Where is Gorbachev's dacha located? “gift” for Gorbachev: the palace-dacha of the first president of the USSR, which turned out to be of no use to anyone. A short video review
On the way from Pitsunda to the Myussersky reserve (the reserve itself, Stalin's dacha and Gorbachev's dacha), we stopped for lunch in one of the villages near Pitsunda. On the way, we drove over the steepest bridge over the Bzyb River that I have ever crossed.
Filming October 2006.
23 photos, total weight 3.2 megabytes
There are two dachas located in the cozy Myussersky Nature Reserve. One of Stalin’s dachas (there are 5 of them in Abkhazia) and Gorbachev’s dacha. The territory of the reserve is protected, since Gorbachev’s dacha is the residence of the president of Abkhazia, where he sometimes comes.
The rest of the time there are sometimes excursions on the territory, which we went on.
According to legend, the construction was personally supervised by Raisa Maksimovna, and the Yugoslavs built it. I must say that the house fits very organically into the landscape and looks pretty. By the way, only 3 floors are visible from the sea, whereas in fact there are five.
State symbols in Abkhazia are very common. Every car must have a flag of Abkhazia. Many houses have stickers like this.
They are not allowed inside the dacha, but you can walk around and look outside.
Entrance to metro-2
Tunnel to the sea. Near the other portal there was a staircase along which one could go down to the sea. But it collapsed and the tunnel was closed.
Although the building is being looked after, smudges and minor damage are visible in places.
Boarding house "Myussera". A friend is standing on the mountain.
Gorbachev's dacha.
Eh, beauty...
Our Abkhazian tour guide. Unfortunately I don't remember her name. She works as a teacher, and excursions are a part-time job. I must say that it is very good. In her words, she is very lucky that she works with excursions. By local standards, she receives a normal salary. But this is seasonal.
Something abandoned near Stalin's dacha.
Small cute house. Much more modest than Gorbachev's dacha :) Inside, as we were told, it is empty. Externally it has been restored. Inside, the process is sluggish. But they want to restore the interior and open it to tourists.
Avenue.
Well, the access road is very narrow.
Crimeans, know: there is no money for your pensions. And for such necessary things as swimming pools, hot tubs and spas, there will always be funds in the budget.
At the Zarya state dacha in Foros, where Mikhail Gorbachev was blocked during the 1991 coup, construction works.
A new sports and recreation complex (FRC) will open here soon. Its purpose (according to documents) is “to organize physical training classes, conduct sports and recreational events.” Russia is ready to spend 650,000,000 rubles on the construction site, which is the responsibility of the Federal Security Service, whose task is to take care of the life and health of the country’s top officials.
New "Zarya"
State Dacha No. 11 was built in 1988 by personal order of Mikhail Gorbachev. In just two years, juniper and oak alleys, a grotto, a three-story palace and a whole string of buildings grew on the rocky ground: an office and administrative building, a service house, a leisure center with a cinema hall, a billiard room, gym and sauna. It was in the latter that the FSO, apparently, started a “repair”, deciding to turn the soviet presidential residence into an ultra-modern sports and recreation center with total area 1715.5 sq. m: swimming pools, baths, fonts (683.2 sq. m), area of medical and recreational procedures (172 sq. m), terraces (172 sq. m), ground floor (664.5 sq. m).
So, on December 21, 2015, military unit No. 48405 (according to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, it carries out the “activities of federal specialized security and safety services”) entered into a state contract with the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “GUSST No. 4 at Spetsstroy of Russia” for “design, reconstruction and supervision of the Physical Culture- health complex of the state dacha No. 11.” The contractor promised to complete the project by September 30, 2016.
New residents of the state dacha needed a crotch shower / aquastroy.ru
And already on February 26, 2016 (time is running out!) On the government procurement website, the Federal State Unitary Enterprise placed three tenders at once for a total amount (read carefully) 524,915,500 rubles, which is more than 100 million less than the original amount. It didn’t take long for the special construction workers to look for subcontractors, but they didn’t have to at all - in all three cases, purchases were made from single suppliers. Moreover, as follows from the minutes of the meetings of the competition commission, the customer himself pointed to them.
From the mosque to Foros
The richest lot - 308,215,000 rubles for the supply of materials for the pool bowl, furniture and decorative accessories - went to Author's Stone LLC. This company lined the Moscow Cathedral Mosque with granite. She paved the central Olympic Square in Sochi with labradorite. And the winter garden in the Kremlin was completely marbled. Among the presentations presented on the Author’s Stone website are the results of work in several private houses in the Sosny village. Best recommendation for the Kremlin inhabitants. Even more so for us. Let's take it.
Hydromassage pool, contrast plunge pools, hammam. /aquastroy.ru
JSC Holdvent received less than others – 77,250,500. It will deal with the internal electrical, water supply, heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. This joint-stock company is no stranger to the FSO: it took care of military units in Gorki-9 and Sochi. Saved the Gazprom headquarters from the heat. Allowed the Mountain Olympic Village in Sochi to breathe. In general, they are also good guys. We can deal.
And another half a billion
The remaining 139,450,000 rubles were received by ITC Akvastroy LLC. The track record of this engineering center is even scary to divulge: the construction of swimming pools and swimming pools in the state residence Novo-Ogarevo, the installation of equipment for a swimming pool in Bocharov Ruchey...
At Zarya, Akvastroy will also be able to prove itself. He will have to enjoy: health and hydromassage pools, contrasting plunge pools, fountains, steam (hammam) and herbal baths, cryosauna. Equip the spa area with dry and wet floating baths, a medical hydromassage bath, a carbon dioxide bath, a Vichy shower, a Swiss circular shower, a physiotherapeutic local pelvic bath with an ascending shower (the so-called perineal shower), and a head cascade shower. And maybe something else - in agreement with the customer.
Cladding with elite stone like the one that the subcontractor did in Sosny / author-stone.ru
The customer, however, already has plenty of residences and state dachas (not counting sanatoriums), where you can take a steam bath and swim. And the country now has a lot of problems even without Foros. But it is not for us to decide what is more important. This is probably why, on the same day as for the “Gorbachev’s” dacha, the FSO concluded another government contract with Spetsstroy - for 550,000,000 rubles. Task? Guess three times! To rebuild a sports and recreation center in the same Crimea, but at a different address - at state residences No. 9 and No. 10. It is only 7 km from state dacha No. 11. So you, Crimeans, hang in there. And be healthy!
/History of the issue
According to SBU Major General Pyotr Laishev (in the mid-80s - deputy head of the 9th department of the USSR KGB in Crimea), the “construction of the century” in Foros was personally supervised by the head of the KGB, Viktor Chebrikov: “You should have seen this three-story palace, lined marble, covered with aluminum tiles specially made at military factories... Especially for the Gorbachevs, a path was made along the perimeter of the dacha - a tartan path that follows the topography of the territory.”
The whim of the old owners of "Zarya" was an escalator from the house to the sea / aquastroy.ru
The highlight of the “dacha” was the swimming pool with an area of 120 square meters. m. One of its walls was decorated with Florentine mosaics: image underwater world was lined with 42 types of semi-precious stones. Another wall was lowered by special devices, and a view of the sea opened up.
According to official data, Zarya cost the budget 660 million rubles (a billion dollars at those prices).
/By the way
By the decision of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Crimea dated June 14, 2014, state residence No. 11 was transferred to the FSO for free use. To find out the details about Zarya, we turned to Sergei Devyatov, adviser to the director of the FSO. But after his answers, the questions only grew.
“I’m not sure that state residence No. 11 is located on the property of the FSO,” Devyatov doubted. – I know that some of the objects went to the Presidential Administration.
– How can we clarify this?
– (Long pause.) You have put me a little at a dead end. So offhand I don’t really have a clue what’s going on. Moreover, outside of Moscow, economic and organizational activities are not the object of public attention.
– Are you hinting that construction work at Zarya is a state secret?
- I'm not hinting. It’s just that, as a rule, such organizational and technical things are of little interest to readers...
– How interesting! Especially when their own money is spent on it.
– ...Do you mean “Foros-2”, “Foros-4” or “Zarya-2”, “Zarya-4”? There are a bunch of objects with different numbers. I don't really understand what exactly you are talking about.
Sergey Devyatov / Global Look Press
- We even more so. We know only one "Zarya".
– In this case, you first need to find out what kind of object it is. It is likely that it is owned by Crimea or the Administrative Department.
– Crimea handed over “Zarya” to you. And the order for construction was made by the FSO. So it's yours.
- May be.
– If Zarya is yours, will the president be able to come to this state residence?
– Theoretically, the country's top officials can appear anywhere in the Russian Federation, regardless of how or what. The main thing is whether they are provided with sufficient security measures.
in the sectionState dacha No. 11, or object "Zarya", located at 2.5 km from the Crimean village. The main building has three floors with a penthouse, next to it is a service house. There is a tennis court, a leisure center with a cinema room, a billiard room, a gym and a sauna. At the entrance from the main gate of the checkpoint there is a 3-story service and administrative building with a technical department, rooms for guests and staff. A little higher is a helipad.
When in the mid-80s the KGB leadership found out what place Mikhail Gorbachev had chosen for his residence, they were furious. Despite the fabulous beauty of the bay between the most southern cape South Coast of Sarych and Cape Foros, healing air and other positive aspects, the Zarya facility had one serious drawback - it was vulnerable from almost all sides. Both from the sea and from the land. And if on the sea side the security system was established, then on land big problems arose: on both sides near the dacha there were forests, behind there was a busy route -. All buildings and sites were visible from many points.
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But they could not go against the wishes of the General Secretary, and the 9th Department of the KGB (responsible for the security of senior officials) made incredible efforts to ensure reliable protection of the first person.
The security turned out to be powerful and numerous. From the sea, vacationers could see the dacha of the President of the USSR, but only with the naked eye. Any optical device was regarded as sabotage. KGB officers, who were required to be on excursion boats, mercilessly exposed the film, even if they simply noticed an open camera lens. Such increased security measures played a cruel joke on Mikhail Gorbachev in 1991: the entire staff of Zarya, from security guards to cleaners, received salaries from the KGB and, naturally, obeyed the commands of law enforcement representatives. Therefore, at X-hour they turned from guards into watchmen.
On his vacation trip, Gorbachev was accompanied by nine employees of the General Staff: three liaison officers of the special operational-technical department and six employees of the 9th direction of the General Staff, a unit that provided the President of the USSR with the ability to control strategic nuclear forces in an emergency.
The nuclear watch on the Zarya was located in the so-called guest house about a hundred meters from the presidential apartments. The operators were in one room, the signalman in another. Access to the premises was limited, the doors were always kept closed, and those on duty took turns going to lunch.
Disbanded on December 25, 1991 Soviet Union. Russia not only took on all the debts, but also left behind the new borders “objects” worth tens of billions of dollars. What condition are they in now and what happened to them in 20 years? The AiF columnist reports from the villa of the ex-president of the USSR in the Abkhazian Musser.
Khrushchev's dachas: he lived better than Stalin, but more modestly than Gorbachev. Photo: AiF / Georgy Zotov
...Studying the dachas of Soviet leaders in Abkhazia, you immediately notice: Stalin, no matter how you treat him, . Two-story ex-residence Khrushchev in Pitsunda it looks more pompous than Stalin's dachas - with columns and balconies, decoration and furniture are up to standard, there is even a swimming pool. Nikita Sergeevich rested here shortly before his removal in 1964. Khrushchev's second cottage was built next to Stalin's mansion on Lake Ritsa. , who received both “lake” dachas “as an inheritance”, connected them with a corridor, but did not improve anything else. And here first and last president of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev outdid everyone - his dacha in Musser is truly amazing in its scope. These are not Stalin's closets, but a real palace: right by the sea, five floors, elevator, guest rooms, handmade stained glass windows - the finishing was done personally Zurab Tsereteli. There is a pier (!) for submarines on the beach.
Khrushchev's dacha. Photo: AiF / Georgy Zotov
Luxury for the Secretary General
Construction of the dacha began in the spring of 1985, immediately after Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, says Director of the facility Valery Zaade. - The then First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Georgia Eduard Shevardnadze. The construction was carried out by the Yugoslavs: they did everything conscientiously, but the work dragged on right up until the collapse of the Union. They say it's the "lady factor": the wife Gorbacheva Raisa Maksimovna allegedly came here and ordered the rooms to be remodeled - she almost gave the builders a heart attack with the bathroom. She put her soul into the dacha... And you know what’s surprising? When Raisa Gorbacheva died, exactly at the hour of her death the ceiling collapsed. When we found out, we crossed ourselves.
Construction of the five-story palace “as a gift” to Mikhail Sergeevich began in 1985. Photo: AiF / Georgy Zotov
...In fact, this is a whole resort complex. Myussera is located not far from Gudauta, and Shevardnadze personally chose the construction site: so that the sea would be cleaner and calmer, and there would be sand on the beach instead of pebbles. Sculptor Zurab Tsereteli received strict instructions: “We must try hard for Mikhail Sergeevich.”
The stained glass windows were made by Zurab Tsereteli himself. Photo: AiF / Georgy Zotov
Local authorities went to great lengths: they brought expensive marble, planted trees of valuable species, ordered grass seeds for lawns from Germany... Now the dacha is in decent condition - although, of course, not in everything. To the pool (decorated with panels on mythical themes Ancient Greece) they haven’t poured water for a long time, the elevators don’t work, the parquet on the ground floor “stands on end”, the locks on the doors are rusty - this is due to humidity, which the architects did not take into account when designing the building by the sea. But the shortcomings are lost when you look at the porcelain and bronze chandeliers, jacuzzi, luxurious bedrooms and furniture - yes, everything here is at the highest level.
The porcelain chandelier in the bedroom cost $100,000. Photo: AiF / Georgy Zotov
Beach houses (more precisely, bungalows) look great from the inside, even if you want to move in now. The director shares his thoughts: there were plans for the summer to turn Gorbachev’s dacha into a five-star hotel: bungalows would be rented out for 3,000 rubles per night, and suites in the main building would be more expensive. “You understand, when people don’t live in the building, even the smell of the building becomes alienated, so unpleasant.” However, of course, there is no money for repairs in the budget of Abkhazia. Therefore, the luxurious building has been empty for years.
Jacuzzi baths for the Secretary General were ordered in Italy. Photo: AiF / Georgy Zotov
“We wanted to give it to Putin”
Back in 2010, they suggested that, in gratitude for the recognition and exchange of embassies, let’s give Gorbachev’s dacha to Putin personally,” said an AiF source in the Government of Abkhazia. - However, Putin refused. Then they began to discuss the possibility of transferring the villa to the balance of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, but the conversations died out. By and large, this is a dead end - we spend money, but get no return. We must either open a hotel here or give it to Russia... No decision has been made yet.
…In 1991, we left in Abkhazia (then still part of Georgia) dozens of historically and materially valuable objects of “union significance.” In fact, no one needed them. True, one should say “thank you” to the small republic for at least maintaining the leaders’ dachas in divine condition. But with the property of the stars of Soviet culture, things are worse than ever. I visited Agudzero, where the Litfond settlement used to be located: the dachas of such representatives of the bohemians of the USSR as poets Evgeniy Yevtushenko And Konstantin Simonov, the above-mentioned Zurab Tsereteli and even (rumored to be) a pop diva Alla Pugacheva. Dear readers will see what remains of the dachas after the invasion of the Georgian army in 1992 in the next issue of AiF. And this spectacle is not for the faint of heart...