lights in the houses go out for a moment for New Year's kisses. Only after this does the hostess begin to cut the pie with surprises baked in it. If you get a coin - expect wealth, a rose branch - love. The same surprise cake tradition is common in Romania.

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Brazil On New Year's Eve, residents of Rio de Janeiro go to the ocean and bring gifts to the Goddess of the Sea Yemanja. The traditional white clothes that everyone wears to celebrate the New Year symbolize the prayer for peace addressed to Yemanja. The Goddess of the Sea was worshiped by the descendants of Africans who were once brought into slavery in galleys to Brazil. Now the worship of this goddess has become part of Brazilian culture. Believers bring gifts to the goddess: flowers, white candles, perfumes, mirrors, jewelry. Gifts are placed in small boats and sent out to sea as a sign of gratitude for the past year and as a request for protection in the coming year. Other colors are sometimes added to white clothes, meaning additional requests: health - pink, hope - green, attraction, love - red, prosperity - yellow or gold.

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Spain In Spain there is such a New Year's custom. A huge crowd of people gathers in the square in front of the city church, and everyone begins to make speeches, remembering the events of the past year. This continues for quite a long time until one of the speakers remembers some dead donkey. This donkey is “divided” among the residents, each remembering its faults and even small weaknesses. A frivolous and flighty woman will get the tail, a bully will get the skin, a dancer will get the legs, a chatterbox will get the tongue... Perhaps this is where the expression “the ears of a dead donkey are like a dead donkey” came to walk around the world. On New Year's Eve, townspeople take to the streets and squares where festivities take place. And when the city clock strikes midnight, all acquaintances and strangers begin to congratulate each other, wish each other health, good luck and exchange gifts. Also in Spain, there is a custom in many villages of the country, although in a humorous form, of entering into fictitious marriages. On New Year's Eve, girls and boys from the entire village draw their fate - pieces of paper with the names of fellow villagers of both sexes. Guys thus get “brides”, girls - “grooms”. In some places, for example, in the district of Ourency, this procedure takes place in front of bonfires near the church porch. Married couples that have formed are considered lovers until the very end of the holiday and behave accordingly.

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Türkiye Muslims are not prohibited from celebrating the New Year, but it is not recommended to decorate the Christmas tree and invite Santa Claus. This is stated in the New Year's statement by the head of Turkish Muslims. The tradition of celebrating the New Year is recognized throughout the world and is part of world culture, but Christmas is a religious holiday and has nothing to do with the New Year. Muslims should not confuse the two holidays, and the use of Christmas symbols on New Year's Day indicates "religious and cultural degradation." The tradition of celebrating the New Year with a Christmas tree is widespread in Turkey. However, in a number of Muslim countries, New Year celebrations are not encouraged. In particular, in Saudi Arabia this is punishable by arrest.

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Mongolia In Mongolia, with the arrival of the first day of the New Year, a truly national celebration begins in the country. The official New Year in the country is January 1, and the New Year according to the lunar calendar is called “Tsagaan Sar” (in 2010 - from February 14). According to tradition, every family says goodbye to the old year. In "bituun" - the so-called farewell to the old year - you cannot quarrel, argue, swear and deceive, this is considered a great sin. In Mongolia, the New Year is celebrated at the Christmas tree, although the Mongolian Santa Claus comes to the children dressed as a cattle breeder. On the New Year's holiday, sports competitions, games, and tests of dexterity and courage are held.

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Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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New Year is a truly international holiday, but different countries celebrate it in their own way. Italians throw old irons and chairs out of windows with all the southern passion, Panamanians try to make as much noise as possible by turning on their car sirens, whistling and shouting. In Ecuador, special significance is attached to underwear, which brings love and money; in Bulgaria, the lights are turned off because the first minutes of the New Year are the time for New Year's kisses. In Japan, instead of 12, the bell rings 108 times, and the best New Year's accessory is considered to be a rake - to rake in good fortune. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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New Year is the most mysterious holiday, opening up to us a world of good fairy tales and magic. Trusting kids, busy teenagers, serious adults and superstitious grannies - everyone is counting the minutes until the holiday. Fussy Japanese, reserved English, hot Finns and loving French - everyone celebrates the New Year. Everyone is waiting for Father Frost, Santa Claus and Julia Tomten, making wishes and giving gifts. About where, how, what, how many... Santa Clauses, gifts, surprises, kisses... this page will tell you. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Finland Sweden France Cyprus Romania Mongolia USA, Canada, Great Britain Italy Uzbekistan Muslim countries Spain Estonia Russia Origin of Santa Claus Wishes China Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Rus', the famous grandfather, Father Frost, Red Nose Frost, Voivode Frost, is St. Nicholas, Nicholas the Wonderworker. His clothing has long been a long red and white fur coat. Santa Claus has a long white beard and holds a staff in his hands. He comes to visit not only with gifts, but also with his granddaughter Snegurochka. Veliky Ustyug several years ago was named the Patrimony of Father Frost himself. New Year in Veliky Ustyug is a real celebration of life. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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There are quite a lot of traditions for celebrating the New Year in Russia. But what’s interesting is that most of them are borrowed from Western culture. This is apparently explained by two reasons: firstly, the arrival of Christianity in Slavic Rus' completely, or almost completely destroyed the pagan traditions of welcoming the new year and seeing off the old one. Secondly, the nobility and nobility imported new Western customs into Russia, which were subsequently adopted by the common people and became popular. Moreover, each era brought something new. From the times of Slavic paganism we inherited mummers, buffoons and jesters. The era of Peter the Great and subsequent reformer rulers brought a New Year tree with toys, fireworks, Santa Claus and a New Year's table (delicacies such as Olivier salads and vinaigrette were not known before him; they made do with porridge and pies). And the country of the Soviets gave us Father Frost and the Snow Maiden, the obligatory Champagne with tangerines on the table and the striking of the Chimes. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In the USA, Canada, Great Britain and Western Europe, he is called Santa Claus. He is dressed in a red jacket trimmed with white fur and red trousers. There is a red cap on the head. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Finland, New Year's grandfather is called Joulupkki. He wears a tall cone-shaped hat, long hair, and red clothing. He is surrounded by gnomes in peaked hats and capes trimmed with white fur. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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And in Estonia, Santa Claus is called Jyuluvan and he looks like his Finnish relative. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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There are two Santa Clauses in Sweden: a stooped grandfather with a knobby nose - Yultomten and the dwarf Yulnissaar. Both of them go from house to house on New Year’s Eve and leave gifts on the windowsills. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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There are also two Santa Clauses in France. One is called Père-Noël, which means Father Christmas. He is kind and brings gifts to the children in a basket. The second one is called Chalande. This bearded old man wears a fur hat and a warm traveling cloak. His basket contains rods for naughty and lazy children. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Cyprus, Santa Claus is called Vasily. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Italy, old lady Befana comes to the children. On New Year's Eve, she flies into houses through the chimney and brings gifts to good children, while the naughty ones get only ashes. New Year's holidays in Italy fall at the end of December - beginning of January. In all cities, the streets are brightly lit, celebrations and concerts are held. In Venice, for example, the lions guarding the palazzo are given caps and beards glued on their heads, Christmas trees in pots are placed on all balconies, sails with the image of Santa Claus appear on yachts. In Rome, Christmas trees are installed in squares and decorated with toys and flowers; shop windows, restaurants and house balconies are decorated with garlands with red ribbons. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In the Basque Country, Father Christmas is called Olentzero. He is dressed in national homespun clothes and carries with him a flask of good Spanish wine. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Romania, the “snow grandfather” is called Mos Jerile. He is very similar to our Santa Claus. According to Romanian beliefs, on New Year's Eve, Christmas, Epiphany and Easter, the heavens open for a moment. Anyone who saw this could ask God for whatever he wanted. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Mongolia, Santa Claus looks like a shepherd. He is dressed in a shaggy fur coat and a large fox hat. On his side is a snuffbox, flint and steel, and in his hands is a long whip. In Mongolia, as paradoxical as it may seem at first glance, a rake is an invariable attribute of the New Year. With these rakes, the Mongols apparently “raking in happiness” on New Year’s Eve. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In Uzbekistan his name is Kerbobo. He is dressed in a striped robe and a red skullcap. Kerbobo enters the villages on a donkey loaded with bags of New Year's gifts. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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In early May, an old man named Khyzyr Ilyas comes to Muslim countries with gifts. He wears a red cap entwined with a green scarf and a green robe with flowers embroidered on it. Unlike the European New Year's Eve, Nowruz is usually celebrated during the day, but still with family. In Iran, seven items are traditionally placed on the New Year's table, the names of which begin with the letter "s". These necessarily include green sprouted grains (saben), bread (sangak), plates with colored eggs and a vessel in which fish swim. Be sure to prepare a ritual dish called samani from the juice of sprouted wheat grains and gata (a type of cookie) with a magical bead of happiness. Whoever gets the bead will have good luck and happiness all year long. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Chinese Santa Claus is called very simply: Dong Che Lao Ren, Shan Dan Laozhen or Sho Hin. There are a lot of Chinese children, and Shan Dan Laozhen has more than enough work on New Year's Eve. But he will definitely come to every child and leave a gift for him. Shan Dan Laozhen is a wise old man, he wears silk robes, has a long beard, and has studied Confucius, Wushu and Aikido. He travels around the country on a donkey. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Just think that the ancestors of Santa Claus in different countries are considered to be gnomes and troubadours singing songs at Christmas, and wandering sellers of children's toys. There is an opinion that among the relatives of Father Frost is the East Slavic spirit of cold Treskun, aka Studenets, Frost. The image of Santa Claus has evolved over the centuries, and each nation has made its own contribution to the image of this character. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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Let's try to determine the main features of the Russian Father Frost that correspond to both historical and modern ideas about this fairy-tale wizard. According to one of the researchers of the image of Father Frost, the traditional appearance of Father Frost, according to ancient mythology and color symbolism, suggests: Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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The beard and hair are thick, gray (silver). These details of appearance, in addition to their “physiological” meaning (the old man is gray-haired), also have a huge symbolic character, denoting power, happiness, prosperity and wealth. Surprisingly, hair is the only detail of the appearance that has not undergone any significant changes over the millennia. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

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The shirt and trousers are white, linen, decorated with white geometric patterns, symbolizing purity. Lidiya Andreevna Lazareva, primary school teacher, Riga Basic School “PARDAUGAVA”, Riga, Latvia

Irina Efimova
Presentation “How New Year and Christmas are celebrated in different countries”

Hello, dear colleagues, friends and guests who have visited me at page!

Preschool age is very important in a child's life. This is a vibrant period of discovery, surprise, and curiosity. The potential of a preschooler grows and acquires new forms, the desire to learn coincides with intellectual capabilities, which means a favorable time for development.

The creativity, skill and desire of the teacher makes it possible to implement program goals and objectives in a non-standard form, instilling in preschool children positive emotions from communicating with the world of knowledge.

This methodological development "How" can be used by teachers in joint work with children of senior preschool age.

Indeed, traditions among all nations different, but the New Year holiday for the majority is, first of all, a Christmas tree (or other holiday tree, gifts and who brings these gifts. In some countries celebrate only Christmas, A New a year is simply the beginning of the next year (as we have the beginning of the next month, or just NEW YEAR.

We are used to that New Year is a Christmas tree, gifts, Santa Claus. In addition to these three points, to the list about New Every year, little children also add the Snow Maiden, matinees, New Year's costumes, tangerines and fireworks.

What about others? countries children think about the New Year? We learn from presentations" How celebrate New Year and Christmas in different countries!

Publications on the topic:

Didactic game “Pilots in different countries” Purpose: to introduce children to animals from different countries, the characteristics of their behavior; learn to imitate.

"New Year in Russia and in other countries." Summary of OOD in the form of an excursion to the mini-museum “Friendship of Peoples” for the senior group“New Year in Russia and other countries” Prepared and conducted by: teacher Petrova E. S. December, 2017.

Summary of a lesson on cognitive development in the senior group “How the New Year is celebrated in different countries of the world” Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution Child Development Center - Kindergarten "Neposeda" in Mozhaisk (MADOU "Neposeda"

GCD in the senior group “Tea drinking traditions in different countries of the world” Direct educational activities on speech development in the senior group. Topic: “Tea drinking traditions in different countries of the world.” Target:.

Information for conversations with children and for preparing events “Traditions of celebrating the New Year in different countries.” Part 3 We continue our New Year's trip around the world. And now it’s closer to us! Expulsion of evil spirits. Switzerland. In the villages of this country.

Information for conversations with children and for preparing events “Traditions of celebrating the New Year in different countries.” Part 1[The whole planet loves the cheerful New Year celebration. People of all countries are happy about it, everyone is preparing for it, everyone is celebrating it. But not all at the same time.

Information for conversations with children and for preparing events “Traditions of celebrating the New Year in different countries.” Part 2 We continue our New Year's trip around the world. And this time we will start it from the land of the “rising sun”... “There...

Presentation “New academic year on the threshold of a preschool educational institution” IMPLEMENTATION OF A PRIORITY DIRECTION OF ACTIVITY OF A PRESIDENTIAL INDUSTRY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE BASIC GENERAL EDUCATION PROGRAM OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION.

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Celebrating the New Year in different countries of the world Performed by: Nastya Knyazeva, 1D grade student Supervisor: T.I. Voronina Balakovo Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 20”

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New Year is the most favorite holiday of children. Every child is waiting for some gifts. In every family, children with great joy decorate their rooms, prepare New Year's cards, write letters to Santa Claus, decorate the Christmas tree and wait for an extraordinary miracle, and suddenly at that moment the door of the room opens and on the threshold are Father Frost and the Snow Maiden. This is how the New Year is celebrated in Russia. Russia Father Frost and Snow Maiden

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In Russia, the New Year tree was introduced by Peter 1. On January 1, 1700, he ordered that all houses be decorated with spruce (juniper or pine) branches according to the samples exhibited in Gostiny Dvor. We have a Christmas tree. And in Vietnam it is replaced by peach branches. In Japan, bamboo and plum branches are attached to pine branches.

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China. You need to douse yourself with water while people are congratulating you. In China, the New Year tradition of bathing the Buddha has been preserved. On this day, all Buddha statues in temples and monasteries are respectfully washed in clean water from mountain springs. And people themselves douse themselves with water at the moment when others pronounce New Year's wishes for happiness at them. Therefore, on this holiday, everyone walks the streets in thoroughly wet clothes. On New Year's Day, red color predominates everywhere - the color of the sun, the color of joy.

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Greece. Guests carry stones - large and small. In Greece, guests take with them a large stone, which they throw at the threshold, saying the words: “Let the host’s wealth be as heavy as this stone.” And if they don’t get a big stone, they throw a small stone with the words: “Let the thorn in the owner’s eye be as small as this stone.” New Year is the day of St. Basil, who was known for his kindness. Greek children leave their shoes by the fireplace in the hope that St. Basil will fill the shoes with gifts.

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Cuba. They pour water out of the windows. On New Year's Eve, Cubans fill all the dishes in the house with water, and at midnight they start pouring it out of the windows. This is how all the residents of Liberty Island wish the New Year a bright and clear path, like water. In the meantime, while the clock strikes 12 strokes, you need to eat 12 grapes, and then goodness, harmony, prosperity and peace will accompany you all twelve months. Children's New Year's holiday in Cuba is called Kings Day. The Cuban New Year is similar to ours, only here instead of a Christmas tree they decorate araucaria - a local coniferous plant

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Italy. On New Year's Day, irons and old chairs fly from the windows. Italian Santa Claus - Babbo Natale. In Italy, it is believed that the New Year should begin, freed from everything old. Therefore, on New Year's Eve it is customary to throw old things out of windows. Italians really like this custom, and they fulfill it with the passion characteristic of southerners: old irons, chairs and other rubbish fly out the window. According to signs, new things will certainly take the vacated space. In Italy, the New Year begins on January 6th.

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Germany. Santa Claus comes to the Germans on a donkey. In Germany, they believe that Santa Claus appears on a donkey on New Year's Day. Before going to bed, children put a plate on the table for the gifts that Santa Claus will bring them, and put hay in their shoes - a treat for his donkey. The custom of bringing a Christmas tree home and decorating it arose in the 16th century in Germany. Since then, a Christmas tree has been installed in every home on New Year's Day.

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France. A bean is baked into a gingerbread French Santa Claus - Père Noel - comes on New Year's Eve and leaves gifts in children's shoes. The one who gets the bean baked into the New Year's pie receives the title of "bean king" and on the festive night everyone obeys his orders.

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Finland - Homeland of Father Frost Finnish Father Frost, who is considered the most real in the world, is actually called quite funny - Joulupukki. This is translated, oddly enough, as Christmas Goat. There is nothing offensive in the second part of the name, it’s just that many years ago Santa Claus wore not a fur coat, but a goat’s skin and also delivered gifts on a goat. On New Year's Eve, having overcome the long journey from Lapland, Father Frost comes to the house, leaving a large basket of gifts for the joy of the children.

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Panama The Loudest New Year In Panama at midnight, when the New Year is just beginning, all the bells ring, sirens howl, cars honk. The Panamanians themselves - both children and adults - at this time shout loudly and knock on everything they can get their hands on. And all this noise is to “appease” the year that is coming.

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India. New Year - the festival of lights In different parts of India, New Year is celebrated at different times of the year. At the beginning of summer there is Lori holiday. Children collect dry branches, straw, and old things from the house in advance. In the evening, large bonfires are lit, around which people dance and sing. And when autumn comes, Diwali is celebrated - the festival of lights. Thousands of lamps are placed on the roofs of houses and on window sills and lit on the festive night. The girls float small boats across the water, with lights on them too.

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America Greeting Card Record Holder America annually breaks all records for greeting cards and New Year's gifts. On Christmas night, groups of boys and girls with lanterns in their hands carry from house to house a large cardboard star decorated with pieces of colored paper. Children sing funny songs, and residents offer them refreshing drinks and treat them with sweets.

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Japan. The best gift is a rake to rake in happiness. The most popular New Year's accessory is a rake. Every Japanese believes that it is necessary to have them in order to have something to rake in happiness for the New Year. In the first seconds of the New Year, you should laugh - this should bring good luck. In the morning, when the New Year comes into its own, the Japanese go out of their houses into the street to greet the sunrise. At first light they congratulate each other and give gifts.

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England The tradition of “letting in the New Year” The custom of “letting in the New Year” is widespread in the British Isles. When the clock strikes 12, the back door of the house is opened to let out the Old Year, and with the last stroke of the clock, the front door is opened to let in the New Year. Throughout New Year's Eve, street vendors sell toys, whistles, squeakers, masks, and balloons. In England, the custom arose of exchanging greeting cards for the New Year.

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Santa Claus In the USA, Canada, Great Britain and Western Europe, Father Frost is called Santa Claus. He is dressed in a red jacket trimmed with white fur and red trousers. There is a red cap on the head. Santa Claus smokes a pipe, travels through the air on reindeer, and enters a house through a pipe. Children leave milk and cookies for him under the tree.

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Hungary You need to whistle for the New Year In Hungary, in the “fateful” first second of the New Year, they prefer to whistle - and using not their fingers, but children's pipes, horns, and whistles. It is believed that they are the ones who drive away evil spirits from the home and call for joy and prosperity.