What is the name of the arch in Kutuzovsky. Triumphal Arch on Kutuzovsky Prospekt. Perfect beauty of form
The construction of the stone memorial designed by Osip Bove lasted for several years due to lack of funds. The arch was decorated with Russian knights - allegorical images of Victory, Glory and Courage. Above them are high reliefs “The Expulsion of the Gauls from Moscow” by I.T. Timofeeva and “Liberated Moscow” by I.P. Vitali. On the cornice you can see the coats of arms of the administrative regions of Russia that participated in the war with Napoleon, figures of Glory and Victory. And the Arc de Triomphe is crowned by six horses with the goddess of victory Nike.
The inscription on the arch was chosen personally by Nicholas I: To the blessed memory of Alexander I, who raised this capital city from the ashes and decorated with many monuments of paternal care, during the invasion of the Gauls and with them the twelve languages, in the summer of 1812, dedicated to the fire, 1826. On one side of the arch the inscription was in Russian, and on the other - in Latin.
After reconstruction, the inscription on the main facade was changed. The new text was taken from a bronze foundation board embedded in the base of the Triumphal Arch: These Triumphal Gates were laid as a sign of remembrance of the triumph of Russian soldiers in 1814 and the restoration of the construction of magnificent monuments and buildings of the capital city of Moscow, destroyed in 1812 by the invasion of the Gauls and with them the twelve languages.
The words of M.I. are carved on the second memorial plaque. Kutuzova: This glorious year has passed. But the great deeds and exploits you have done there will not pass away or become silent; your descendants will preserve them in their memory. You saved the Fatherland with your blood. Brave and victorious troops! Each of you is the savior of the Fatherland.
In 1936 A.V. Shchusev, in accordance with the General Plan of Moscow 1935, developed a project for the reconstruction of Tverskaya Zastava Square. No place was found for the Arc de Triomphe.
The memorial obstructed traffic and was dismantled. Some of the sculptures were transferred to the Museum of Architecture on the territory of the Donskoy Monastery. Then some elements were mounted into monuments on the Borodino Field, and part of the decor of the Arc de Triomphe is still kept in the Museum of Architecture.
At first they wanted to restore the arch on Tverskaya Zastava Square, but in 1966-1968 the monument was recreated on Kutuzovsky Prospekt using old drawings and photographs. Thus a historical incident arose that the Arc de Triomphe began to greet Napoleon entering Moscow.
Since the time of Peter the Great, the most striking victories of the Russian people have been celebrated with some kind of majestic structure that will remind of the country’s feat. The Arc de Triomphe or the Moscow triumphal gate, erected in the early thirties of the 19th century in honor of the 1812 victory over Napoleon Bonaparte, is precisely such a monument.
History of the monument
The history of the monument goes back to the first half of the 19th century to the distant Tverskaya outpost, where it was originally erected, not from stone, but from wooden materials. The architectural structure was crowned by a chariot of glory; the cornice rose on monumental columns, which represented a majestic gate decorated with statues of liberators and images of the departure of enemy troops. But, since the monument quickly deteriorated and became unusable, they soon decided to replace the wooden arch with a stone one in order to preserve it for a longer period.
Nicholas I and the Arc de Triomphe
Initially, the idea of creating the Arc de Triomphe belonged to the Russian Emperor Nicholas I, who was inspired by the projects being built at that time in St. Petersburg, and wanted to build something similar in Moscow. The project was entrusted to the most famous at that time Osip Ivanovich Bova. But lack of finance and lack of government assistance have been the centuries-old scourge of Russia, so construction was extended over several years.
For more than a century, the legendary monument to the great victory of the Fatherland existed at the Tverskaya Zastava, and only in 1936, in connection with the reconstruction and expansion of Moscow streets and squares, a decision was made to move the famous gate.
Relocation of the Arc de Triomphe
Tverskaya Zastava and Triumphal Gate in the 1920s. In the background is Belorussky StationThe arch was carefully disassembled, the museum architects made careful measurements for subsequent restoration work, and the parts were placed in storage at the museum. It was not restored immediately, but only thirty years later. One can only imagine how complex and painstaking work fell to the architects and engineers of that time.
Using the remaining drawings, drawings and old photographs, it was necessary to restore the monument to its original form, filling in those details that had irretrievably disappeared. On the arch cornice alone, it was necessary to place more than a thousand independent parts!
A huge team worked to recreate the lost fragments: using plaster casts, they re-cast the shapes of details of military armor and coats of arms of ancient cities. The panorama of the “Battle of Borodino” helped a lot in this process, some compositions from which were also used.
There was also a lot of controversy regarding the choice of location. Undoubtedly, when the arch was initially erected in the 19th century, it looked majestic anywhere in Moscow, since the nearby houses were not distinguished by their height, and after a century the capital had changed beyond recognition, and it was difficult to preserve the architect’s original idea among the high-rise buildings and highways.
The Arch was installed on Kutuzovsky Prospekt not far from Victory Park, where it fit perfectly into the bustle of Moscow life, reminding people of the great feat of the Russian people, who from time immemorial have stood guard over the Fatherland.
Triumphal Arch- This is one of the most significant monuments of the Patriotic War of 1812, which silently reminds of those great events sung by many writers of past years.
In the photo: the process of moving the arch from Tverskaya Zastava, 1939. 
1974 Kutuzovsky Avenue 
Peter I and his reforms are associated with the emergence in Russia of, in addition to traditional church and new secular holidays. Such holidays included, in particular, solemn processions. The first processions to Moscow were organized in honor of military victories, but very soon they began to celebrate other events that were considered to be of national importance. The construction of triumphal gates associated with the festive ritual and the arrangement of “fiery fun” - fireworks - were timed to coincide with such holidays.
In 1696, on the occasion of the capture of Azov - the first major victory of the Russian regular army and navy, which grew out of the amusing regiments and flotillas of Peter, the first secular celebration was organized - a solemn procession through the whole of Moscow of the victorious troops that entered the city from the south.
Russian fleet near Azov. 18th century engraving.
The culminating moment of their meeting was their passage through the triumphal gates at the Vsesvyatsky (Big Stone) Bridge. They were a decoration, leaning closely against the first passage arch of a double-tented (in those days) bridge.
What did these first Russian triumphal gates look like? One of the most thorough and profound biographers of Peter I. Golikov described them as follows: “At the entrance to the stone bridge, a triumphal gate was built, in the image of the ancient Roman ceremonial gate, with the following decorations: on the right side of it, on a pedestal, a statue of Mars, holding in his right hand sword, on the left shield with the inscription: Mars's courage; at his feet are slaves, a Tatar Murza with a bow and a quiver, and behind him two Tatars chained... On the left side is a statue of Hercules on the same pedestal, holding in his right hand his usual club, and in the left a green branch with the inscription Hercules fortress. At his feet lay Pasha of Azov in a turban and two chained Turks...”
In 1753-1757 D.V. Ukhtomsky finally erected a stone gate. From the middle
XVIII century they received the name Red Gate, as through them passed
road to Krasnoye Selo. In 1928, the gate and the nearby Church of the Three
saints were demolished.
The Red Gate was a rather rare monument in Moscow of the so-called Elizabethan Baroque.
F. Benoit. Triumphal Gate. 1848
The buildings of the guardhouses that stood on the sides of the Triumphal Gate are clearly visible.
In mid-1814, for the solemn welcome of the victorious Russian troops returning from Western Europe, a wooden Triumphal Arch was built at the Tverskaya Outpost. But the monument quickly deteriorated, and in 1826 it was decided to replace the wooden arch with a stone one. The development of the project was entrusted to the architect O.I. Beauvais. The project presented by the master was a complex consisting of the arch itself and two guardhouses located on both sides of the Petersburg highway. Sculptors I.P. worked on the sculptural decoration of the arch. Vitali and I.T. Timofeev.
The ceremonial laying of the arch took place on August 17, 1829. The construction of the Triumphal Gate lasted five years. On September 20, 1834, the official opening of this monument took place.
The Triumphal Gate stood at the Tverskaya outpost for 102 years. In 1936, it was decided to redevelop the area near the Belorussky Station, and the Arc de Triomphe was dismantled. For more than 30 years, the sculptural decoration of the arch was kept in the Donskoy Monastery.
In 1966, the question of restoring the arch was raised. After discussing a number of options, it was decided to install the Triumphal Gate on Kutuzovsky Prospekt next to Poklonnaya Gora. Now the arch was erected without guardhouses, not as a passing gate, but as a monument.
During the reconstruction, the proportions of the arch were somewhat distorted.
Some of the original elements of the arch’s decoration can now be seen in the courtyard of the Museum of Architecture. They're piled up there in the corner.
Triumphal Arch on Kutuzovsky Prospekt (on Victory Square). Photo from the 1970s.
Next time we can talk about the triumphal gates, which were located on the territory of former estates near Moscow, and are now part of Moscow... Something has been preserved, for example, in Izmailovo on Serebryanny Island...
The triumphal arch in Moscow was erected in honor of the victory of the Russian people in the War of 1812.
Triumphal Arch in Moscow was built from 1829 to 1834. It replaced the old wooden arch of 1814 on Tverskaya Zastava Square, which was built to welcome Russian troops returning from Paris after the victory over the French. The walls of the newly built arch were lined with white stone, and the columns and sculpture were cast from cast iron. The arch was originally called the Moscow Triumphal Gate
On both sides of the triumphal arch there was a commemorative inscription, on the one hand in Russian, on the other in Latin: “To the blessed memory of Alexander I, who raised from the ashes and adorned this capital city with many monuments of paternal care, during the invasion of the Gauls and with them twenty languages , in the summer of 1812, dedicated to the fire, 1826", but after reconstruction it was replaced by another: "This Triumphal Gate was laid as a sign of remembrance of the triumph of Russian soldiers in 1814 and the resumption of the construction of magnificent monuments and buildings of the capital city of Moscow, destroyed in 1812 by the invasion of the Gauls and with them twelve languages"
Arc de Triomphe at night and day
The arch was dismantled in 1936, during the reconstruction of the square, and it was recreated only in the late 60s on Kutuzovsky Prospekt. Its brick floors were replaced with reinforced concrete, and the cast-iron 12-meter columns were cast anew following the example of the only column of the old arch that had survived to that time.
Decorative elements of the Arc de Triomphe in Moscow
Many people confuse these Triumphal Gates with the triumphal arches erected on Triumphal Square. To reduce confusion, Triumphal Square was even renamed the Old Triumphal Gate Square
Now Triumphal Arch located on Victory Square in the Poklonnaya Gora area
Moscow triumphal gates in honor of the victory of the Russian people in the Patriotic War of 1812. Built in 1829 - 1834. designed by the architect Osip Ivanovich Bove, sculptors Ivan Petrovich Vitali, Ivan Timofeevich Timofeev. Restored in 1968.
Description of the Arc de Triomphe
The Moscow triumphal gate is a single-span arch with six pairs of 12-meter cast-iron columns located around two arched supports - pylons. The building faces the entrance to the city according to the old tradition, according to which the triumphal gate was the main facade to the road leading into the city.
Between pairs of columns in niches there are cast figures of warriors in ancient Russian armor on high pedestals. At the top of the pylons, above the figures of warriors, there are high reliefs: “The Expulsion of the French” (the original name was “The Expulsion of the Gauls from Moscow”) and “Liberated Moscow”. Along the perimeter of the cornice are the coats of arms of administrative districts, whose residents participated in the fight against the enemy. Above the cornice are allegorical statues of the goddesses of Victory in a sitting position, with wreaths and scepters in their hands, at whose feet are piled trophies of war.
The arch is crowned with the chariot of Glory - six horses and a chariot with the winged goddess of Victory rising on it with a laurel wreath raised high in her right hand, crowning the winners. On the main facade there is an embedded cast-iron slab with the text of the foundation board of 1829 (see "History of the Arc de Triomphe").
The height of the Arc de Triomphe is 28 meters.
History of the Arc de Triomphe
The Arc de Triomphe was built in mid-1814 for the ceremonial welcome of Russian troops returning from Western Europe with victory. Initially, the arch was wooden and was installed at the Tverskaya Zastava (in the area of the current Belorussky railway station). The wooden structure was short-lived and quickly deteriorated; in 1826, a decision was made to build a stone Arc de Triomphe.
The new project was developed and adopted in April 1829. On August 17, 1829, the ceremonial laying of the stone arch took place. The inscription on the bronze plaque embedded in the base of the future monument read: “This Triumphal Gate was laid as a sign of remembrance of the triumph of Russian soldiers in 1814 and the resumption by the construction of magnificent monuments and buildings of the capital city, destroyed in 1812 by the invasion of the Gauls and with them the twelve languages.”
The construction of the Triumphal Gate lasted 5 years and was completed in 1834; on September 20, 1834, its grand opening took place. The Metropolitan of Moscow refused to consecrate the monument due to the presence of sculptural images of mythological gods on it.
In 1936, a decision was made to reconstruct the square near the Belorussky railway station in order to expand the road from Gorky Street to Leningradskoye Shosse. The triumphal gates were dismantled, the sculptures and decoration of the arch were transferred to the A. V. Shchusev Museum of Architecture on the territory of the former Donskoy Monastery.
Thirty years later, in 1966, it was decided to restore the Arc de Triomphe in a new location - on Kutuzovsky Prospekt. The project was developed by the 7th workshop of Mosproekt-3. A team of restorers under the leadership of V. Libson had to recreate the original appearance of the arch using surviving photographs and drawings. Sculptors-restorers of the Production and Art Plant of the USSR Ministry of Culture prepared more than 150 models - exact copies of decorative elements, the metal casting of which was carried out at the Mytishchi plant. 12 cast iron 12-meter columns (weighing 16 tons each) were cast at the Stankolit plant from fragments of the only surviving column. After the project for the reconstruction of the entrance square to Kutuzovsky Prospekt was approved by the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council, the construction of the arch began, which was carried out by the 37th Construction Department of the Trust for the Construction of Embankments and Bridges.